MS 建库、建表、建约束

use master

go



IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'StudyDB')

 DROP DATABASE StudyDB  --如果存在则删除

GO

EXEC xp_cmdshell 'mkdir D:\SQL' --调用DOS命令创建文件夹

--建库

CREATE DATABASE StudyDB

ON PRIMARY( --PRIMARY 可选指定主文件组中的文件

 

 NAME = 'StudyDB1_data', --主数据文件的逻辑名

 FILENAME = 'D:\SQL\StudyDB1_data.mdf' , --主数据文件的物理名

 SIZE = 3MB,      --主数据文件初始大小

 MAXSIZE = 5MB,    --主数据文件最大大小

 FILEGROWTH = 20%   --主数据文件的增长率

), --注意","号分隔

(

 

 NAME = 'StudyDB2_data', --主数据文件的逻辑名

 FILENAME = 'D:\SQL\StudyDB2_data.ndf' , --主数据文件的物理名

 SIZE = 512 KB,      --主数据文件初始大小

 MAXSIZE = 5MB,    --主数据文件最大大小

 FILEGROWTH = 20% 

)

LOG ON

(

 

 NAME = 'StudyDB1_log',

 FILENAME = 'D:\SQL\StudyDB_log1.ldf' ,

 SIZE = 512KB,

 MAXSIZE = 3MB,

 FILEGROWTH = 20%

),  --注意","号分隔

(



 NAME = 'StudyDB2_log',

 FILENAME = 'D:\SQL\StudyDB_log2.ldf' ,

 SIZE = 512KB,

 MAXSIZE = 3MB,

 FILEGROWTH = 20%

)

go

--建表

use StudyDB  --必须使用StudyDB这个数据库,不然你建立的表在master数据库里面

go

IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE name='stuInfo')

  DROP TABLE stuInfo

--创建主表stuInfo--

CREATE TABLE stuInfo

(

 stuName    NVARCHAR(20)    NOT NULL,

 stuNo      NCHAR(6)        NOT NULL,

 stuSex     NCHAR(4)        NOT NULL,

 stuAge     SMALLINT        NOT NULL,

 stuSeat    SMALLINT        IDENTITY(1,1),

 stuAddress NTEXT

) 

GO

--为主表stuInfo创建约束[在外添加约束]--

ALTER TABLE stuInfo

  ADD CONSTRAINT PK_stuNo      PRIMARY KEY(stuNo),--主键约束

   CONSTRAINT UQ_stuNo      UNIQUE (stuNo),--唯一约束

      CONSTRAINT CK_stuNo      CHECK(stuNo LIKE 'S253[0-9][0-9]'),--检查约束

      CONSTRAINT CK_stuSex     CHECK(stuSex='男' OR stuSex='女'),

      CONSTRAINT CK_stuAge     CHECK(stuAge BETWEEN 15 AND 40),

      CONSTRAINT CK_stuSeat    CHECK(stuSeat<=30),

      CONSTRAINT DF_stuAddress DEFAULT ('地址不详') FOR stuAddress --默认值设置

 

GO

--如果在已有的数据中添加约束

ALTER TABLE stuInfo 

	WITH NOCHECK --不检查已有数据

	ADD CONSTRAINT my_cus 

	CHECK(stuSex IN (1,2))

	

ALTER TABLE stuInfo

	NOCHECK  | CHECK 

	CONSTRAINT my_cus --使用定义的my_cus约束失效,生效





--创建从表stuMarks--

CREATE TABLE stuMarks

(

 ExamNo CHAR(7) NOT NULL,

 stuNo NCHAR(6) NOT NULL,

 writtenExam SMALLINT NOT NULL,

 LabExam SMALLINT NOT NULL

)

GO

--为从表stuMarks创建约束--

ALTER TABLE stuMarks

   ADD CONSTRAINT PK_ExamNo         PRIMARY KEY(ExamNo),

       CONSTRAINT CK_ExamNo         CHECK(ExamNo LIKE 'S2718[0-9][0-9]'),

       CONSTRAINT FK_stuNo          FOREIGN KEY(stuNo) REFERENCES stuInfo(stuNo),--外键约束

       CONSTRAINT CK_writtenExam    CHECK(writtenExam BETWEEN 0 AND 100),

       CONSTRAINT DF_writtenExam    DEFAULT 0 FOR writtenExam,

       CONSTRAINT CK_LabExam        CHECK(LabExam BETWEEN 0 AND 100),

       CONSTRAINT DF_LabExam        DEFAULT 0 FOR LabExam

GO



 



CREATE TABLE TBL_TEST1(

 TEST1_ID INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1) --主键,自增

 , TEST_NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL

)

CREATE TABLE TBL_TEST2(

 TEST2_ID INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1) 

 , TEST1_ID INT REFERENCES TBL_TEST1(TEST1_ID)--外键约束

 , TEST2_NAME VARCHAR(20) UNIQUE

 , TEST2_SEX CHAR(2) CHECK(TEST2_SEX='男' OR TEST2_SEX='女') --或者:CHECK TEST2_SEX IN('男','女')

 , TEST2_ADDRESS TEXT DEFAULT('地址不详')

)



insert into TBL_TEST1 values('1')

select * from TBL_TEST1

delete TBL_TEST1

insert TBL_TEST2 values(1,'1','男','')

select * from TBL_TEST2

delete TBL_TEST2

 

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