Centos7安装python3.7.4详细步骤

Centos自带python2，由于执行yum需要python2，所以即使安装了python3也不能删除python2

 

1.安装依赖包

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel

 

2.下载自己需要的python版本，例如python3.7.4,下载要花费一段时间，要耐心等待

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.4/Python-3.7.4.tar.xz

 

3.新建一个文件夹存放python3

 

mkdir /usr/local/python3

 

4.把安装包移动到该新建文件夹下，解压安装包，安装python3,依次执行以下命令，花费时间较长，耐心等待

mv Python-3.7.4.tar.xz /usr/local/python3
cd /usr/local/python3
tar -xvf  Python-3.7.4.tar.xz
cd Python-3.7.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared CFLAGS=-fPIC
make  
make install

运行如果出问题 

python3: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.7m.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

yum install -y libffi-devel

cp /usr/local/python3/lib/libpython3.7m.so.1.0 /usr/lib

ldconfig

 

5.创建软连接

 

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

 

6.此时python3已经装好，在命令行中输入python3测试

 

 

7.修改yum配置文件，python2与python3共存

 

vi /usr/bin/yum

 

把#! /usr/bin/python修改为#! /usr/bin/python2（配置文件第一行）

 

同理

 

vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down

 

把文件里面的#! /usr/bin/python 也修改为#! /usr/bin/python2

 

此时完成python3安装，且实现与python2共存,保持yum命令可用

 

更改python环境变量的方式
1，echo $PATH
2，vi /etc/profile
3,  PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/python3/bin（在最后一行写入）
4,  :wq！(退出)
5，source /etc/profile