httpclient4.2实例

HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。在Android系统中内置了HttpClient。 

http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/index.html 

版本：httpclient-4.2.jar 

1、基本请求 

Java代码  

1. //创建一个客户端  

2. HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  

3.   

4. //创建一个get方法  

5. HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");  

6.   

7. //执行请求  

8. HttpResponse res = client.execute(get);  

9.   

10. //获取协议版本・・・「HTTP/1.1」  

11. System.out.println(res.getProtocolVersion());  

12. //获取返回状态码・・・「200」  

13. System.out.println(res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());  

14. //获取原因短语・・・「OK」  

15. System.out.println(res.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());  

16. //获取完整的StatusLine・・・「HTTP/1.1 200 OK」  

17. System.out.println(res.getStatusLine().toString());  

18.   

19. //获取返回头部信息  

20. Header[] headers = res.getAllHeaders();  

21. for (Header header : headers) {  

22.     System.out.println(header.getName() + ": " + header.getValue());  

23. }  

24.   

25. //获取返回内容  

26. if (res.getEntity() != null) {  

27.     System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity()));  

28. }  

29.   

30. //关闭流  

31. EntityUtils.consume(res.getEntity());  

32.   

33. //关闭连接  

34. client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();  

2、操作Cookie 

Java代码  

1. //生成Cookie  

2. CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();  

3. BasicClientCookie stdCookie = new BasicClientCookie("name", "value");  

4. stdCookie.setVersion(1);  

5. stdCookie.setDomain(".baidu.com");  

6. stdCookie.setPath("/");  

7. stdCookie.setSecure(true);  

8. stdCookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.VERSION_ATTR, "1");  

9. stdCookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.DOMAIN_ATTR, ".baidu.com");  

10. cookieStore.addCookie(stdCookie);  

11.   

12. DefaultHttpClient client1 = new DefaultHttpClient();  

13. client1.setCookieStore(cookieStore);  

14.   

15. client1.execute(new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/"));  

16.   

17. //获取Cookie  

18. DefaultHttpClient client2 = new DefaultHttpClient();  

19. HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");  

20.   

21. HttpResponse res = client2.execute(httpget);  

22.   

23. List<Cookie> cookies = client2.getCookieStore().getCookies();  

24. for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {  

25.     System.out.println(cookie.getName());  

26.     System.out.println(cookie.getValue());  

27. }  

28.   

29. EntityUtils.consume(res.getEntity());  

3、设置代理 

Java代码  

1. //通过连接参数设置代理  

2. DefaultHttpClient client1 = new DefaultHttpClient();  

3.   

4. HttpHost proxy1 = new HttpHost("192.168.2.60", 8080, "HTTP");  

5. client1.getParams().setParameter(ConnRoutePNames.DEFAULT_PROXY, proxy1);  

6.   

7. HttpGet get1 = new HttpGet("http://www.facebook.com");  

8. HttpResponse res1 = client1.execute(get1);  

9. if (res1.getEntity() != null) {  

10.     System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(res1.getEntity()));  

11. }         

12. EntityUtils.consume(res1.getEntity());  

13.   

14. //设置代理认证  

15. //client1.getCredentialsProvider().setCredentials(  

16. //        new AuthScope("localhost", 8080),  

17. //        new UsernamePasswordCredentials("username", "password"));  

4、POST数据 

Java代码  

1. //========UrlEncodedFormEntity  

2. List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  

3. formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param1", "value1"));  

4. formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param2", "value2"));  

5. UrlEncodedFormEntity entity1 = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");  

6.   

7. HttpPost post1 = new HttpPost("http://localhost/post1.do");  

8. post1.setEntity(entity1);  

9.   

10. new DefaultHttpClient().execute(post1);  

11.   

12. //========FileEntity  

13. FileEntity entity2 = new FileEntity(new File("c:\\sample.txt"));  

14. entity2.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");  

15.   

16. HttpPost post2 = new HttpPost("http://localhost/post2.do");  

17. post2.setEntity(entity2);  

18.   

19. new DefaultHttpClient().execute(post2);  

20.   

21. //========MultipartEntity  

22. HttpPost post3 = new HttpPost("http://localhost/post3.do");  

23. File upfile = new File("C:\\test.jpg");  

24. MultipartEntity entity3 = new MultipartEntity(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE, null, Charset.forName("UTF-8"));  

25. entity3.addPart("file_name",     new StringBody(upfile.getName()));  

26. entity3.addPart("file_contents", new FileBody(upfile));  

27. post3.setEntity(entity3);  

28.   

29. new DefaultHttpClient().execute(post3);  

5、URI构建 

Java代码  

1. //方法一  

2. URI uri1 = URIUtils.createURI("http", "www.baidu.com", -1, "/s",  

3.         "wd=rensanning&rsv_bp=0&rsv_spt=3&inputT=1766", null);  

4. HttpGet httpget1 = new HttpGet(uri1);  

5.   

6. //http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=rensanning&rsv_bp=0&rsv_spt=3&inputT=1766  

7. System.out.println(httpget1.getURI());  

8.   

9. //方法二  

10. List<NameValuePair> qparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  

11. qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("wd", "rensanning"));  

12. qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("rsv_bp", "0"));  

13. qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("rsv_spt", "3"));  

14. qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("inputT", "1766"));  

15.   

16. URI uri2 = URIUtils.createURI("http", "www.baidu.com", -1, "/s",  

17.         URLEncodedUtils.format(qparams, "UTF-8"), null);  

18. HttpGet httpget2 = new HttpGet(uri2);  

19.   

