(1)先安装cmake(mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的)
[root@ rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@ rhel5 local]#cd cmake-2.8.4
[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#./configure
[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make
[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]#make install
(2)创建mysql的安装目录及数据库存放目录
[root@ rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql //安装mysql
[root@ rhel5~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data //存放数据库
(3)创建mysql用户及用户组
[root@ rhel5~]groupadd mysql
[root@ rhel5~]useradd -r -g mysql mysql
(4)安装mysql
[root@ rhel5 local]#tar -zxv -f mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz
[root@ rhel5 local]#cd mysql-5.5.10
[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#cmake .
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make
[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]#make install
参数说明:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //数据库存放目录
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据
注意事项:
重新编译时,需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。
# make clean
# rm -f CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
注意 如果出错 Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH) ,操作如下:
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.11]# yum install ncurses-devel
Warning: Bison executable not found in PATH
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /software/mysql-5.5.11
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.11]# yum install bison
2.配置
(1)设置目录权限
[root@ rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# chown -R root:mysql . //把当前目录中所有文件的所有者所有者设为root,所属组为mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
(2)
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
(3)创建系统数据库的表
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
(4)设置环境变量
[root@ rhel5~]# vi /root/.bash_profile
在PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin添加参数为:
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@ rhel5~]#source /root/.bash_profile
(5)手动启动mysql
[root@ rhel5~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & //启动MySQL,但不能停止
启动日志写在此文件下:/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err
关闭MySQL服务
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown //这里MySQL的root用户还没有配置密码,所以为空值。需要输入密码时,直接点回车键即可。
(6)另一种简单的启动mysql的方法(mysql已经被添加到系统服务中)
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server start
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server stop
[root@ rhel5~]# service mysql.server restart
如果上述命令出现:mysql.server 未识别的服务
则可能mysql还没添加到系统服务中,下面用另一种方法添加:
[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql //将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中
注意:主要是将mysql.server拷贝到/etc/init.d中,命名为mysql。在有的系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中,而本系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。
然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。
如果
MySql提示:The server quit without updating PID file(…)失败
1、
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
2、检查 mysql mysql/data 目前权限
(7)修改MySQL的test用户的密码以及打开远程连接
[root@ rhel5~]# mysql -u root mysql
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO test@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "123456"; //为test添加远程连接的能力。
//修改密码
mysql>update user set Password = password('xxxxxx') where User='test';
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user where User='test';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
重新登录:mysql -u root -p
若还不能进行远程连接,则关闭防火墙
[root@ rhel5~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop
注:如果不能远程连接,出现错误mysql error number 1130,则加入下面语句试试:
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '******' WITH GRANT OPTION
CREATE DATABASE `test` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci
CREATE USER 'test'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
grant all privileges on bda.* to 'bda'@'localhost' identified by 'bda';
flush privileges;
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /home/mysql/var/mysql.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
basedir = /home/mysql
datadir = /home/mysql/data
port = 3306
socket = /home/mysql/var/mysql.sock
#/tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 8
default-character=utf8 #要加上的
log-error=/home/mysql/var/error.log # 要加