2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>> 
一、简介
check_postgres is a script for monitoring various attributes of your database. It is designed to work with Nagios, MRTG, or in standalone scripts.二、安装
2.1 编译安装
[root@check_postgres ~]# tar -zxvf check_postgres-2.21.0.tar.gz
[root@check_postgres ~]# cd check_postgres-2.21.0
[root@check_postgres check_postgres-2.21.0]# perl Makefile.PL
Configuring check_postgres 2.21.0
Checking if your kit is complete...
Looks good
Writing Makefile for check_postgres
[root@check_postgres check_postgres-2.21.0]# make
cp check_postgres.pl blib/script/check_postgres.pl
/usr/bin/perl -MExtUtils::MY -e 'MY->fixin(shift)' -- blib/script/check_postgres.pl
Manifying blib/man1/check_postgres.1p
[root@check_postgres check_postgres-2.21.0]# make install
Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/check_postgres.1p
Installing /usr/local/bin/check_postgres.pl
Appending installation info to /usr/lib64/perl5/perllocal.pod2.2 生成链接
[root@check_postgres ~]# mkdir -p /opt/check_postgres/bin
[root@check_postgres ~]# chown postgres:postgres /opt/check_postgres/ -R
[root@check_postgres ~]# su - postgres
[postgres@check_postgres ~]$ cd /opt/check_postgres/bin/
[postgres@check_postgres bin]$ check_postgres.pl --symlinks
[postgres@check_postgres bin]$ ls
check_postgres_archive_ready check_postgres_hitratio check_postgres_pgagent_jobs check_postgres_replicate_row
check_postgres_autovac_freeze check_postgres_hot_standby_delay check_postgres_pgbouncer_backends check_postgres_same_schema
check_postgres_backends check_postgres_index_size check_postgres_pgbouncer_checksum check_postgres_sequence
check_postgres_bloat check_postgres_last_analyze check_postgres_pgb_pool_cl_active check_postgres_settings_checksum
check_postgres_checkpoint check_postgres_last_autoanalyze check_postgres_pgb_pool_cl_waiting check_postgres_slony_status
check_postgres_cluster_id check_postgres_last_autovacuum check_postgres_pgb_pool_maxwait check_postgres_table_size
check_postgres_commitratio check_postgres_last_vacuum check_postgres_pgb_pool_sv_active check_postgres_timesync
check_postgres_connection check_postgres_listener check_postgres_pgb_pool_sv_idle check_postgres_txn_idle
check_postgres_custom_query check_postgres_locks check_postgres_pgb_pool_sv_login check_postgres_txn_time
check_postgres_database_size check_postgres_logfile check_postgres_pgb_pool_sv_tested check_postgres_txn_wraparound
check_postgres_dbstats check_postgres_new_version_bc check_postgres_pgb_pool_sv_used check_postgres_version
check_postgres_disabled_triggers check_postgres_new_version_box check_postgres_prepared_txns check_postgres_wal_files
check_postgres_disk_space check_postgres_new_version_cp check_postgres_query_runtime
check_postgres_fsm_pages check_postgres_new_version_pg check_postgres_query_time
check_postgres_fsm_relations check_postgres_new_version_tnm check_postgres_relation_size修改环境变量（加入命令路径）：
export PATH=/opt/check_postgres/bin:/opt/pg93/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PGDATA=/opt/pg93/data
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/pg93/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH使修改生效：
[postgres@check_postgres ~]$ source .bash_profile三、检查涉及的方面
check_postgres涉及方面比较广泛，不仅有常规方面检查，同时也涉及一些主流工具的检查，如：pgbouncer、pgAgent、slony、bucardo等。
archive_ready - Check the number of WAL files ready in the pg_xlog/archive_status
autovac_freeze - Checks how close databases are to autovacuum_freeze_max_age.
backends - Number of connections, compared to max_connections.
bloat - Check for table and index bloat.
checkpoint - Checks how long since the last checkpoint
cluster_id - Checks the Database System Identifier
commitratio - Report if the commit ratio of a database is too low.
connection - Simple connection check.
custom_query - Run a custom query.
database_size - Report if a database is too big.
dbstats - Returns stats from pg_stat_database: Cacti output only
disabled_triggers - Check if any triggers are disabled
disk_space - Checks space of local disks Postgres is using.
fsm_pages - Checks percentage of pages used in free space map.
fsm_relations - Checks percentage of relations used in free space map.
hitratio - Report if the hit ratio of a database is too low.
hot_standby_delay - Check the replication delay in hot standby setup
index_size - Checks the size of indexes only.
last_analyze - Check the maximum time in seconds since any one table has been analyzed.
last_autoanalyze - Check the maximum time in seconds since any one table has been autoanalyzed.
last_autovacuum - Check the maximum time in seconds since any one table has been autovacuumed.
last_vacuum - Check the maximum time in seconds since any one table has been vacuumed.
listener - Checks for specific listeners.
locks - Checks the number of locks.
logfile - Checks that the logfile is being written to correctly.
new_version_bc - Checks if a newer version of Bucardo is available.
new_version_box - Checks if a newer version of boxinfo is available.
new_version_cp - Checks if a newer version of check_postgres.pl is available.
new_version_pg - Checks if a newer version of Postgres is available.
new_version_tnm - Checks if a newer version of tail_n_mail is available.
pgagent_jobs - Check for no failed pgAgent jobs within a specified period of time.
pgb_pool_cl_active - Check the number of active clients in each pgbouncer pool.
pgb_pool_cl_waiting - Check the number of waiting clients in each pgbouncer pool.
pgb_pool_maxwait - Check the current maximum wait time for client connections in pgbouncer pools.
pgb_pool_sv_active - Check the number of active server connections in each pgbouncer pool.
pgb_pool_sv_idle - Check the number of idle server connections in each pgbouncer pool.
pgb_pool_sv_login - Check the number of login server connections in each pgbouncer pool.
pgb_pool_sv_tested - Check the number of tested server connections in each pgbouncer pool.
pgb_pool_sv_used - Check the number of used server connections in each pgbouncer pool.
pgbouncer_backends - Check how many clients are connected to pgbouncer compared to max_client_conn.
pgbouncer_checksum - Check that no pgbouncer settings have changed since the last check.
prepared_txns - Checks number and age of prepared transactions.
query_runtime - Check how long a specific query takes to run.
query_time - Checks the maximum running time of current queries.
relation_size - Checks the size of tables and indexes.
replicate_row - Verify a simple update gets replicated to another server.
same_schema - Verify that two databases have the exact same tables, columns, etc.
sequence - Checks remaining calls left in sequences.
settings_checksum - Check that no settings have changed since the last check.
slony_status - Ensure Slony is up to date via sl_status.
table_size - Checks the size of tables only.
timesync - Compare database time to local system time.
txn_idle - Checks the maximum "idle in transaction" time.
txn_time - Checks the maximum open transaction time.
txn_wraparound - See how close databases are getting to transaction ID wraparound.
version - Check for proper Postgres version.
wal_files - Check the number of WAL files in the pg_xlog directory四、工具使用
参阅 http://bucardo.org/check_postgres/check_postgres.pl.html
五、问题
Q1
错误：
[postgres@check_postgres ~]$ check_postgres_connection -db postgres
Cannot find Time::HiRes, needed if 'showtime' is true at /opt/check_postgres/bin/check_postgres_connection line 1267.解决办法：
[root@check_postgres ~]# yum install perl-Time-HiRes