【最全】you-get和youtube-dl的安装和使用

一、ffmpeg、you-get、youtube-dl简介

直接在github上搜索这些项目也可以查看简介、下载等。

you-get:
  You-Get 是一个小型命令行实用程序，用于从 Web 下载媒体内容（视频、音频、图像）。
youtube-dl:
  youtube-dl 是一款基于 Python 的小型命令行工具，允许从 YouTube、Dailymotion、Google Video、Photobucket、Facebook、Yahoo、Metacafe、Depositfiles、Bilibili 和类似网站下载视频。 它是用 pygtk 编写的，需要 Python 解释器来运行，它不受平台限制，可以在任何 GNU/Linux、Windows 或 macOS 系统上运行。
  youtube-dl 还允许选择特定的可用视频质量格式进行下载，或让程序本身自动从网站下载更高质量的视频。它还支持特定的播放列表下载，在下载的视频文件中添加自定义或原始标题的选项，并支持proxy等。
ffmpeg:
  FFmpeg 是处理多媒体内容（例如音频、视频、字幕和相关元数据）的库和工具的集合。FFmpeg 是处理多媒体内容（例如音频、视频、字幕和相关元数据）的库和工具的集合。

在这里使用ffmpeg的原因是：you-get和youtube-dl下载的内容可能是音视频分开下载的（某些分辨率或者某些站点），用视频剪辑软件合并又要浪费一定的时间，而安装ffmpeg之后，则可以自动合并（merge）。

二、ffmpeg、you-get、youtube-dl安装

2.1 安装

1. 直接在github上搜索，安装项目里面的说明下载安装。通常是使用pip或者conda来安装。
2. 下载exe版本，我已经放在我的仓库里面了（也可以github或者gitee上搜索下载）。

下载链接。

2.2 配置

配置很简单，添加到环境变量(Path)就可以了。
其中，ffmpeg不是单独的可执行文件，把文件夹中的bin文件夹添加到环境变量就可以了。
如下是我的设置：

配置好之后，在命令行即可使用对应命令：

三、you-get使用

详细的使用见文章：You-get && FFmpeg，由于某种原因，翻译成英文才发布成功，不过不难读懂。

在这里，我使用python脚本的方式演示youtube视频的下载（需要proxy）。

代码：

# -*- coding = utf-8 -*-
# @TIME : 2022/10/24 下午 4:02
# @Author : CQUPTLei
# @File : YouTube_download.py.py
# @Softeare : PyCharm

import time
import os
from you_get import common

'''
默认参数
'''
#视频链接
v_url = 'https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1JF411L7zw?spm_id_from=333.851.b_7265636f6d6d656e64.5'
#保存格式
v_format = 'dash-flv'
#保存路径
save_dir = 'D:\Python_Study\File_Save\IU'

#提示信息打印函数
#'\033[5;36m' 用来设置输出内容的字体颜色和背景颜色
def LOG(info):
    print('\033[5;36m' + 'You-get: ' + time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',
        time.localtime(time.time())) + ' '+info + '\033[0m')

#设置要下载的视频连接
LOG("输入要下载的视频链接：")
url=input("URL:")
if url=='':
    pass
else:
    v_url=url.replace('&','"&"')
    #print(v_url)
    #v_url=url

#设置代理,默认不设置
#也可以在pycharm设置中设置（proxy）
# LOG("是否需要设置代理下载（y/n）？")
# proxy=input()
# if proxy=='y':
#     common.set_http_proxy(input("请输入代理服务器和端口，例如：127.0.0.1:1080"))
# elif proxy=='':
#     pass
#或者直接设置
# common.set_http_proxy('127.0.0.1:7890')

#打印输出可供选择的清晰度
LOG("正在加载可供下载的清晰度...")
if input()=='':
    pass
os.system('you-get -i '+v_url)

#选择清晰度默认MP4最高画质
LOG("请输入你要下载的清晰度（默认dash-flv）：")
quality=input("format select:")
if quality=='':
   pass
else:
    v_format=quality

