Make + OpenOCD 完成STM32构建+烧录

目录

前言

准备工作

开始操作

后记

---

前言

       前两篇通过VSCode+STM32CubeMx跑通了用EIDE构建+烧录。为今天的工作打下了非常棒的基础！今天来尝试手动构建+烧录。

准备工作

• 安装Make，我这次用的是Win10，所以需要安装一个新朋友 msys2 ，用这个装Make

pacman -Syu
pacman -S make

• 准备好makefile文件，为啥用STM32CubeMx，一是生成基础代码，二就是能自动生成这个文件啦，就改了个BUILD_DIR，其他一点都没动，很奇怪它自动生成的并没有把所有的文件引入（参看<真.从“零”搞 VSCode+STM32CubeMx+C ＜1＞构建>，需要手动例外几个文件）

##########################################################################################################################
# File automatically-generated by tool: [projectgenerator] version: [4.6.0-B36] date: [Thu Apr 24 16:21:06 CST 2025]
##########################################################################################################################

# ------------------------------------------------
# Generic Makefile (based on gcc)
#
# ChangeLog :
#	2017-02-10 - Several enhancements + project update mode
#   2015-07-22 - first version
# ------------------------------------------------

######################################
# target
######################################
TARGET = HelloStm32


######################################
# building variables
######################################
# debug build?
DEBUG = 1
# optimization
OPT = -Og


#######################################
# paths
#######################################
# Build path
BUILD_DIR = build_mk

######################################
# source
######################################
# C sources
C_SOURCES =  \
Core/Src/main.c \
Core/Src/stm32f1xx_it.c \
Core/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_exti.c \
Core/Src/system_stm32f1xx.c  

# ASM sources
ASM_SOURCES =  \
startup_stm32f103xb.s

# ASM sources
ASMM_SOURCES = 


#######################################
# binaries
#######################################
PREFIX = arm-none-eabi-
# The gcc compiler bin path can be either defined in make command via GCC_PATH variable (> make GCC_PATH=xxx)
# either it can be added to the PATH environment variable.
ifdef GCC_PATH
CC = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)size
else
CC = $(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(PREFIX)size
endif
HEX = $(CP) -O ihex
BIN = $(CP) -O binary -S
 
#######################################
# CFLAGS
#######################################
# cpu
CPU = -mcpu=cortex-m3

# fpu
# NONE for Cortex-M0/M0+/M3

# float-abi


# mcu
MCU = $(CPU) -mthumb $(FPU) $(FLOAT-ABI)

# macros for gcc
# AS defines
AS_DEFS = 

# C defines
C_DEFS =  \
-DUSE_HAL_DRIVER \
-DSTM32F103xB


# AS includes
AS_INCLUDES = 

# C includes
C_INCLUDES =  \
-ICore/Inc \
-IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy \
-IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include


# compile gcc flags
ASFLAGS = $(MCU) $(AS_DEFS) $(AS_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

CFLAGS += $(MCU) $(C_DEFS) $(C_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)
CFLAGS += -g -gdwarf-2
endif


# Generate dependency information
CFLAGS += -MMD -MP -MF"$(@:%.o=%.d)"


#######################################
# LDFLAGS
#######################################
# link script
LDSCRIPT = STM32F103XX_FLASH.ld

# libraries
LIBS = -lc -lm -lnosys 
LIBDIR = 
LDFLAGS = $(MCU) -specs=nano.specs -T$(LDSCRIPT) $(LIBDIR) $(LIBS) -Wl,-Map=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections

# default action: build all
all: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).hex $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).bin


#######################################
# build the application
#######################################
# list of objects
OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(C_SOURCES:.c=.o)))
vpath %.c $(sort $(dir $(C_SOURCES)))
# list of ASM program objects
OBJECTS += $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(ASM_SOURCES:.s=.o)))
vpath %.s $(sort $(dir $(ASM_SOURCES)))
OBJECTS += $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(ASMM_SOURCES:.S=.o)))
vpath %.S $(sort $(dir $(ASMM_SOURCES)))

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.c Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR) 
	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(notdir $(<:.c=.lst)) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.s Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
	$(AS) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.S Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
	$(AS) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS) Makefile
	$(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
	$(SZ) $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.hex: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
	$(HEX) $< $@
	
