Windows下用Nginx+Tomcat配置集群负载均衡

        Nginx是一款轻量级的web服务器/反向代理服务器,更详细的释义自己百度了。目前国内像新浪、网易等都在使用它。先说下我的服务器软件环境：

系统：windows_server_2008_standard_enterprise_and_datacenter_with_sp2_x64

当前运行的Tomcat：非安装版本Tomcat 6.0.36

就说这两个关键的吧，目前遇到的问题是访问量剧增单个tomcat已无力负载了，经常出现超时的情况。于是就计划用nginx布置负载均衡，网络上查到的资料多是介绍linux版本的nginx的布置及使用，但在windows中如果使用linux版本的nginx只能做个测试用，实际生产环境是无法使用的，会报如下的错误：

maximum number of descriptors supported by select() is 1024 while waiting for request

这是因为文件访问句柄数被限制为1024了，当访问量大时就会无法响应。去网上有查过很多资料说是修改参数worker_connections可以解决此限制，还有其它很多说修改worker_rlimit_nofile 参数等，都尝试了但都以失败告终。就在准备换其它工具时在国外的一个论坛看到了一条回复，地址不记得了，说的是有专门的windows版本的nginx，已修改了文件句柄数据的限制。后来下载后果真配置成功运行ok了。只要下载到正确的版本配置还是so easy的。以下为下载配置过程哈~~

nginx for windows官网：http://nginx-win.ecsds.eu/

nginx for windows下载载地址： http://nginx-win.ecsds.eu/download/

我下载的是nginx 1.7.7.1 WhiteRabbit.zip这个版本，太新的版本我怕不稳定。下载完毕后解压安装包，里面有个简要的更新信息和安装指南Readme nginx-win version.txt。关键信息如下：

*** Default installation instructions;
* New: unzip this version with folder structure
* Old: overwrite with this version
* Check nginx.conf, nginx-org.conf and nginx-win.conf
* Windows optimization registry file: check your current values BEFORE setting the new ones

找到conf文件夹中的nginx-win.conf，把它复制一份更名为nginx.conf，然后在此文件中做配置，我的配置文件如下：

#user  nobody;
# multiple workers works !
# 工作进程数：这个数值要根据服务器CPU核心数来配置，如6核12线程的cpu可以配置为6或12。
worker_processes  6;

#错误日志存放路径
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
#设置单个进程同时打开的最大连接数，这个值设置大些能接受较多的连接，当然这需要cpu和内存支持哦~~
    worker_connections  32768;
    # max value 32768, nginx recycling connections+registry optimization = 
    #   this.value * 20 = max concurrent connections currently tested with one worker
    #   C1000K should be possible depending there is enough ram/cpu power
    # multi_accept on;
}


http {
    #include      /nginx/conf/naxsi_core.rules;
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr:$remote_port - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

#     # loadbalancing PHP
#     upstream myLoadBalancer {
#         server 127.0.0.1:9001 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9002 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9003 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9004 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9005 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9006 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9007 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9008 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9009 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         server 127.0.0.1:9010 weight=1 fail_timeout=5;
#         least_conn;
#     }
# 在此处设置tomcat服务器信息，同样tomcat也可以不在同一主机中。这里设置了两个tomcat服务，比重是1:1了。 localhost更换为服务器的IP
         upstream localhost{
	   #ip_hash;
           server  127.0.0.1:9010 weight=1;
           server  127.0.0.1:9020 weight=1;
         }

    sendfile        off;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

## Start: Timeouts ##
    client_body_timeout   10;
    client_header_timeout 10;
    keepalive_timeout     80;
    send_timeout          10;
    keepalive_requests    10;
## End: Timeouts ##

    #gzip  on;

    server {
#这个很关键~~它是nginx监听的端口哦~~
        listen       8080;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

# For Naxsi remove the single # line for learn mode, or the ## lines for full WAF mode

        location / {
            #include    /nginx/conf/mysite.rules; # see also http block naxsi include line
            ##SecRulesEnabled;
        	  ##DeniedUrl "/RequestDenied";
	          ##CheckRule "$SQL >= 8" BLOCK;
	          ##CheckRule "$RFI >= 8" BLOCK;
	          ##CheckRule "$TRAVERSAL >= 4" BLOCK;
	          ##CheckRule "$XSS >= 8" BLOCK;
	          
	    proxy_pass         http://localhost;
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

# For Naxsi remove the ## lines for full WAF mode, redirect location block used by naxsi
        ##location /RequestDenied {
        ##    return 412;
        ##}

## Lua examples !
#         location /robots.txt {
#           rewrite_by_lua '
#             if ngx.var.http_host ~= "localhost" then
#               return ngx.exec("/robots_disallow.txt");
#             end
#           ';
#         }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000; # single backend process
        #    fastcgi_pass   myLoadBalancer; # or multiple, see example above
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl spdy;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl                  on;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers On;
    #    ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    #    ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!MD5:!DSS;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

Tomcat的配置就比较简单了就是再复制一个改三处端口就可以了。具体自己百度了。

配置完毕运行nginx.exe和tomcat就可以验证配置情况了。

nginx启动控制我采用了网上一哥们的脚本，地址如下：

http://feitianbenyue.iteye.com/blog/1989868