#设置保存路径，默认为D:\Python_Study\File_Save
LOG("请设置保存路径(默认路径为：D:\Python_Study\File_Save)")
path=input("save path:")
if path=='':
    pass
else:
    save_dir=path

#根据设置的参数进行下载
LOG("开始下载...")
common.any_download(url=v_url,stream_id=v_format,info_only=False,output_dir=save_dir,merge=True)
LOG("下载完毕")

效果：
视频地址： [IU] Blueming Live Clip (2019 IU Tour Concert ‘Love, poem’)

ffmpeg自动运行：

保存下来的视频：

四、youtube-dl使用

4.1 常用选项

● 获取视频格式列表

youtube-dl -F URL

●下载指定格式（format）视频

youtube-dl -f format URL 

format可以使用上面列出的，也可以：
best 选择最佳质量的音/视频文件 worst 选择质量最差的格式（视频和音频）
bestvideo 选择最佳质量的仅视频格式（例如DASH视频），可能无法使用。
worstvideo选择质量最差的纯视频格式，可能无法使用。
bestaudio 选择最优质的音频格式，可能无法使用。
worstaudio 选择质量最差的音频格式，可能无法使用。

还可以这样组合：

youtube-dl -f bestvideo+bestaudio URL

如果要分开下载把“+”改成“，”即可。

●保存到指定位置

不支持直接指定输出位置，但可以采用以下方法：

1. 使用’-o’参数，同时指定输出目录和保存的文件名称。如 youtube-dl -o 'D:\Python_Study\File_Save\JayChou\name.flv' URL，如果只写了保存文件名称，则会默认保存在user目录之下，如果没有写‘-o’参数，则默认为视频标题，默认保存在user下。
2. 使用’cd’命令进入到文件保存位置，再下载。

4.2 综合使用

这里写一个bat脚本演示，读者使用时注意将编码设置为ANSI。

@echo off
::olor 02
::==========================目录设置========================
::默认下载目录
:default_save_dir
set default_dir=D:\Python_Study\File_Save\test
pushd %default_dir%
echo 默认保存路径是：%cd%
set /p mode=是否需要重新设置保存目录？(y/n)
if /i %mode%==y call :set_dir
if /i %mode%==n call :download
if /i not %mode%==y if /i not %mode%==n  echo 输入有误
echo.
call :default_save_dir


::==========================下载========================
::下载视频，不点击退出则可一直在上述文件夹下下载
:download
echo.
set /p url=请输入视频URL：
set url=%url:&=^^^&%
::打印可供下载的视频格式
youtube-dl -F %url%
if errorlevel 1 goto :download
echo.
set /p code=请输入视频格式(format)：
::开始下载
youtube-dl -f %code% %url%
goto :download


::::==========================手动设置目录========================
:set_dir
echo.
set /p dir=请输入保存路径：
set dir=%dir:/=\%
::保存并切换到该目录
pushd %dir%
::比较当前路径与前面输入的路径是否一致，%cd%表示当前的绝对路径
if /i not %dir%==%cd% goto :set_dir
echo 现在的下载目录为：%cd%

效果：

可见速度比较慢。
在同一网络，同一proxy之下，使用youtube-dl的升级版yt-dlp速度很快，如下：

对于yt-dlp的介绍见后续文章。

五、附录：youtube-dl参数及说明

youtube-dl的说明内容比较多（57KB左右），直接在命令行使用youtube-dl -h命令打印显示不完整（增大缓冲区也不行），这里直接将输出重定向，保存到文本中。
命令：youtube-dl -h >C:\Users\secret\Desktop\help.txt

5.1帮助内容原文：

Usage: youtube-dl.exe [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]

