解决

开始-->运行-->cmd,之后输入:"sqlplus /nolog"，进入"SQL>"的提示，按照下面给出的命令依次执行就可以了：

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SQL>connect username/password as SYSDBA;

 

SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

 

SQL>STARTUP MOUNT;

 

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

 

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

 

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

 

SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

 

 

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK ;

 

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

 

*ERROR at line 1:

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

 

报字符集不兼容，此时下INTERNAL_USE指令不对字符集超集进行检查：

 

SQL>ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

 

SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

 

SQL>STARTUP;