20. //http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=rensanning&rsv_bp=0&rsv_spt=3&inputT=1766  

21. System.out.println(httpget2.getURI());  

6、使用Scheme 

Java代码  

1. DefaultHttpClient  httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();  

2.   

3. //========将Scheme设置到client中  

4. SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = SSLSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();  

5.   

6. Scheme httpsScheme = new Scheme("https", 443, socketFactory);  

7. httpclient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(httpsScheme);  

8.   

9. HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://xxx.xxx.xxx");  

10. HttpResponse res =  httpclient.execute(httpget);  

11.   

12. System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity()));  

13.   

14. //========使用证书做SSL连接  

15. KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());  

16. FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("c:\\aa.keystore");  

17. try {  

18.     keyStore.load(fis, "password".toCharArray());  

19. } finally {  

20.     fis.close();  

21. }  

22.   

23. @SuppressWarnings("unused")  

24. SSLSocketFactory socketFactory2 = new SSLSocketFactory(keyStore);  

25. //......  

7、认证 

Java代码  

1. //========BASIC认证  

2. DefaultHttpClient httpclient1 = new DefaultHttpClient();  

3.   

4. UsernamePasswordCredentials creds1 = new UsernamePasswordCredentials("userid", "password");  

5. AuthScope auth1 = new AuthScope("localhost", 80);  

6.   

7. httpclient1.getCredentialsProvider().setCredentials(auth1, creds1);  

8.   

9. HttpGet httpget1 = new HttpGet("http://localhost/auth1");  

10.   

11. @SuppressWarnings("unused")  

12. HttpResponse res1 =  httpclient1.execute(httpget1);  

13.   

14. //========BASIC认证(HttpContext)  

15. DefaultHttpClient httpclient2 = new DefaultHttpClient();  

16.   

17. UsernamePasswordCredentials creds2 = new UsernamePasswordCredentials("admin", "admin");  

18. AuthScope auth2 = new AuthScope("localhost", 80);  

19.   

20. httpclient2.getCredentialsProvider().setCredentials(auth2, creds2);  

21.   

22. HttpHost targetHost2 = new HttpHost("localhost", 80, "http");  

23.   

24. AuthCache authCache = new BasicAuthCache();  

25. BasicScheme basicAuth = new BasicScheme();  

26. authCache.put(targetHost2, basicAuth);  

27.   

28. BasicHttpContext localcontext2 = new BasicHttpContext();  

29. localcontext2.setAttribute(ClientContext.AUTH_CACHE, authCache);  

30.   

31. HttpGet httpget2 = new HttpGet("http://localhost/auth2");  

32.   

33. @SuppressWarnings("unused")  

34. HttpResponse res2 =  httpclient2.execute(httpget2, localcontext2);  

35.   

36. //========DIGEST认证  

37. DefaultHttpClient httpclient3 = new DefaultHttpClient();  

38.   

39. UsernamePasswordCredentials creds3 = new UsernamePasswordCredentials("admin", "admin");  

40. AuthScope auth3 = new AuthScope("localhost", 80);  

41.   

42. httpclient3.getCredentialsProvider().setCredentials(auth3, creds3);  

43.   

44. HttpHost targetHost3 = new HttpHost("localhost", 80, "http");  

45.   

46. AuthCache authCache3 = new BasicAuthCache();  

47. DigestScheme digestAuth = new DigestScheme();  

48. digestAuth.overrideParamter("realm", "some realm");  

49. digestAuth.overrideParamter("nonce", "whatever");  

50. authCache3.put(targetHost3, digestAuth);  

51.   

52. BasicHttpContext localcontext3 = new BasicHttpContext();  

53. localcontext3.setAttribute(ClientContext.AUTH_CACHE, authCache3);  

54.   

55. HttpGet httpget3 = new HttpGet("http://localhost/auth3");  

56.   

57. @SuppressWarnings("unused")  

58. HttpResponse res3 =  httpclient2.execute(httpget3, localcontext3);  

59.   

60. //========NTLM认证  

61. DefaultHttpClient httpclient4 = new DefaultHttpClient();  

62.   

63. NTCredentials creds4 = new NTCredentials("user", "pwd", "myworkstation", "microsoft.com");  

64.   

65. httpclient4.getCredentialsProvider().setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, creds4);  

66.   

67. HttpHost targetHost4 = new HttpHost("hostname", 80, "http");  

68.   

69. HttpContext localcontext4 = new BasicHttpContext();  

70.   

71. HttpGet httpget4 = new HttpGet("http://localhost/auth4");  

72.   

73. @SuppressWarnings("unused")  

74. HttpResponse res4 = httpclient3.execute(targetHost4, httpget4, localcontext4);  

8、连接池 

Java代码  

1. SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry = new SchemeRegistry();  

2. schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme("http", 80, PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory()));  

3. schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme("https", 443, SSLSocketFactory.getSocketFactory()));  

4.   

5. PoolingClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingClientConnectionManager(schemeRegistry);  

6. //设置连接最大数  

7. cm.setMaxTotal(200);  

8. //设置每个Route的连接最大数  

9. cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(20);  

10. //设置指定域的连接最大数  

11. HttpHost localhost = new HttpHost("locahost", 80);  

12. cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(localhost), 50);  

13.   

14. HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://localhost/pool");  

15.   

16. HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(cm);  

17.   

18. @SuppressWarnings("unused")  

19. HttpResponse res = client.execute(httpget);