Windows下使用UIAutomation技术遍历桌面窗口和指定窗口内容的AutomationWalker.exe的C#源代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Automation;
//引用"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.6.1\UIAutomationClient.dll"
//引用"C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.6.1\UIAutomationTypes.dll"

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void WalkElement(AutomationElement element, TreeWalker walker, int depth, int limit)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{new string(' ', depth * 2)}" + $"\"{element.Current.Name}\"");
            if (limit>0 && depth>=limit) return;
            AutomationElement child = walker.GetFirstChild(element);
            while (child != null)
            {
                WalkElement(child, walker, depth + 1, limit);
                child = walker.GetNextSibling(child);
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            if (args.Length < 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Usage: AutomationWalker \"window_title\"|desktop");
                return;
            } else if (args[0]=="desktop")
            {
                try
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Walker desktop begin ...");
                    //Get the destkop element
                    AutomationElement elemDesktop = AutomationElement.RootElement;
                    TreeWalker walker = TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker;
                    WalkElement(elemDesktop, walker, 0, 1);
                    Console.WriteLine("... Walker desktop end.");
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Walker desktop error!");
                }
                return;
            }
            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Walker begin ...");
                //Get the destkop element
                AutomationElement elemDesktop = AutomationElement.RootElement;

                //Search the Application main window by title from all children
                PropertyCondition pCondition = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, args[0]);
                AutomationElementCollection elemApplicationWindows = elemDesktop.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, pCondition);
                Console.WriteLine("elemApplicationWindows.Count:" + elemApplicationWindows.Count);
                for (int i = 0; i < elemApplicationWindows.Count; i++)
                {
                    TreeWalker walker = TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker;
                    WalkElement(elemApplicationWindows[i], walker, 0, 0);

                }
                Console.WriteLine("... Walker end.");
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Walker error!");
            }

        }
    }
}

将以上代码放在C#控制台项目中，生成AutomationWalker.exe

用法：

在cmd窗口中输入命令

AutomationWalker.exe desktop

列出当前桌面上所有窗口的用双引号括住的标题，比如

Walker desktop begin ...
""
  ""
  "管理员: 命令提示符 - automationwalker  desktop"
  "新标签页 - Google Chrome"
  "dummyLayeredWnd"
  "Program Manager"
... Walker desktop end.

输入命令
 

AutomationWalker.exe "新标签页 - Google Chrome"

列出窗口"新标签页 - Google Chrome"的内容。

当你想要提取某个窗口的文本内容时，使用AutomationWalker会很方便。