xtrabackup安装、进行全量备份增量备份
文章目录
- xtrabackup安装
-
- xtrabackup
- 常用命令
- 全量备份
-
- 模拟删库
- 做软连接
- 恢复数据
- 增量备份
-
- 停掉服务删除目录进行数据一致性
- 恢复数据库
xtrabackup安装
xtrabackup
- 概述：是一款开源免费的热备工具，xtrabackup分为xtrabackup和innobackup
常用命令
innobackupex
--user # 以什么用户身份进行操作
--password # 数据库用户的密码
--port # 数据库的端口号，默认3306
--stream # 打包（数据流）
--defaults-file # 指定默认配置文件，默认读取/etc/my.cnf
--no-timestamp # 不创建时间戳文件，而改用目的地址（可以自动创建）
--copy-back # 备份还原的主要选项
--incremental # 使用增量备份，默认使用的完整备份
--incremental-basedir # 与--incremental选项联合使用，该参数指定上一级备份的地址来做增量备份
下载xtrabackup包
[root@localhost ~]# wgethttps://downloads.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.22/binary/redhat/8/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.22-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg pass
libev-4.04-2.el6.x86_64.rpm percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.22-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
安装xtrabackup
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh libev-4.04-2.el6.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.22-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
全量备份
mysql> select * from hyh.student; //创建一个数据库和表并添加数据
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | wangqing | 25 |
| 4 | sean | 28 |
| 5 | zhangshan | 26 |
| 7 | lisi | 50 |
| 8 | chenshuo | 10 |
| 9 | wangwu | 100 |
| 10 | qiuyi | 15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian | 20 |
+----+---------------+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --user root --password hyh123! /backup //全量备份
xtrabackup: recognized server arguments:
xtrabackup: recognized client arguments:
210510 10:24:20 innobackupex: Starting the backup operation
IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.
At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex
prints "completed OK!".
模拟删库
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop //停止服务
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /opt/data/* //删库
做软连接
[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp/
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir mysql.sock
[root@localhost tmp]# cd /var/lib/
[root@localhost lib]# mkdir mysql
[root@localhost lib]# ln -sf /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@localhost lib]# ll /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/
/tmp/mysql.sock:
total 0
/var/lib/mysql/:
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 May 10 10:34 mysql.sock -> /tmp/mysql.sock
恢复数据
[root@cloud1 ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --copy-back /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ //用innobackup进行恢复
[root@cloud1 opt]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/ //给数据库权限
[root@cloud1 ~]# service mysqld start //启动服务
mysql> select * from hyh.student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | wangqing | 25 |
| 4 | sean | 28 |
| 5 | zhangshan | 26 |
| 7 | lisi | 50 |
| 8 | chenshuo | 10 |
| 9 | wangwu | 100 |
| 10 | qiuyi | 15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian | 20 |
+----+---------------+------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
增量备份
mysql> insert student (name) value('xiaoming'); //添加数据
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select *from student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | wangqing | 25 |
| 4 | sean | 28 |
| 5 | zhangshan | 26 |
| 7 | lisi | 50 |
| 8 | chenshuo | 10 |
| 9 | wangwu | 100 |
| 10 | qiuyi | 15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian | 20 |
| 12 | xiaoming | NULL |
+----+---------------+------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --incremental /backup/ --incremental-basedir /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ //基于上次的全量进行增量备份
停掉服务删除目录进行数据一致性
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /opt/data/*
恢复数据库
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --apply-log --redo-only /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ --incremental-dir /backup/2021-05-10_11-37-05/ //操作全量备份进行回滚
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/complete/2021-05-10_10-24-20 --incremental-dir=/backup/inc1/2021-05-10_11-37-05/ //操作第一次增量备份将第一次增量备份应用到完全备份
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --copy-back /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ //恢复第一次全量备份
[root@cloud1 opt]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/ //给数据库权限
[root@cloud1 ~]# service mysqld start //启动服务
mysql> select *from hyh.student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | wangqing | 25 |
| 4 | sean | 28 |
| 5 | zhangshan | 26 |
| 7 | lisi | 50 |
| 8 | chenshuo | 10 |
| 9 | wangwu | 100 |
| 10 | qiuyi | 15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian | 20 |
| 12 | xiaoming | NULL |
+----+---------------+------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
再次添加数据
mysql> insert student (name,age) values('qw',12),('wu',20);
mysql> select * from student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | wangqing | 25 |
| 4 | sean | 28 |
| 5 | zhangshan | 26 |
| 7 | lisi | 50 |
| 8 | chenshuo | 10 |
| 9 | wangwu | 100 |
| 10 | qiuyi | 15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian | 20 |
| 12 | xiaoming | NULL |
| 13 | qw | 12 |
| 14 | xiaoming | 20 |
+----+---------------+------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)
基于上一次增备进行增备
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phzy123 --incremental /backup/ --incremental-basedir /backup/2021-05-10_11-37-05/
停掉服务删除目录进行数据一致性
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /opt/data/*
恢复数据库
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --apply-log --redo-only /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ --incremental-dir /backup/2021-05-10_11-37-05/ //操作全量备份进行回滚
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/complete/2021-05-10_10-24-20 --incremental-dir=/backup/inc1/2021-05-10_11-37-05/ //操作第一次增量备份将第一次增量备
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex --apply-log /backup/complete/2021-05-10_10-24-20 --incremental-dir=/backup/2021-05-10_15-26-53/ //操作第二次增量备份将第二次增量备份应用到完全备份：
[root@localhost ~]# innobackupex -uroot -phyh123! --copy-back /backup/2021-05-10_10-24-20/ //恢复全备
[root@cloud1 opt]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/ //给数据库权限
[root@cloud1 ~]# service mysqld start //启动服务
mysql> select * from hyh.student;
+----+---------------+------+
| id | name | age |
+----+---------------+------+
| 1 | tom | 20 |
| 2 | jerry | 23 |
| 3 | wangqing | 25 |
| 4 | sean | 28 |
| 5 | zhangshan | 26 |
| 7 | lisi | 50 |
| 8 | chenshuo | 10 |
| 9 | wangwu | 100 |
| 10 | qiuyi | 15 |
| 11 | qiuyixiaotian | 20 |
| 12 | xiaoming | NULL |
| 13 | qw | 12 |
| 14 | xiaoming | 20 |
+----+---------------+------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)