JAVA实现可设置背景的MDI窗口
我们都知道，MDI(Multiple Document Interface)即多文档界面。使用MDI窗体时，将在一个父窗体内建立工作区，父窗体能够令一个以上的子窗体限制于其中活动及操作。在office系列及VS/VS.Net等很多软件中都使用了MDI的表现形式。
而遗憾的是，虽然很多编程语言都提供了显著的MDI属性，但Java却算是个例外，基本上只能通过JDesktopPane结合JInternalFrame进行实现，而且局限性也比较多。
其实，利用Swing完成MDI，还有更简单的捷径可循。
下面，我给出一个简单的例子：
package
org.loon.test;
/**
*<p>Title:LoonFramework</p>
*<p>Description:</p>
*<p>Copyright:Copyright(c)2007</p>
*<p>Company:LoonFramework</p>
*@authorchenpeng
*@email：[email protected]
*@version0.1
*/
import
javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import
javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import
javax.swing.JFrame;
import
javax.swing.JLabel;
import
javax.swing.JLayeredPane;
import
javax.swing.JPanel;
import
javax.swing.JTextArea;
import
javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import
javax.swing.WindowConstants;
import
javax.swing.border.Border;
import
java.awt.BorderLayout;
import
java.awt.Color;
import
java.awt.Dimension;
import
java.awt.EventQueue;
import
java.awt.Font;
import
java.awt.Graphics;
import
java.awt.Image;
import
java.awt.Insets;
import
java.awt.Point;
import
java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import
java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import
java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import
java.io.IOException;
public
class
JavaMDI
extends
JPanel
{
/**
*
*/
privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=1L;
privatestaticfinalintBACKLAYER=1;
FontFONT=newFont("宋体",Font.PLAIN,12);
privatefinalBackImagePanelayerPane;
//子窗体背景色
privateint[]colors={0xdddddd,0xaaaaff,0xffaaaa,0xaaffaa,0xffffaa,0xffaaff,0xaaffff,0xddddff};
privateColorgetColor(inti,floatf){
intb=(int)((i&0xff)*f);
i=i>>8;
intg=(int)((i&0xff)*f);
i=i>>8;
intr=(int)((i&0xff)*f);
returnnewColor(r,g,b);
}
publicJavaMDI(){
super(newBorderLayout());
Imageimage;
try{
image=ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("javamdi.jpg"));
}catch(IOExceptione){
image=null;
}
layerPane=newBackImagePane();
layerPane.setImage(image);
//随机生成个子面板，作为内部窗体，实际使用时替换JPanel内部容器即可。
for(inti=0;i<colors.length;i++){
JPanelp=createChildPanel(i);
p.setLocation(i*80+20,i*50+15);
layerPane.add(p,BACKLAYER);
}
add(layerPane,BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
/**
*创建子面板，作为在内部移动的窗体
*@parami
*@return
*/
privateJPanelcreateChildPanel(inti){
//使用html标记设定颜色
Stringhtml="<html><fontcolor=#333333>子窗体ID"+i+"</font></html>";
JLabellabel=newJLabel(html);
label.setFont(FONT);
label.setOpaque(true);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//设定背景色
label.setBackground(getColor(colors[i],0.85f));
//设定边距
Borderborder1=BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(4,4,4,4);;
label.setBorder(border1);
JTextAreatext=newJTextArea();
text.setBackground(newColor(colors[i]));
text.setMargin(newInsets(4,4,4,4));
text.setLineWrap(true);
JPanelp=newJPanel();
Colorcol=getColor(colors[i],0.5f);
Borderborder=BorderFactory.createLineBorder(col,1);
p.setBorder(border);
//移动监听
DragMouseListenerli=newDragMouseListener(p);
p.addMouseListener(li);
p.addMouseMotionListener(li);
p.setLayout(newBorderLayout());
p.add(label,BorderLayout.NORTH);
p.add(text,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//子窗体大小
p.setSize(newDimension(200,150));
returnp;
}
/**
*子窗体拖拽监听
*@authorchenpeng
*
*/
classDragMouseListenerimplementsMouseListener,MouseMotionListener{
Pointorigin;
JPanelpanel;
DragMouseListener(JPanelp){
panel=p;
}
publicvoidmousePressed(MouseEvente){
origin=newPoint(e.getX(),e.getY());
//移动
layerPane.moveToFront(panel);
}
publicvoidmouseDragged(MouseEvente){
if(origin==null)return;
intdx=e.getX()-origin.x;
intdy=e.getY()-origin.y;
Pointp=panel.getLocation();
panel.setLocation(p.x+dx,p.y+dy);
}
publicvoidmouseClicked(MouseEvente){}
publicvoidmouseEntered(MouseEvente){}
publicvoidmouseExited(MouseEvente){}
publicvoidmouseReleased(MouseEvente){}
publicvoidmouseMoved(MouseEvente){}
}
//用分层面板JLayeredPane制作MDI背景
classBackImagePaneextendsJLayeredPane{
/**
*
*/
privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=1L;
publicBackImagePane(){
super();
}
voidsetImage(Imageimg){
bgImage=img;
}
privateImagebgImage;
publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){
if(bgImage!=null){
intimageh=bgImage.getHeight(null);
intimagew=bgImage.getWidth(null);
Dimensiond=getSize();
for(inth=0;h<d.getHeight();h+=imageh){
for(intw=0;w<d.getWidth();w+=imagew){
g.drawImage(bgImage,w,h,this);
}
}
}
super.paint(g);
}
}
publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){
EventQueue.invokeLater(newRunnable(){
publicvoidrun(){
createGUI();
}
});
}
publicstaticvoidcreateGUI(){
finalJFrameframe=newJFrame("JAVA实现可设置背景的MDI窗口");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setSize(newDimension(800,600));