Options:
  General Options:
    -h, --help                           Print this help text and exit
    --version                            Print program version and exit
    -U, --update                         Update this program to latest version.
                                         Make sure that you have sufficient
                                         permissions (run with sudo if needed)
    -i, --ignore-errors                  Continue on download errors, for
                                         example to skip unavailable videos in a
                                         playlist
    --abort-on-error                     Abort downloading of further videos (in
                                         the playlist or the command line) if an
                                         error occurs
    --dump-user-agent                    Display the current browser
                                         identification
    --list-extractors                    List all supported extractors
    --extractor-descriptions             Output descriptions of all supported
                                         extractors
    --force-generic-extractor            Force extraction to use the generic
                                         extractor
    --default-search PREFIX              Use this prefix for unqualified URLs.
                                         For example "gvsearch2:" downloads two
                                         videos from google videos for youtube-
                                         dl "large apple". Use the value "auto"
                                         to let youtube-dl guess ("auto_warning"
                                         to emit a warning when guessing).
                                         "error" just throws an error. The
                                         default value "fixup_error" repairs
                                         broken URLs, but emits an error if this
                                         is not possible instead of searching.
    --ignore-config                      Do not read configuration files. When
                                         given in the global configuration file
                                         /etc/youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the
                                         user configuration in ~/.config
                                         /youtube-dl/config (%APPDATA%/youtube-
                                         dl/config.txt on Windows)
    --config-location PATH               Location of the configuration file;
                                         either the path to the config or its
                                         containing directory.
    --flat-playlist                      Do not extract the videos of a
                                         playlist, only list them.
    --mark-watched                       Mark videos watched (YouTube only)
    --no-mark-watched                    Do not mark videos watched (YouTube
                                         only)
    --no-color                           Do not emit color codes in output

  Network Options:
    --proxy URL                          Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS
                                         proxy. To enable SOCKS proxy, specify a
                                         proper scheme. For example
                                         socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/. Pass in an
                                         empty string (--proxy "") for direct
                                         connection
    --socket-timeout SECONDS             Time to wait before giving up, in
                                         seconds
    --source-address IP                  Client-side IP address to bind to
    -4, --force-ipv4                     Make all connections via IPv4
    -6, --force-ipv6                     Make all connections via IPv6

  Geo Restriction:
    --geo-verification-proxy URL         Use this proxy to verify the IP address
                                         for some geo-restricted sites. The
                                         default proxy specified by --proxy (or
                                         none, if the option is not present) is
                                         used for the actual downloading.
    --geo-bypass                         Bypass geographic restriction via
                                         faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header
    --no-geo-bypass                      Do not bypass geographic restriction
                                         via faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header
    --geo-bypass-country CODE            Force bypass geographic restriction
                                         with explicitly provided two-letter ISO
                                         3166-2 country code
    --geo-bypass-ip-block IP_BLOCK       Force bypass geographic restriction
                                         with explicitly provided IP block in
                                         CIDR notation

