5.22

Why We Can’t Look Away From Our Screens（3）

欲罢不能：电子设备为什么让我们上瘾（3）

We’re biologically prone to getting hooked on these sorts of experiences. If you put someone in front of a slot machine, their brain will look qualitatively the same as when they take heroin. If you’re someone who compulsively plays video games — not everyone, but people who are addicted to a particular game — the minute you load up your computer, your brain will look like that of a substance abuser.

从生理上讲，我们易于对这类体验上瘾。如果你把一个人放到老虎机前，他们的大脑状态看起来就和吸食了海洛因的人差不多。如果你是一个会不由自主玩电子游戏的人——并非所有人，而是对某种游戏上瘾的人——那么从打开电脑的那一刻起，你的大脑就会变得跟一个瘾君子一样。

本段包含词汇

*biologically /baiə’lɔdʒikli/ adv.生物学上(地)

*be prone to 易于……；有……的倾向

*get hooked on 对…着迷，上瘾

*compulsively /kəm'pʌlsivli/ adv.强制地；禁不住地

*be addicted to 沉溺于；痴迷于

*abuse /ə'bjuːz/ v.滥用；虐待

*abuser n.滥用者；施虐者

We are engineered in such a way that as long as an experience hits the right buttons, our brains will release the neurotransmitter(n.神经传递素) dopamine(n.多巴胺). We’ll get a flood of dopamine(n.多巴胺) that makes us feel wonderful in the short term, though in the long term you build a tolerance and want more.

我们生理结构决定了，只要一种体验击中了对应的按钮，我们的大脑就会释放出神经递质多巴胺。我们会获得大量多巴胺，这会让我们在短期内感到非常棒，尽管从长远来看你形成了一种耐受性，并且会想要更多（这样的体验）。

本段包含词汇

engineer /ˌendʒiˈniə(r)/ n.工程师 v.设计，建造（本文中为动词加ed形式）

*release /rɪ'liːs/ v.释放；放开

*in the short term 短期内

*tolerance /‘tɒlərəns/ n.宽容；忍耐力