用java实现抽象类门Door,能进行开门(openDoor)关门(closeDoor)操作,有防盗,防水,防火,防锈,防弹功能
前两天老师布置了这个作业,自己正好趁着这次机会,把已经学过的java知识:继承,重写,抽象,接口,上转型对象,异常类以及Class类等整合一下。
做一个门类Door,该门能进行开门openDoor与关门closeDoor操作。门再分各种功能,有防盗的,防水的,防火的,防锈的,防弹的。试使用java语言解决此问题。
很显然,类Door可以抽象出来,其具有抽象行为openDoor和closeDoor。至于门的各种功能可以做成功能接口,根据题意可以写5个接口:防盗TheftProof,防水WaterProof,防火FireProof,防锈RustProof,防弹BulletProof。抽象的类Door,可以根据现实派生出四种档次的门:初级档次门(防盗),中级档次门(防盗,防水,防火),高级档次门(防盗,防水,防火,防锈),特级档次门(防盗,防水,防火,防锈,防盗)。分析已经完成,接下类就用代码实现它吧
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public abstract class Door { // 抽象类Door门,应具有开关门功能 public abstract void openDoor(); // 开门 public abstract void closeDoor(); // 关门 }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public interface TheftProof { // 防盗功能接口 public String showTheftProof(); // 显示防盗功能 }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public interface WaterProof { // 防水功能接口 public String showWaterProof(); // 显示防水功能 }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public interface FireProof { // 防火功能接口 public String showFireProof(); // 显示防火功能 }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public interface RustProof { // 防锈功能接口 public String showRustProof(); // 显示防锈功能 }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public interface BulletProof { // 防弹功能接口 public String showBulletProof(); // 显示防弹功能 }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public class PrimaryDoor extends Door implements TheftProof { // 初级档次门PrimaryDoor类 @Override public void openDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您此次打开的是初级档次门:"); System.out.println("该门" + showTheftProof()); } @Override public void closeDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您已经关闭了该初级档次门"); } @Override public String showTheftProof() { return "防盗"; // TODO Auto-generated method stub } }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public class MiddleDoor extends Door implements TheftProof,WaterProof, FireProof { // 中级档次门MiddleDoor类 @Override public String showFireProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防火"; } @Override public String showWaterProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防水"; } @Override public String showTheftProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防盗"; } @Override public void openDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您此次打开的是中级档次门:"); System.out.println("该门" + showTheftProof() + "," + showWaterProof() + "," + showFireProof()); } @Override public void closeDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您已经关闭了该中级档次门"); } }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public class SeniorDoor extends Door implements TheftProof,WaterProof, FireProof,RustProof { // 高级档次门SeniorDoor类 @Override public String showRustProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防锈"; } @Override public String showFireProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防火"; } @Override public String showWaterProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防水"; } @Override public String showTheftProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防盗"; } @Override public void openDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您此次打开的是高级档次门:"); System.out.println("该门" + showTheftProof() + "," + showWaterProof() + "," + showFireProof() + "," + showRustProof()); } @Override public void closeDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您已经关闭了该高级档次门"); } }
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package Five; /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public class SpecialDoor extends Door implements TheftProof,WaterProof, FireProof,RustProof,BulletProof { // 特级档次门SpecialDoor类 @Override public String showBulletProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防弹"; } @Override public String showRustProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防锈"; } @Override public String showFireProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防火"; } @Override public String showWaterProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防水"; } @Override public String showTheftProof() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "防盗"; } @Override public void openDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您此次打开的是特级档次门:"); System.out.println("该门" + showTheftProof() + "," + showWaterProof() + "," + showFireProof() + "," + showRustProof() + "," + showBulletProof()); } @Override public void closeDoor() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("您已经关闭了该高级档次门"); } }
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package Five; public class MainClass { // 用于测试四种档次门 /** * @author Kun Sun * @date 2013.10.19 */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("欢迎来到本门展中心,欢迎参观"); // 测试1,初级档次门 System.out.println("\n-----------1---------------"); PrimaryDoor primary = new PrimaryDoor(); Door door = primary; // 使用上转型对象方式1 door.openDoor(); door.closeDoor(); // 测试2,中级档次门 System.out.println("\n-----------2---------------"); door = new MiddleDoor(); // 使用上转型对象方式2 door.openDoor(); door.closeDoor(); // 测试3,高级档次门 System.out.println("\n-----------3---------------"); try{ // 使用Class实例化一个对象 Class cs = Class.forName("Five.SeniorDoor"); door = (Door)cs.newInstance(); door.openDoor(); door.closeDoor(); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("不能加载类" + e.getMessage()); } // 测试4,特级档次门 System.out.println("\n-----------4---------------"); try{ // 使用Class实例化一个对象 Class cs = Class.forName("Five.SpecialDoor"); // 如果Five.SpecialDoor写成SpecialDoor会出错 door = (Door)cs.newInstance(); door.openDoor(); door.closeDoor(); }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("不能加载类" + e.getMessage()); } } }
使用Class类创建一个实例时,若与Class相关联的类不是在默认包下,需要显示说明声明了的包,本例中,因为不是默认包,声明的包(Five)在调用时必须显示说明,如果把Class cs = Class.forName("Five.SpecialDoor");中的Five不写出,会出错,直接跳入与该try相关的catch语句中。这是因为当一个类被加载且创建对象时,和该类相关的一个类型为Class的对象就会自动创建。把相关内容自动写进与之同名的.class文件中。若不是在默认包下使用Class类创建一个实例,需显示指出,JVM才能查找到相关信息。
java新学,如果以上有什么不对的地方,恳请指出。