《走进科学》灵异事件：Nginx配置改了之后一直报错

想要安装WoWSimpleRegistration，就定下来要用nginx+php8 ，结果nginx那里加上php的支持之后一直报错：

$ sudo service nginx restart
Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xeu nginx.service" for details.

最灵异的地方就是：将配置恢复成今天修改之前的，还是同样的报错。简直是《走进科学》IT版。

当然用sudo systemctl status nginx.service看，报错还是不一样的。

自己写php配置后的报错：

× nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Thu 2024-02-08 07:53:31 UTC; 11s ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
    Process: 47195 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
        CPU: 28ms

Feb 08 07:53:31 ub systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
Feb 08 07:53:31 ub nginx[47195]: nginx: [emerg] unexpected end of file, expecting ";" or "}" in /etc/nginx/conf.d/wow>
Feb 08 07:53:31 ub nginx[47195]: nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
Feb 08 07:53:31 ub systemd[1]: nginx.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Feb 08 07:53:31 ub systemd[1]: nginx.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Feb 08 07:53:31 ub systemd[1]: Failed to start A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.

现在恢复配置之后的报错：

× nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Thu 2024-02-08 06:33:07 UTC; 1h 9min ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
    Process: 29162 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 29163 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
        CPU: 86ms

Feb 08 06:33:05 ub nginx[29163]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Unknown error)
Feb 08 06:33:05 ub nginx[29163]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Unknown error)
Feb 08 06:33:06 ub nginx[29163]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Unknown error)
Feb 08 06:33:06 ub nginx[29163]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Unknown error)
Feb 08 06:33:06 ub nginx[29163]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Unknown error)
Feb 08 06:33:06 ub nginx[29163]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to [::]:80 failed (98: Unknown error)
Feb 08 06:33:07 ub nginx[29163]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
Feb 08 06:33:07 ub systemd[1]: nginx.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Feb 08 06:33:07 ub systemd[1]: nginx.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Feb 08 06:33:07 ub systemd[1]: Failed to start A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.

这样就看明白了，是80端口绑定报错。然后脑子突然在线了，是不是今天调试的时候，把apache安装上去了？ 打开本地页面http://127.0.0.1 ,果然是apache的页面。原来这就是nginx恢复配置也无法启动的原因啊！ 

把apache服务停掉：sudo systemctl stop apache2

然后再开nginx的服务：sudo service nginx restart

没有报错了！ 好，现在开始调试php吧！

再仔细看php的报错：

skywalk@ub:/etc/nginx$ journalctl -xeu nginx.service 
Feb 08 10:30:55 ub nginx[49977]: nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
Feb 08 10:30:55 ub systemd[1]: nginx.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/F>
░░ Subject: Unit process exited
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░ 
░░ An ExecStartPre= process belonging to unit nginx.service has exited.
░░ 
░░ The process' exit code is 'exited' and its exit status is 1.
Feb 08 10:30:55 ub systemd[1]: nginx.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
░░ Subject: Unit failed
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░ 
░░ The unit nginx.service has entered the 'failed' state with result 'exit-code'.
Feb 08 10:30:55 ub systemd[1]: Failed to start A high performance web server and a reverse pr>
░░ Subject: A start job for unit nginx.service has failed
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░ 
░░ A start job for unit nginx.service has finished with a failure.
░░ 
░░ The job identifier is 7021 and the job result is failed.

使用nginx -t查看：

$ sudo nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] unexpected end of file, expecting ";" or "}" in /etc/nginx/conf.d/wow.conf:18
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

定位到18行 ，但是没有问题啊，括号是成对的啊，所有的语句后面都有分号。

再仔细查看，发现最后第18行，有一个“~”字符，由于它跟vi的显示字符一样（颜色不同），误以为第18行是空行，将其删除，ok拉！

现在http服务器起来了，但是php服务还没起来。 手动写index.php 文件，结果没执行，被下载下来了

怀疑是php-fpm服务没有起来，手工起，结果失败：

sudo systemctl start php-fpm
Failed to start php-fpm.service: Unit php-fpm.service not found.

