学了这么久,终于进入jdk5.0的线程编程了。
先来看一段代码:
public class ThreadPoolTest { public static void main(String[] args) { int numWorkers = 10;//工作线程数 int threadPoolSize = 2;//线程池大小 ExecutorService tpes = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(threadPoolSize);//初始化线程池 WorkerThread[] workers = new WorkerThread[numWorkers]; for (int i = 0; i < numWorkers; i++) { workers[i] = new WorkerThread(i);//初始一个任务 tpes.execute(workers[i]);//执行任务 } tpes.shutdown();//所有线程执行完毕后才关闭。 // tpes.shutdownNow();//立即关闭 } }
看看工作线程:
public class WorkerThread implements Runnable { private int workerNumber; WorkerThread(int number) { workerNumber = number; } public void run() { for (int i=0;i<=100;i+=20) { //Perform some work... System.out.format("Worker number: %d, percent complete: %d%n", workerNumber, i); try { Thread.sleep((int)(Math.random() * 1000)); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } } }
从执行的结果可以看出:有两个线程在执行操作,因为我们的线程池中就只有两个线程。
这里要注意一下:
tpes.execute(workers[i]);
这里不是启动一个新线程,而是在仅仅是调用了run方法,并没有新建线程。这一点可以参看如下代码(节选自jdk5):
** * Run a single task between before/after methods. */ private void runTask(Runnable task) { final ReentrantLock runLock = this.runLock; runLock.lock(); try { // Abort now if immediate cancel. Otherwise, we have // committed to run this task. if (runState == STOP) return; Thread.interrupted(); // clear interrupt status on entry boolean ran = false; beforeExecute(thread, task); try { task.run(); //调用的是run()方法 而不是start() ran = true; afterExecute(task, null); ++completedTasks; } catch(RuntimeException ex) { if (!ran) afterExecute(task, ex); // Else the exception occurred within // afterExecute itself in which case we don't // want to call it again. throw ex; } } finally { runLock.unlock(); } }
请注意task.run(); 这句, 这儿并没有启动线程 而是简单的调用了一个普通对象的一个方法
从多线程设计的角度来讲,jdk5中的线程池应该是基于worker模式的。下一节将对worker模式进行介绍,以加深对jdk5中多线程编程的理解。