AtomicInteger咋用篇

AtomicLong、AtomicBoolean等方法的原理和思想跟AtomicInteger基本相同,这里就主要说下AtomicInteger。


在并发编程时我们需要考虑三件事:

原子性

一个或多个操作,在执行中不会被任何其它任务或事件中断,就像数据库里面的事务,同生共死。

这一拜....春风得意遇知音....咳

可见性

当多个线程访问同一个变量时,一个线程对变量值的修改,能够及时被其他线程看到。

有序性

即程序执行的顺序按照代码的先后顺序执行


i++
举个例子:
当我们想要给网络请求日志加个Id的时候,可能会想到用i++的操作,但是这个自增操作是非线程安全的,

i++实际上可拆分为三步:
1.获取变量当前值
2.给获取的当前变量值+1
3.写回新的值到变量

因此在并发操作下得到的结果显然不是我们想要的。

AtomicInteger

源码

package java.util.concurrent.atomic;

import java.util.function.IntBinaryOperator;
import java.util.function.IntUnaryOperator;

public class AtomicInteger extends Number implements java.io.Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6214790243416807050L;

    private static final sun.misc.Unsafe U = sun.misc.Unsafe.getUnsafe();
    private static final long VALUE;

    static {
        try {
            VALUE = U.objectFieldOffset
                (AtomicInteger.class.getDeclaredField("value"));
        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
            throw new Error(e);
        }
    }

    private volatile int value;

    /**
     * 使用给定的初始值创建一个新的AtomicInteger。
     *
     * @param initialValue the initial value
     */
    public AtomicInteger(int initialValue) {
        value = initialValue;
    }

     /**
     * 创建一个新的AtomicInteger。
     * 默认值为0
     */
    public AtomicInteger() {
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前 AtomicInteger 的值
     *
     * @return the current value
     */
    public final int get() {
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 设置当前 AtomicInteger 的值
     *
     * @param newValue the new value
     */
    public final void set(int newValue) {
        value = newValue;
    }

    /**
     * 以普通变量的形式来读写变量 
     *
     * @param newValue the new value
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public final void lazySet(int newValue) {
        U.putOrderedInt(this, VALUE, newValue);
    }

    /**
     * 以原子方式设置为给定值并返回旧值
     *
     * @param newValue the new value
     * @return the previous value
     */
    public final int getAndSet(int newValue) {
        return U.getAndSetInt(this, VALUE, newValue);
    }

    /**
     * 传说中的CAS
     * 如果当前值等于 expect 的值,那么就以原子性的方式将当前值设置为 update 给定值,
     * 这个方法会返回一个 boolean 类型,如果是 true 就表示比较并更新成功,否则表示失败
     * if the current value {@code ==} the expected value.
     *
     * @param expect the expected value
     * @param update the new value
     * @return {@code true} if successful. False return indicates that
     * the actual value was not equal to the expected value.
     */
    public final boolean compareAndSet(int expect, int update) {
        return U.compareAndSwapInt(this, VALUE, expect, update);
    }

    /**
     * 跟compareAndSet 一毛一样,为啥有两个一样的方法??
     * if the current value {@code ==} the expected value.
     * @param expect the expected value
     * @param update the new value
     * @return {@code true} if successful
     */
    public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(int expect, int update) {
        return U.compareAndSwapInt(this, VALUE, expect, update);
    }

    /**
     * 先取旧值,然后自增
     *
     * @return the previous value
     */
    public final int getAndIncrement() {
        return U.getAndAddInt(this, VALUE, 1);
    }

    /**
     * 先取旧值,然后自减
     *
     * @return the previous value
     */
    public final int getAndDecrement() {
        return U.getAndAddInt(this, VALUE, -1);
    }

    /**
     * 先取旧值,然后加delta
     *
     * @param delta the value to add
     * @return the previous value
     */
    public final int getAndAdd(int delta) {
        return U.getAndAddInt(this, VALUE, delta);
    }

    /**
     * 先加1,然后获取新值
     *
     * @return the updated value
     */
    public final int incrementAndGet() {
        return U.getAndAddInt(this, VALUE, 1) + 1;
    }

    /**
     * 先减1,然后获取新值
     *
     * @return the updated value
     */
    public final int decrementAndGet() {
        return U.getAndAddInt(this, VALUE, -1) - 1;
    }

    /**
     * 先增加,然后获取新值
     *
     * @param delta the value to add
     * @return the updated value
     */
    public final int addAndGet(int delta) {
        return U.getAndAddInt(this, VALUE, delta) + delta;
    }

    /**
     * 先获取再更新,然后比较并设置值,
     *
     * @param updateFunction a side-effect-free function
     * @return the previous value
     * @since 1.8
     */
    public final int getAndUpdate(IntUnaryOperator updateFunction) {
        int prev, next;
        do {
            prev = get();
            next = updateFunction.applyAsInt(prev);
        } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
        return prev;
    }

    /**
     * 请自行理解,...白眼
     *
     * @param updateFunction a side-effect-free function
     * @return the updated value
     * @since 1.8
     */
    public final int updateAndGet(IntUnaryOperator updateFunction) {
        int prev, next;
        do {
            prev = get();
            next = updateFunction.applyAsInt(prev);
        } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
        return next;
    }

    /**
     * 请自行理解,...白眼
     *
     * @param x the update value
     * @param accumulatorFunction a side-effect-free function of two arguments
     * @return the previous value
     * @since 1.8
     */
    public final int getAndAccumulate(int x,
                                      IntBinaryOperator accumulatorFunction) {
        int prev, next;
        do {
            prev = get();
            next = accumulatorFunction.applyAsInt(prev, x);
        } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
        return prev;
    }

    /**
     * 请自行理解,...白眼
     *
     * @param x the update value
     * @param accumulatorFunction a side-effect-free function of two arguments
     * @return the updated value
     * @since 1.8
     */
    public final int accumulateAndGet(int x,
                                      IntBinaryOperator accumulatorFunction) {
        int prev, next;
        do {
            prev = get();
            next = accumulatorFunction.applyAsInt(prev, x);
        } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
        return next;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the String representation of the current value.
     * @return the String representation of the current value
     */
    public String toString() {
        return Integer.toString(get());
    }

    /**
     * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicInteger} as an {@code int}.
     * Equivalent to {@link #get()}.
     */
    public int intValue() {
        return get();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicInteger} as a {@code long}
     * after a widening primitive conversion.
     * @jls 5.1.2 Widening Primitive Conversions
     */
    public long longValue() {
        return (long)get();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicInteger} as a {@code float}
     * after a widening primitive conversion.
     * @jls 5.1.2 Widening Primitive Conversions
     */
    public float floatValue() {
        return (float)get();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicInteger} as a {@code double}
     * after a widening primitive conversion.
     * @jls 5.1.2 Widening Primitive Conversions
     */
    public double doubleValue() {
        return (double)get();
    }

}

使用

还能咋使用就“new”呗!方法用“.”调呗!

你可能感兴趣的:(AtomicInteger咋用篇)