当模版类遇上友元函数

//对于重载操作符，这个的函数，在类中声明的时候
//写成friend Complex operator-<T>(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
//在类的外部，写成
/*
template<class T>
Complex<T> operator-(Complex<T> &c1, Complex<T> &c2)
{
　　Complex<T> tmp(c1.Real - c2.Real, c1.Image - c2.Image);
　　return tmp;
}
*/

//对于一般的函数,则需要提前声明

 

#include "iostream"
using namespace std;

template<class T>
class Complex;

template<class T>
Complex<T> addA(Complex<T> &c1, Complex<T> &c2);

template<class T>
Complex<T> mySub(Complex<T> &c1, Complex<T> &c2);

//对于重载操作符，这个的函数，在类中声明的时候
//写成friend Complex operator-<T>(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
//在类的外部，写成
/*
template<class T>
Complex<T> operator-(Complex<T> &c1, Complex<T> &c2)
{
	Complex<T> tmp(c1.Real - c2.Real, c1.Image - c2.Image);
	return tmp;
}
*/

/*
对于普通函数的友元重载，需要提前生成,参考mySub

*/


template<class T>
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex(T  Real = 0, T Image = 0);
	Complex(T a);
	//Complex Complex<T>::operator+(Complex &c1, Complex &c2 )
	friend  Complex addA<T>(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);

	friend Complex mySub<T>(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
	friend Complex operator-<T>(Complex &c1, Complex &c2);
// 	{
// 		Complex tmp(c1.Real - c2.Real, c1.Image - c2.Image);
// 		return tmp;
// 	}

	void print();

public:

protected:
private:
	T  Real, Image;
};

template<class T>
Complex<T>::Complex(T  Real = 0, T Image = 0)
{
	this->Real = Real;
	this->Image = Image;
}

template<class T>
Complex<T>::Complex(T a)
{
	this->Real = a; this->Image = 0;
}

template<class T>
void Complex<T>::print()
{
	cout << this->Real << " + " << this->Image << endl;
};

/*
无法解析的外部符号 "
class Complex<float> __cdecl operator+(class Complex<float> &,class Complex<float> &)
" (??H@YA?AV?$Complex@M@@AAV0@0@Z)，该符号在函数 _main 中被引用
1>E:\01-work\10-就业班0529\day16\函数模板课堂操练\Debug\函数模板课堂操练.exe :
fatal error LNK1120: 1 个无法解析的外部命令
========== 生成: 成功 0 个，失败 1 个，最新 0 个，跳过 0 个 ==========
*/

template<class T>
Complex<T> addA(Complex<T> &c1, Complex<T> &c2 )
{
	Complex<T> tmp(c1.Real+c2.Real, c1.Image + c2.Image);
	return tmp;
}

template<class T>
Complex<T> operator-(Complex<T> &c1, Complex<T> &c2)
{
	Complex<T> tmp(c1.Real - c2.Real, c1.Image - c2.Image);
	return tmp;
}

template<class T>
Complex<T> mySub(Complex<T> &c1, Complex<T> &c2)
{
	Complex<T> tmp(c1.Real - c2.Real, c1.Image - c2.Image);
	return tmp;
}


void main()
{
	Complex<float> c1(1.0, 2.0);
	Complex<float> c2(3.0, 4.0);
	c1.print();

	Complex<float> c3 =addA(c1,c2);
	c3.print();

	Complex<float> c4 = c1 - c2;
	c4.print();

	Complex<float> c5 = mySub(c1, c2);
	c5.print();
	
	//


	system("pause");
}