const const

起因是源于c++ primer16.3中的一个例子：

template 
string debug_rep(const T &t)
{
    ostringstream ret;
    ret << t;
    return ret.str();  
}

实例化上述模版

const string *sp = &s;
cout << debug_rep(sp) << endl;

T 的类型为 const string*，因此实例化后的函数为:

表示reference to an const object which is a pointer to const object.
The reference cannot be used to modify the pointer itself and the pointer cannot be used to modify the object to which it points;