  Video Selection:
    --playlist-start NUMBER              Playlist video to start at (default is
                                         1)
    --playlist-end NUMBER                Playlist video to end at (default is
                                         last)
    --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC           Playlist video items to download.
                                         Specify indices of the videos in the
                                         playlist separated by commas like:
                                         "--playlist-items 1,2,5,8" if you want
                                         to download videos indexed 1, 2, 5, 8
                                         in the playlist. You can specify range:
                                         "--playlist-items 1-3,7,10-13", it will
                                         download the videos at index 1, 2, 3,
                                         7, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
    --match-title REGEX                  Download only matching titles (regex or
                                         caseless sub-string)
    --reject-title REGEX                 Skip download for matching titles
                                         (regex or caseless sub-string)
    --max-downloads NUMBER               Abort after downloading NUMBER files
    --min-filesize SIZE                  Do not download any videos smaller than
                                         SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
    --max-filesize SIZE                  Do not download any videos larger than
                                         SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
    --date DATE                          Download only videos uploaded in this
                                         date
    --datebefore DATE                    Download only videos uploaded on or
                                         before this date (i.e. inclusive)
    --dateafter DATE                     Download only videos uploaded on or
                                         after this date (i.e. inclusive)
    --min-views COUNT                    Do not download any videos with less
                                         than COUNT views
    --max-views COUNT                    Do not download any videos with more
                                         than COUNT views
    --match-filter FILTER                Generic video filter. Specify any key
                                         (see the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a list
                                         of available keys) to match if the key
                                         is present, !key to check if the key is
                                         not present, key > NUMBER (like
                                         "comment_count > 12", also works with
                                         >=, <, <=, !=, =) to compare against a
                                         number, key = 'LITERAL' (like "uploader
                                         = 'Mike Smith'", also works with !=) to
                                         match against a string literal and & to
                                         require multiple matches. Values which
                                         are not known are excluded unless you
                                         put a question mark (?) after the
                                         operator. For example, to only match
                                         videos that have been liked more than
                                         100 times and disliked less than 50
                                         times (or the dislike functionality is
                                         not available at the given service),
                                         but who also have a description, use
                                         --match-filter "like_count > 100 &
                                         dislike_count  .
    --no-playlist                        Download only the video, if the URL
                                         refers to a video and a playlist.
    --yes-playlist                       Download the playlist, if the URL
                                         refers to a video and a playlist.
    --age-limit YEARS                    Download only videos suitable for the
                                         given age
    --download-archive FILE              Download only videos not listed in the
                                         archive file. Record the IDs of all
                                         downloaded videos in it.
    --include-ads                        Download advertisements as well
                                         (experimental)

  Download Options:
    -r, --limit-rate RATE                Maximum download rate in bytes per
                                         second (e.g. 50K or 4.2M)
    -R, --retries RETRIES                Number of retries (default is 10), or
                                         "infinite".
    --fragment-retries RETRIES           Number of retries for a fragment
                                         (default is 10), or "infinite" (DASH,
                                         hlsnative and ISM)
    --skip-unavailable-fragments         Skip unavailable fragments (DASH,
                                         hlsnative and ISM)
    --abort-on-unavailable-fragment      Abort downloading when some fragment is
                                         not available
    --keep-fragments                     Keep downloaded fragments on disk after
                                         downloading is finished; fragments are
                                         erased by default
    --buffer-size SIZE                   Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or
                                         16K) (default is 1024)
    --no-resize-buffer                   Do not automatically adjust the buffer
                                         size. By default, the buffer size is
                                         automatically resized from an initial
                                         value of SIZE.
    --http-chunk-size SIZE               Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP
                                         downloading (e.g. 10485760 or 10M)
                                         (default is disabled). May be useful
                                         for bypassing bandwidth throttling
                                         imposed by a webserver (experimental)
    --playlist-reverse                   Download playlist videos in reverse
                                         order
    --playlist-random                    Download playlist videos in random
                                         order
    --xattr-set-filesize                 Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with
                                         expected file size
    --hls-prefer-native                  Use the native HLS downloader instead
                                         of ffmpeg
    --hls-prefer-ffmpeg                  Use ffmpeg instead of the native HLS
                                         downloader
    --hls-use-mpegts                     Use the mpegts container for HLS
                                         videos, allowing to play the video
                                         while downloading (some players may not
                                         be able to play it)
    --external-downloader COMMAND        Use the specified external downloader.
                                         Currently supports aria2c,avconv,axel,c
                                         url,ffmpeg,httpie,wget
    --external-downloader-args ARGS      Give these arguments to the external
                                         downloader

