1. Basics

加载dataset - use ''path\to\file''
清除dataset - clear
简单运算 - display
变量的储存 - scalar
变量的清除 - scalar drop
查看dataset - browse
帮助 - help command

Exercise 1: Compute √24 and save it as y. Compute y^3 and save it as z. View z to ensure it is saved correctly. z should equal 117.57551.

scalar y = sqrt(24)
scalar z = y^3
diplay z

summarize variable, detail

2. Distribution

2.1 Discrete value distribution:

Binomial probabilities:

display binomialp(n,x,p) - gives P(X=x)
display binomial(n,x,p) - gives P(X<=x)
display binomialtail(n,x,p) - gives P(X>=x)

Poisson probabilities:

display poissonp(u,x) - gives P(X=x)
display poisson(u,x) - gives P(X<=x)
display poissontail(u,x) - gives P(X>=x)

2.2 Continuous value distribution:

Normal distribution probabilities:

For Z~ N(0,1)
display normal(1.96)
output:0.9750021
Note that the command is used to calculate P(Z<=k), which is P(Z<=1.96) in the example above.

3. Confidence Interval

3.0 critical values

normal distribution
display invnormal(0.975)
t distribution:
t_n-1,0.975,
n-1 = 89 degrees of freedom
display invt(89,0.975)
p value for F distribution
display Ftail(df1, df2, f)

3.1 Confidence Interval for a Mean

ci mean VariableName
default level 95%
ci mean VariableName, level(90)
for level 90%
cii mean N SampMean StDev
N - # observations
SampMean - sample mean
StDev - sample standard deviation

3.2 Exact Binomial CI

For a dataset:
95% CI
ci proportion variableName
99% CI
ci proportion variableName, level(99)
For immediate result without an underlying dataset:
cii proportion Denominator Numerator
Numerator: number of successes
Denominator: number of individual in the group of interests

3.3 Exact Poisson CI

cii means t x, poisson
t - exposure time
x - number of observed events

4. Hypothesis testing

4.1 One Sample Test for a mean

one sample t-test:
ttest fulliq=100 if group ==1
ttest edu = 14, level(90)

ttesti n x s u0
ex: ttesti 46 88.02 12.21 100
n - # observations - 46
x - sample mean - 88.02
s - sample standard deviation - 12.21
u0 - null value of the mean - 100

4.2 One Sample Test for a Proportion

prtesti n p^ p0
ex prtesti 100 0.13 0.1
n - sample size
p^ - sample proportion
p0 - null hypothesis value

Exact Binomial Test
bitesti n x p0
n - number of sample
x - incident cases
p0 - population p

4.3 power and sample size

to get power:
sampsi u0 u1, onesample n(#) sd(\sigma) alpha(0.05)
to get sample size:
sampsi u0 u1, onesample sd(\sigma) power(0.80) alpha(0.05)

For proportion,
p0 and p1 take the place of u0, u1

4.4 two-sample paired t-test

ttest variable1 = variable2

Stata Basic