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.bin: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
	$(BIN) $< $@	
	
$(BUILD_DIR):
	mkdir $@		

#######################################
# clean up
#######################################
clean:
	-rm -fR $(BUILD_DIR)
  
#######################################
# dependencies
#######################################
-include $(wildcard $(BUILD_DIR)/*.d)

# *** EOF ***

开始今天的菜系

• 进入到项目根目录，直接make，可以看到最后生成了HelloStm32.bin

PS D:\A_WorkPlaces\C\NewProject1> make

arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/main.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/main.lst Core/Src/main.c -o build_mk/main.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_it.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_it.lst Core/Src/stm32f1xx_it.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_it.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.lst Core/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.lst Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/IL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_exti.c -o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_exti.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/system_stm32f1xx.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build_mk/system_stm32f1xx.lst Core/Src/system_stm32f1xx.c -o build_mk/system_stm32f1xx.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc -x assembler-with-cpp -c -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F103xB -ICore/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build_mk/startup_stm32f103xb.d" startup_stm32f103xb.s -o build_mk/startup_stm32f103xb.o
arm-none-eabi-gcc build_mk/main.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_it.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.o build_mk/stm32f1xx_hal_exti.o build_mk/system_stm32f1xx.o build_mk/startup_stm32f103xb.o  -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb   -specs=nano.specs -TSTM32F103XX_FLASH.ld  -lc -lm -lnosys  -Wl,-Map=build_mk/HelloStm32.map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections -o build_mk/HelloStm32.elf
   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
   3400      20    1572    4992    1380 build_mk/HelloStm32.elf
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex build_mk/HelloStm32.elf build_mk/HelloStm32.hex
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary -S build_mk/HelloStm32.elf build_mk/HelloStm32.bin

• 继续执行烧录命令，这里有个小插曲，需要指定下Flash基地址 0x08000000

PS D:\A_WorkPlaces\C\NewProject1> openocd -s . -f interface/cmsis-dap.cfg -f target/stm32f1x.cfg   -c "program build_mk/HelloStm32.bin 0x08000000 verify reset exit"

xPack Open On-Chip Debugger 0.12.0+dev-01850-geb6f2745b-dirty (2025-02-07-10:08)
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
        http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
Info : auto-selecting first available session transport "swd". To override use 'transport select '.
Info : CMSIS-DAP: SWD supported
Info : CMSIS-DAP: SWO-UART supported
Info : CMSIS-DAP: Atomic commands supported
Info : CMSIS-DAP: FW Version = 0253
Info : CMSIS-DAP: Serial# = 07000001005200534b0000084e593433a5a5a5a597969908
Info : CMSIS-DAP: Interface Initialised (SWD)
Info : SWCLK/TCK = 1 SWDIO/TMS = 1 TDI = 0 TDO = 0 nTRST = 0 nRESET = 1
Info : CMSIS-DAP: Interface ready
Info : clock speed 1000 kHz
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x1ba01477
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Cortex-M3 r1p1 processor detected
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] target has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpoints
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Examination succeed
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] starting gdb server on 3333
Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections
[stm32f1x.cpu] halted due to breakpoint, current mode: Thread
xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0x08000c68 msp: 0x20005000
** Programming Started **
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x1ba01477
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Cortex-M3 r1p1 processor detected
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] target has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpoints
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Examination succeed
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] starting gdb server on 3333
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x1ba01477
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Cortex-M3 r1p1 processor detected
Info : SWD DPIDR 0x1ba01477
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Cortex-M3 r1p1 processor detected
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] target has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpoints
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Examination succeed
Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] starting gdb server on 3333
Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections
[stm32f1x.cpu] halted due to breakpoint, current mode: Thread
xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0x08000c68 msp: 0x20005000
** Programming Started **
Info : device id = 0x20036410
Info : flash size = 64 KiB
Warn : Adding extra erase range, 0x08000d2c .. 0x08000fff
** Programming Finished **
** Verify Started **
** Verified OK **
** Resetting Target **
shutdown command invoked

后记

      今天比较顺利，接下来就要用到实战中啦。还可以继续把之前的openMV、Lvgl的坑尝试填一下，另外就是尝试把其他几个型号的STM32的板子，都打成可运行Micropython的固件包。不过makefile还是有必要再搞懂一些，还有CMAKE。