  Filesystem Options:
    -a, --batch-file FILE                File containing URLs to download ('-'
                                         for stdin), one URL per line. Lines
                                         starting with '#', ';' or ']' are
                                         considered as comments and ignored.
    --id                                 Use only video ID in file name
    -o, --output TEMPLATE                Output filename template, see the
                                         "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for all the info
    --output-na-placeholder PLACEHOLDER  Placeholder value for unavailable meta
                                         fields in output filename template
                                         (default is "NA")
    --autonumber-start NUMBER            Specify the start value for
                                         %(autonumber)s (default is 1)
    --restrict-filenames                 Restrict filenames to only ASCII
                                         characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in
                                         filenames
    -w, --no-overwrites                  Do not overwrite files
    -c, --continue                       Force resume of partially downloaded
                                         files. By default, youtube-dl will
                                         resume downloads if possible.
    --no-continue                        Do not resume partially downloaded
                                         files (restart from beginning)
    --no-part                            Do not use .part files - write directly
                                         into output file
    --no-mtime                           Do not use the Last-modified header to
                                         set the file modification time
    --write-description                  Write video description to a
                                         .description file
    --write-info-json                    Write video metadata to a .info.json
                                         file
    --write-annotations                  Write video annotations to a
                                         .annotations.xml file
    --load-info-json FILE                JSON file containing the video
                                         information (created with the "--write-
                                         info-json" option)
    --cookies FILE                       File to read cookies from and dump
                                         cookie jar in
    --cache-dir DIR                      Location in the filesystem where
                                         youtube-dl can store some downloaded
                                         information permanently. By default
                                         $XDG_CACHE_HOME/youtube-dl or ~/.cache
                                         /youtube-dl . At the moment, only
                                         YouTube player files (for videos with
                                         obfuscated signatures) are cached, but
                                         that may change.
    --no-cache-dir                       Disable filesystem caching
    --rm-cache-dir                       Delete all filesystem cache files

  Thumbnail Options:
    --write-thumbnail                    Write thumbnail image to disk
    --write-all-thumbnails               Write all thumbnail image formats to
                                         disk
    --list-thumbnails                    Simulate and list all available
                                         thumbnail formats

  Verbosity / Simulation Options:
    -q, --quiet                          Activate quiet mode
    --no-warnings                        Ignore warnings
    -s, --simulate                       Do not download the video and do not
                                         write anything to disk
    --skip-download                      Do not download the video
    -g, --get-url                        Simulate, quiet but print URL
    -e, --get-title                      Simulate, quiet but print title
    --get-id                             Simulate, quiet but print id
    --get-thumbnail                      Simulate, quiet but print thumbnail URL
    --get-description                    Simulate, quiet but print video
                                         description
    --get-duration                       Simulate, quiet but print video length
    --get-filename                       Simulate, quiet but print output
                                         filename
    --get-format                         Simulate, quiet but print output format
    -j, --dump-json                      Simulate, quiet but print JSON
                                         information. See the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE"
                                         for a description of available keys.
    -J, --dump-single-json               Simulate, quiet but print JSON
                                         information for each command-line
                                         argument. If the URL refers to a
                                         playlist, dump the whole playlist
                                         information in a single line.
    --print-json                         Be quiet and print the video
                                         information as JSON (video is still
                                         being downloaded).
    --newline                            Output progress bar as new lines
    --no-progress                        Do not print progress bar
    --console-title                      Display progress in console titlebar
    -v, --verbose                        Print various debugging information
    --dump-pages                         Print downloaded pages encoded using
                                         base64 to debug problems (very verbose)
    --write-pages                        Write downloaded intermediary pages to
                                         files in the current directory to debug
                                         problems
    --print-traffic                      Display sent and read HTTP traffic
    -C, --call-home                      Contact the youtube-dl server for
                                         debugging
    --no-call-home                       Do NOT contact the youtube-dl server
                                         for debugging

  Workarounds:
    --encoding ENCODING                  Force the specified encoding
                                         (experimental)
    --no-check-certificate               Suppress HTTPS certificate validation
    --prefer-insecure                    Use an unencrypted connection to
                                         retrieve information about the video.
                                         (Currently supported only for YouTube)
    --user-agent UA                      Specify a custom user agent
    --referer URL                        Specify a custom referer, use if the
                                         video access is restricted to one
                                         domain
    --add-header FIELD:VALUE             Specify a custom HTTP header and its
                                         value, separated by a colon ':'. You
                                         can use this option multiple times
    --bidi-workaround                    Work around terminals that lack
                                         bidirectional text support. Requires
                                         bidiv or fribidi executable in PATH
    --sleep-interval SECONDS             Number of seconds to sleep before each
                                         download when used alone or a lower
                                         bound of a range for randomized sleep
                                         before each download (minimum possible
                                         number of seconds to sleep) when used
                                         along with --max-sleep-interval.
    --max-sleep-interval SECONDS         Upper bound of a range for randomized
                                         sleep before each download (maximum
                                         possible number of seconds to sleep).
                                         Must only be used along with --min-
                                         sleep-interval.