先查看apt有没有安装

$ sudo apt list |grep fpm

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

libfpm-helper0/jammy 4.2-2.3 amd64
libintelrdfpmath-dev/jammy 2.0u2-4 amd64
mono-fpm-server/jammy,jammy 4.2-2.3 all
php-fpm/jammy,jammy,now 2:8.1+92ubuntu1 all [installed]
php8.1-fpm/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14 amd64 [installed,automatic]
php8.1-fpm/jammy-updates,jammy-security 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14 i386

再查看service

$ sudo systemctl list-units --type=service | grep php
  php8.1-fpm.service                                                                        
loaded active running The PHP 8.1 FastCGI Process Manager

启动：

$ sudo systemctl start php8.1-fpm

现在php-fpm总算启动了

php8.1-fpm.service 
             │ ├─17901 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php/8.1/fpm/php-fpm.conf)
             │ ├─17904 php-fpm: pool www
             │ └─17905 php-fpm: pool www

发现这条语句没有： fastcgi_index  index.php;  

加上之后照旧，就像php没有起来一样。

比着这个来一下：

location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri = 404;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}

现在的浏览器报错是：403 Forbidden

又问了一遍文心一言，这回对该回答比较满意，只修改了域名了目录，一次过！

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name wow.airoot.org;
  
    root /var/www/;  
    index index.php index.html index.htm;
  
    location / {  
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }  
  
    location ~ \.php$ {  
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;  # 根据你的 PHP-FPM 配置修改  
        fastcgi_index index.php;  
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 
        include fastcgi_params;  
    }  
  
    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny all;  
    }  
}

现在把wow reg下载到目录，

配置好后，提示：Composer detected issues in your platform: Your Composer dependencies require a PHP version ">= 8.2.0".

当前版本：PHP 8.1.2

升级到8.2 并不太顺利，当前apt包里是没有的，网上找到的操作：

sudo dpkg -l | grep php | tee packages.txt
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php # Press enter when prompted.
sudo apt update
sudo apt install php8.2 php8.2-cli php-8.2{bz2,curl,mbstring,intl}

sudo apt install php8.2-fpm
# OR
# sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php8.2

sudo a2enconf php8.2-fpm

# When upgrading from older PHP version:
sudo a2disconf php8.1-fpm

## Remove old packages
sudo apt purge php8.1*

安装的时候提示：

CAVEATS:
1. If you are using php-gearman, you need to add ppa:ondrej/pkg-gearman
2. If you are using apache2, you are advised to add ppa:ondrej/apache2
3. If you are using nginx, you are advised to add ppa:ondrej/nginx-mainline
   or ppa:ondrej/nginx

新版本浏览器报错：

502 Bad Gateway

看/var/nginx/error.log ：

024/02/09 01:38:13 [crit] 40709#40709: *1 connect() to unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock failed (2: No such file or directory) while connecting to upstream, client: 192.168.0.107, server: wow.airoot.org, request: "GET /index.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock:", host: "wow.airoot.org"
~                                                           

是php-fpm文件没有改过来。

将conf文件中fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;修改为fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.3-fpm.sock;

报错没有文件：

启动php8.3-fpm ：

sudo systemctl start php8.3-fpm

这时候打开http://wow.airoot.org/html/index.php页面是空白,源代码里空。

这样估计有点正常了。将php的测试文件test.php

放入根目录，测试通过.

查看WoWSimpleRegistration手册：

• Fulfill the above prerequisites on your server.

• Obtain the project files:

  • Download and unzip the project, or clone it using Git:

    git clone https://github.com/masterking32/WoWSimpleRegistration
    

• Navigate to the application/config/ directory and rename the file config.php.sample to config.php.

• Edit the newly renamed config.php file, inserting your server details. Note that if using the "Image Captcha" feature, PHP's GD2 module must be enabled.

• Once configuration is complete, your registration page should be operational.

下面配置文件就行了。