frame.getContentPane().add(newJavaMDI());
frame.setAlwaysOnTop(true);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
效果图如下：
而遗憾的是，虽然很多编程语言都提供了显著的MDI属性，但Java却算是个例外，基本上只能通过JDesktopPane结合JInternalFrame进行实现，而且局限性也比较多。
其实，利用Swing完成MDI，还有更简单的捷径可循。
下面，我给出一个简单的例子：
package
org.loon.test;
/**
*<p>Title:LoonFramework</p>*<p>Description:</p>*<p>Copyright:Copyright(c)2007</p>*<p>Company:LoonFramework</p>*@authorchenpeng*@email：[email protected]*@version0.1*/
import
javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import
javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import
javax.swing.JFrame;
import
javax.swing.JLabel;
import
javax.swing.JLayeredPane;
import
javax.swing.JPanel;
import
javax.swing.JTextArea;
import
javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import
javax.swing.WindowConstants;
import
javax.swing.border.Border;
import
java.awt.BorderLayout;
import
java.awt.Color;
import
java.awt.Dimension;
import
java.awt.EventQueue;
import
java.awt.Font;
import
java.awt.Graphics;
import
java.awt.Image;
import
java.awt.Insets;
import
java.awt.Point;
import
java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import
java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import
java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import
java.io.IOException;
public
class
JavaMDI
extends
JPanel
{/**
**/privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=1L;privatestaticfinalintBACKLAYER=1;FontFONT=newFont("宋体",Font.PLAIN,12);privatefinalBackImagePanelayerPane;//子窗体背景色privateint[]colors={0xdddddd,0xaaaaff,0xffaaaa,0xaaffaa,0xffffaa,0xffaaff,0xaaffff,0xddddff};privateColorgetColor(inti,floatf){intb=(int)((i&0xff)*f);i=i>>8;intg=(int)((i&0xff)*f);i=i>>8;intr=(int)((i&0xff)*f);returnnewColor(r,g,b);}publicJavaMDI(){super(newBorderLayout());Imageimage;try{image=ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("javamdi.jpg"));}catch(IOExceptione){image=null;}layerPane=newBackImagePane();layerPane.setImage(image);//随机生成个子面板，作为内部窗体，实际使用时替换JPanel内部容器即可。for(inti=0;i<colors.length;i++){JPanelp=createChildPanel(i);p.setLocation(i*80+20,i*50+15);layerPane.add(p,BACKLAYER);}add(layerPane,BorderLayout.CENTER);}/***创建子面板，作为在内部移动的窗体*@parami*@return*/privateJPanelcreateChildPanel(inti){//使用html标记设定颜色Stringhtml="<html><fontcolor=#333333>子窗体ID"+i+"</font></html>";JLabellabel=newJLabel(html);label.setFont(FONT);label.setOpaque(true);label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//设定背景色label.setBackground(getColor(colors[i],0.85f));//设定边距Borderborder1=BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(4,4,4,4);;label.setBorder(border1);JTextAreatext=newJTextArea();text.setBackground(newColor(colors[i]));text.setMargin(newInsets(4,4,4,4));text.setLineWrap(true);JPanelp=newJPanel();Colorcol=getColor(colors[i],0.5f);Borderborder=BorderFactory.createLineBorder(col,1);p.setBorder(border);//移动监听DragMouseListenerli=newDragMouseListener(p);p.addMouseListener(li);p.addMouseMotionListener(li);p.setLayout(newBorderLayout());p.add(label,BorderLayout.NORTH);p.add(text,BorderLayout.CENTER);//子窗体大小p.setSize(newDimension(200,150));returnp;}/***子窗体拖拽监听*@authorchenpeng**/classDragMouseListenerimplementsMouseListener,MouseMotionListener{Pointorigin;JPanelpanel;DragMouseListener(JPanelp){panel=p;}publicvoidmousePressed(MouseEvente){origin=newPoint(e.getX(),e.getY());//移动layerPane.moveToFront(panel);}publicvoidmouseDragged(MouseEvente){if(origin==null)return;intdx=e.getX()-origin.x;intdy=e.getY()-origin.y;Pointp=panel.getLocation();panel.setLocation(p.x+dx,p.y+dy);}publicvoidmouseClicked(MouseEvente){}publicvoidmouseEntered(MouseEvente){}publicvoidmouseExited(MouseEvente){}publicvoidmouseReleased(MouseEvente){}publicvoidmouseMoved(MouseEvente){}}//用分层面板JLayeredPane制作MDI背景classBackImagePaneextendsJLayeredPane{/****/privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=1L;publicBackImagePane(){super();}voidsetImage(Imageimg){bgImage=img;}privateImagebgImage;publicvoidpaint(Graphicsg){if(bgImage!=null){intimageh=bgImage.getHeight(null);intimagew=bgImage.getWidth(null);Dimensiond=getSize();for(inth=0;h<d.getHeight();h+=imageh){for(intw=0;w<d.getWidth();w+=imagew){g.drawImage(bgImage,w,h,this);}}}super.paint(g);}}publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){EventQueue.invokeLater(newRunnable(){publicvoidrun(){createGUI();}});}publicstaticvoidcreateGUI(){finalJFrameframe=newJFrame("JAVA实现可设置背景的MDI窗口");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setSize(newDimension(800,600));frame.getContentPane().add(newJavaMDI());frame.setAlwaysOnTop(true);frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);frame.setVisible(true);}}
效果图如下：