策略模式

Define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one, and make them interchangeable. The strategy pattern lets the algorithm vary independently from client to client.

策略模式的核心就是：在运行时动态选择使用哪种策略，实现策略，选择策略。

策略接口

/**
 * 策略接口
 */
public interface IStrategy {
    void solve();
}

策略一

/**
 * 策略1抽象类
 */
public abstract class AbstractStrategyOne implements IStrategy {
    /**
     * 具体策略的实现是模板方法
     */
    @Override
    public void solve() {
        start();
        while (nextTry() && !isSolution()) {
            // do something
        }
        stop();
    }

    abstract void start();

    abstract boolean nextTry();

    abstract boolean isSolution();

    abstract void stop();
}

public class StrategyOne extends AbstractStrategyOne {
    private int state = 0;

    @Override
    void start() {
        System.out.println("start");
    }

    @Override
    boolean nextTry() {
        System.out.println("NextTry-" + state++);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    boolean isSolution() {
        System.out.println("IsSolution-" + (state == 3) + "  ");
        return (state == 3);
    }

    @Override
    void stop() {
        System.out.println("stop");
    }
}

策略二

/**
 * 策略2抽象类
 */
public abstract class AbstractStrategyTwo implements IStrategy {
    /**
     * 具体策略的实现是模板方法
     */
    @Override
    public void solve() {
        while (true) {
            preProcess();
            if (search()) {
                break;
            }
            postProcess();
        }
    }

    abstract void preProcess();

    abstract boolean search();

    abstract void postProcess();
}

public class StrategyTwo extends AbstractStrategyTwo {
    private int state = 0;

    @Override
    void preProcess() {
        System.out.println("PreProcess  ");
    }

    @Override
    boolean search() {
        System.out.println("Search-" + state++ + "  ");
        return state == 3;
    }

    @Override
    void postProcess() {
        System.out.println("PostProcess  ");
    }
}

执行

public class Test {
    private static void execute(IStrategy strategy) {
        strategy.solve();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        /**
         * 控制使用哪种策略
         */
        IStrategy[] algorithms = {new StrategyOne(), new StrategyTwo()};
        for (IStrategy algorithm : algorithms) {
            execute(algorithm);
        }
    }
}

类图

strategy.png