  Video Format Options:
    -f, --format FORMAT                  Video format code, see the "FORMAT
                                         SELECTION" for all the info
    --all-formats                        Download all available video formats
    --prefer-free-formats                Prefer free video formats unless a
                                         specific one is requested
    -F, --list-formats                   List all available formats of requested
                                         videos
    --youtube-skip-dash-manifest         Do not download the DASH manifests and
                                         related data on YouTube videos
    --merge-output-format FORMAT         If a merge is required (e.g.
                                         bestvideo+bestaudio), output to given
                                         container format. One of mkv, mp4, ogg,
                                         webm, flv. Ignored if no merge is
                                         required

  Subtitle Options:
    --write-sub                          Write subtitle file
    --write-auto-sub                     Write automatically generated subtitle
                                         file (YouTube only)
    --all-subs                           Download all the available subtitles of
                                         the video
    --list-subs                          List all available subtitles for the
                                         video
    --sub-format FORMAT                  Subtitle format, accepts formats
                                         preference, for example: "srt" or
                                         "ass/srt/best"
    --sub-lang LANGS                     Languages of the subtitles to download
                                         (optional) separated by commas, use
                                         --list-subs for available language tags

  Authentication Options:
    -u, --username USERNAME              Login with this account ID
    -p, --password PASSWORD              Account password. If this option is
                                         left out, youtube-dl will ask
                                         interactively.
    -2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR            Two-factor authentication code
    -n, --netrc                          Use .netrc authentication data
    --video-password PASSWORD            Video password (vimeo, youku)

  Adobe Pass Options:
    --ap-mso MSO                         Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV
                                         provider) identifier, use --ap-list-mso
                                         for a list of available MSOs
    --ap-username USERNAME               Multiple-system operator account login
    --ap-password PASSWORD               Multiple-system operator account
                                         password. If this option is left out,
                                         youtube-dl will ask interactively.
    --ap-list-mso                        List all supported multiple-system
                                         operators

  Post-processing Options:
    -x, --extract-audio                  Convert video files to audio-only files
                                         (requires ffmpeg/avconv and
                                         ffprobe/avprobe)
    --audio-format FORMAT                Specify audio format: "best", "aac",
                                         "flac", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", "vorbis",
                                         or "wav"; "best" by default; No effect
                                         without -x
    --audio-quality QUALITY              Specify ffmpeg/avconv audio quality,
                                         insert a value between 0 (better) and 9
                                         (worse) for VBR or a specific bitrate
                                         like 128K (default 5)
    --recode-video FORMAT                Encode the video to another format if
                                         necessary (currently supported:
                                         mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)
    --postprocessor-args ARGS            Give these arguments to the
                                         postprocessor
    -k, --keep-video                     Keep the video file on disk after the
                                         post-processing; the video is erased by
                                         default
    --no-post-overwrites                 Do not overwrite post-processed files;
                                         the post-processed files are
                                         overwritten by default
    --embed-subs                         Embed subtitles in the video (only for
                                         mp4, webm and mkv videos)
    --embed-thumbnail                    Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover
                                         art
    --add-metadata                       Write metadata to the video file
    --metadata-from-title FORMAT         Parse additional metadata like song
                                         title / artist from the video title.
                                         The format syntax is the same as
                                         --output. Regular expression with named
                                         capture groups may also be used. The
                                         parsed parameters replace existing
                                         values. Example: --metadata-from-title
                                         "%(artist)s - %(title)s" matches a
                                         title like "Coldplay - Paradise".
                                         Example (regex): --metadata-from-title
                                         "(?P.+?) - (?P