Direct3D 简介
首先 Direct3DCreate9 创建IDirect3D9 对象，这个方法是对Com 创建对象封装，封装套间初始化，类厂创建，IDirect3D9 对象创建为一体。所以使用了这个API，那么就直接Ok。
然后在创建LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 对象，IDirect3D9 的CreateDevice来创建。
有了这个对象之后，就可以画图了，当然必须在g_pD3DDevice->BeginScene(); 和 g_pD3DDevice->EndScene(); 之间，因为这样相当于Gdi中的BeginPaitDC ，就是准备，同样，EndScene 表示画完毕了，
最后，将画好的图片贴出去g_pD3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1. 我们看看如何获得IDirect3D9 对象和设备对象
HRESULT Init3D(HWND hWnd)
{
if ( NULL == g_pD3D )
{
g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
}
if (NULL == g_pD3D )
{
return E_FAIL;
}
D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm;
FillMemory(&d3ddm, sizeof(D3DDISPLAYMODE), 0);
if (FAILED(g_pD3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpm;
FillMemory(&d3dpm, sizeof(D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS), 0);
d3dpm.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpm.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpm.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format;
if (FAILED(g_pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
hWnd,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpm,
&g_pD3DDevice)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
if ( NULL == g_pD3DDevice )
{
return E_FAIL;
}
return S_OK;
}
那么画图部分
void Render()
{
#define D3DFVF_MYVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
g_pD3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 128, 0), 1.0f, 0);
g_pD3DDevice->BeginScene();
// draw here
g_pD3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pD3DVBuffer, 0, sizeof(DrawVertex));
g_pD3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_MYVERTEX);
g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1);
g_pD3DDevice->EndScene();
g_pD3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
// direct3d1.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "direct3d1.h"
#include <d3d9.h>
//#include <D3dx9core.h>
//#include <d3d10.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "D3D9.lib")
//#pragma comment(lib,"D3dx9.lib")
#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
// Global Variables:
HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance
TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text
TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // the main window class name
LPDIRECT3D9 g_pD3D = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 g_pD3DDevice = NULL;
IDirect3DVertexBuffer9* g_pD3DVBuffer = NULL;
// Forward declarations of functions included in this code module:
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HRESULT Init3D(HWND hWnd);
void Render( void );
void Term3D( void );
INT DoMSGLoop( void );
HRESULT InitVertexBuffer();
int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPTSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
// TODO: Place code here.
//MSG msg;
HACCEL hAccelTable;
INT ExitCode = 0;
// Initialize global strings
LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
LoadString(hInstance, IDC_DIRECT3D1, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
// Perform application initialization:
if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
{
return FALSE;
}
hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_DIRECT3D1));
// Main message loop:
// while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
// {
// if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
// {
// TranslateMessage(&msg);
// DispatchMessage(&msg);
// }
// }
ExitCode = DoMSGLoop();
Term3D();
return ExitCode;
}
//
// FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass()
//
// PURPOSE: Registers the window class.
//
// COMMENTS:
//
// This function and its usage are only necessary if you want this code
// to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx'
// function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function
// so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated
// with it.
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_DIRECT3D1));
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_DIRECT3D1);
wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass;
wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));
return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}
//
// FUNCTION: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
// PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window
//
// COMMENTS:
//
// In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and
// create and display the main program window.
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
HWND hWnd;
hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable
hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!hWnd)
{
return FALSE;
}
if (FAILED(Init3D(hWnd)))
{
DestroyWindow(hWnd);
return FALSE;
}
InitVertexBuffer();
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
//
// FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
// PURPOSE: Processes messages for the main window.
//
// WM_COMMAND - process the application menu
// WM_PAINT - Paint the main window
// WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
int wmId, wmEvent;
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc;
switch (message)
{
case WM_COMMAND:
wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);
// Parse the menu selections:
switch (wmId)
{
case IDM_ABOUT:
DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
break;
case IDM_EXIT:
DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
break;
// case WM_PAINT:
// hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// // TODO: Add any drawing code here...
// EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
// Message handler for about box.
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
switch (message)
{
case WM_INITDIALOG:
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
case WM_COMMAND:
if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
{
EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
}
break;
}
return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}
HRESULT Init3D(HWND hWnd)
{
if ( NULL == g_pD3D )
{
g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
}
if (NULL == g_pD3D )
{
return E_FAIL;
}
D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm;
FillMemory(&d3ddm, sizeof(D3DDISPLAYMODE), 0);
if (FAILED(g_pD3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpm;
FillMemory(&d3dpm, sizeof(D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS), 0);
d3dpm.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpm.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpm.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format;
if (FAILED(g_pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
hWnd,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpm,
&g_pD3DDevice)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
if ( NULL == g_pD3DDevice )
{
return E_FAIL;
}
return S_OK;
}
INT DoMSGLoop()
{
BOOL bMsg = FALSE;
MSG msg;
PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_NOREMOVE);
while (msg.message != WM_QUIT)
{
bMsg = PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE);
if (bMsg)
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
Render();
}
}
return (INT)msg.wParam;
}
struct DrawVertex
{
FLOAT x, y, z, rhw;
DWORD colour;
};
void Render()
{
#define D3DFVF_MYVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
g_pD3DDevice->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 128, 0), 1.0f, 0);
g_pD3DDevice->BeginScene();
// draw here
g_pD3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pD3DVBuffer, 0, sizeof(DrawVertex));
g_pD3DDevice->SetFVF(D3DFVF_MYVERTEX);
g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST, 0, 1);
g_pD3DDevice->EndScene();
g_pD3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
void Term3D()
{
if (g_pD3DDevice != NULL)
{
g_pD3DDevice->Release();
g_pD3DDevice = NULL;
}
if (g_pD3D != NULL)
{
g_pD3D->Release();
g_pD3D = NULL;
}
}
HRESULT InitVertexBuffer()
{
#define D3DFVF_MYVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
LPVOID pV = NULL;
DrawVertex aVertex[] =
{
{450.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 255) },
{600.0f, 300.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 0) },
{300.0f, 300.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 0) }
};
UINT nSize = 3 * sizeof(DrawVertex);
if(FAILED(g_pD3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(nSize,
D3DUSAGE_SOFTWAREPROCESSING,
D3DFVF_MYVERTEX,
D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,
&g_pD3DVBuffer,
NULL)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
if(FAILED(g_pD3DVBuffer->Lock(0, nSize, &pV, 0)))
{
return E_FAIL;
}
MoveMemory(pV, aVertex, nSize);
g_pD3DVBuffer->Unlock();
return S_OK;
}
效果图如下：
