Python爬虫以太坊智能合约solidity

获取 etherscan网站中最新的500条智能合约

导入python所需各种标准库，如：

pip install beautifulsoup4

运行环境Python3.7
SmartContactSpider.py

# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import traceback
import re
import os
import time
import datetime
 
def printtime():
    print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S:", time.localtime()), end=' ')
    return 0
 
def getsccodecore(eachLine):
    # 伪装成浏览器
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.87 Safari/537.36'}
 
    failedTimes = 100
    while True:  # 在制定次数内一直循环，直到访问站点成功
 
        if (failedTimes <= 0):
            printtime()
            print("失败次数过多，请检查网络环境！")
            break
 
        failedTimes -= 1
        try:
            # 以下except都是用来捕获当requests请求出现异常时，
            # 通过捕获然后等待网络情况的变化，以此来保护程序的不间断运行
            printtime()
            eachLineurl = eachLine[:80]
            print('正在连接的的网址链接是 ' + eachLineurl)
            response = requests.get(eachLineurl, headers=headers, timeout=5)
            break
 
        except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
            printtime()
            print('ConnectionError！请等待3秒！')
            time.sleep(3)
 
        except requests.exceptions.ChunkedEncodingError:
            printtime()
            print('ChunkedEncodingError！请等待3秒！')
            time.sleep(3)
 
        except:
            printtime()
            print('Unfortunitely,出现未知错误！请等待3秒！')
            time.sleep(3)
 
    response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser")
    targetPRE = soup.find_all('pre', 'js-sourcecopyarea editor')
    filepath = "E:\\SmartContract\\code\\"
    # filename 从address.txt文档中截取；从第34位到75位
    # filename为合约地址 '0x5f3ed22b53ac0a001f0feedc2a3985999377c2ab'
    filename = eachLine[33:75] 
 
    if (os.path.exists(filepath + filename + '.sol')):
        printtime()
        print(filename + '.sol已存在！')
        return 0
 
    fo = open(filepath + filename + '.sol', "w+", encoding="utf-8");
    fo.write(targetPRE[0].text)
    fo.close()
    printtime()
    print(filename + '.sol新建完成！')
    return 0

def getsccode():
    try:
        SCAddress = open("E:\\SmartContract\\address\\address.txt", "r")
    except:
        printtime()
        print('打开智能合约URL地址仓库错误！请检查文件目录是否正确！')
 
    # 一行一行的读取 address.txt 的内容
    for eachLine in SCAddress:
        # print("test:" + eachLine[:80])  
        # address.txt每一行前80字段 https://cn.etherscan.com/address/0xEeE690AAA67d1eE33365c02C3Bf477A93867052f#code
        getsccodecore(eachLine)  # 这个才是获取智能合约代码的核心函数
 
    SCAddress.close()
    return 0

def getSCAddress(eachurl, filepath):
    # 伪装成某种浏览器，防止被服务器拒绝服务
    headers = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.87 Safari/537.36'}
 
    # 设置访问网址失败的最高次数，达到制定次数后，报告错误，停止程序
    failedTimes = 50
 
    while True:  # 一直循环，直到在制定的次数内访问站点成功
 
        if (failedTimes <= 0):
            printtime()
            print("失败次数过多，请检查网络环境！")
            break
 
        failedTimes -= 1  # 每执行一次就要减1
        try:
            # 以下except都是用来捕获当requests请求出现异常时，
            # 通过捕获然后等待网络情况的变化，以此来保护程序的不间断运行
            print('正在连接的的网址链接是 ' + eachurl )
            response = requests.get(url=eachurl, headers=headers, timeout=5)
            # 执行到这一句意味着成功访问，于是退出while循环
            break
        except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
            printtime()
            print('ConnectionError!请等待3秒！')
            time.sleep(3)
        except requests.exceptions.ChunkedEncodingError:
            printtime()
            print('ChunkedEncodingError!请等待3秒！')
            time.sleep(3)
        except:
            printtime()
            print('出现未知错误！请等待3秒！')
            time.sleep(3)
 
    # 转换成UTF-8编码
    response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
    # 煲汤 爬虫解析
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser")
    # 查找这个字段，这个字段下，包含智能合约代码的URL地址
    targetDiv = soup.find_all('div','table-responsive mb-2 mb-md-0')
 
    try:
        targetTBody = targetDiv[0].table.tbody
    except:
        printtime()
        print("targetTBody未成功获取！")
        return 1
 
    # 以追加的方式打开文件。
    # 如果文件不存在，则新建；如果文件已存在，则在文件指针末尾追加
    fo = open(filepath + "address.txt", "a")
 
    # 把每一个地址，都写到文件里面保存下来
    for targetTR in targetTBody:
        # 获取每一行 
        if targetTR.name == 'tr':
            # 获取一行所有列信息
            data = targetTR.find_all('td')
            Address = data[0].getText()
            Name = data[1].getText()
            Compiler = data[2].getText()
            Version = data[3].getText()
            Balance = data[4].getText()
            fo.write("https://cn.etherscan.com" + targetTR.td.find('a', 'hash-tag text-truncate').attrs['href']
            + '==>ContractName:' + Name + '==>Version:' + Version + '==>Balance:' + Balance + "\n")
    fo.close()
    return 0
 
def updatescurl():
	# 最新500条合约信息
    urlList = ["https://cn.etherscan.com/contractsVerified/1?ps=100",
            "https://cn.etherscan.com/contractsVerified/2?ps=100",
            "https://cn.etherscan.com/contractsVerified/3?ps=100",
            "https://cn.etherscan.com/contractsVerified/4?ps=100",
            "https://cn.etherscan.com/contractsVerified/5?ps=100"]
 
    # filepath是保存要爬取的智能合约地址的文件的存放路径
    filepath = 'E:\\SmartContract\\address\\'
    # 把旧的存放合约地址的文件清除干净
    try:
        if (os.path.exists(filepath + "address.txt")):
            os.remove(filepath + "address.txt")
            printtime()
            print('已清除%s目录下的旧文件（仓库）！' % filepath)
    except IOError:
        printtime()
        print("出现一个不能处理的错误，终止程序：IOError!")
        # 函数不正常执行，返回1
        return 1
 
    # 读取urlList里的每一个URL网页里的智能合约地址
    for eachurl in urlList:
        time = 0
        while( 1 == getSCAddress(eachurl, filepath)):
            time += 1
            if(time == 10):
                break
            pass
    # 函数正常执行，返回0
    return 0

def main():
    # 更新要爬取的智能合约的地址
    updatescurl()
    # 根据智能合约的地址去爬取智能合约的代码
    getsccode()
 
main()