求一下强连通分量就行。。。
#include <iostream> #include <queue> #include <stack> #include <map> #include <set> #include <bitset> #include <cstdio> #include <algorithm> #include <cstring> #include <climits> #include <cstdlib> #include <cmath> #include <time.h> #define maxn 100005 #define maxm 300005 #define eps 1e-10 #define mod 1000000007 #define INF 999999999 #define lowbit(x) (x&(-x)) #define mp mark_pair #define ls o<<1 #define rs o<<1 | 1 #define lson o<<1, L, mid #define rson o<<1 | 1, mid+1, R #pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:16777216") typedef long long LL; //typedef int LL; using namespace std; LL powmod(LL a, LL b){LL res=1,base=a;while(b){if(b%2)res=res*base%mod;base=base*base%mod;b/=2;}return res;} void scanf(int &__x){__x=0;char __ch=getchar();while(__ch==' '||__ch=='\n')__ch=getchar();while(__ch>='0'&&__ch<='9')__x=__x*10+__ch-'0',__ch = getchar();} LL gcd(LL _a, LL _b){if(!_b) return _a;else return gcd(_b, _a%_b);} // head int h[maxn], next[maxm], v[maxm]; int dfn[maxn], low[maxn], ins[maxn]; int p[maxn], cnt, res, top, n, x; stack<int> s; void init(void) { cnt = top = 0; memset(h, -1, sizeof h); memset(dfn, 0, sizeof dfn); memset(low, 0, sizeof low); } void addedges(int u, int vv) { next[cnt] = h[u], h[u] = cnt, v[cnt] = vv, cnt++; } void tarjan(int u) { dfn[u] = low[u] = ++top; s.push(u), ins[u] = 1; for(int e = h[u]; ~e; e = next[e]) { if(!dfn[v[e]]) { tarjan(v[e]); low[u] = min(low[u], low[v[e]]); } else if(ins[v[e]]) low[u] = min(low[u], dfn[v[e]]); } if(dfn[u] == low[u]) { int tmp = s.top(); s.pop(), ins[tmp] = 0; while(tmp != u) { p[res++] = tmp; tmp = s.top(); s.pop(), ins[tmp] = 0; } p[res++] = tmp; printf("("); for(int i = res-1; i >= 1; i--) printf("%d ", p[i]); printf("%d)", p[0]); } } int main(void) { while(scanf("%d", &n)!=EOF) { init(); for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) scanf("%d", &x), addedges(i, x); for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) if(!dfn[i]) res = 0, tarjan(i); printf("\n"); } return 0; }