PyQt5+ Python3 模拟QQ群聊

尊重原创，原文链接

关于PyQt5+Python3开发环境安装可以参考上篇。这里实现的是一种群聊工具，socket类使用的是Qt的TcpSocket, TcpServer 类；线程类使用的QTread；收发数据使用的QDataStream（当然也可以用其他的方式，不唯一）

先看服务器端， 服务端界面设计，下面标注红色的是后面代码中要使用的控件，其它的可要可不要   # Ui_server.py

1. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2. #
3. # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9.2
4. #
5. # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
7. from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
8. class Ui_Form(object):
9. def setupUi(self, Form):
10. Form.setObjectName( "Form")
11. Form.resize( 541, 355)
12. self.splitter_2 = QtWidgets.QSplitter(Form)
13. self.splitter_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect( 10, 10, 516, 331))
14. self.splitter_2.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Vertical)
15. self.splitter_2.setObjectName( "splitter_2")
16. self.layoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.splitter_2)
17. self.layoutWidget.setObjectName( "layoutWidget")
18. self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget)
19. self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins( 0, 0, 0, 0)
20. self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName( "horizontalLayout")
21. self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
22. self.label.setObjectName( "label")
23. self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label)
24. self.txtPort = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.layoutWidget)
25. self.txtPort.setObjectName( "txtPort")
26. self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.txtPort)
27. self.btnCreate = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
28. self.btnCreate.setObjectName( "btnCreate")
29. self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.btnCreate)
30. self.splitter = QtWidgets.QSplitter(self.splitter_2)
31. self.splitter.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
32. self.splitter.setObjectName( "splitter")
33. self.layoutWidget1 = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.splitter)
34. self.layoutWidget1.setObjectName( "layoutWidget1")
35. self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget1)
36. self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins( 0, 0, 0, 0)
37. self.verticalLayout.setObjectName( "verticalLayout")
38. self.lbUserInfo = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget1)
39. self.lbUserInfo.setObjectName( "lbUserInfo")
40. self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lbUserInfo)
41. self.listUser = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self.layoutWidget1)
42. self.listUser.setObjectName( "listUser")
43. self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.listUser)
44. self.layoutWidget2 = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.splitter)
45. self.layoutWidget2.setObjectName( "layoutWidget2")
46. self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget2)
47. self.verticalLayout_2.setContentsMargins( 0, 0, 0, 0)
48. self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName( "verticalLayout_2")
49. self.chatInfo = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget2)
50. self.chatInfo.setObjectName( "chatInfo")
51. self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.chatInfo)
52. self.browerChat = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.layoutWidget2)
53. self.browerChat.setObjectName("browerChat")
54. self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.browerChat)
56. self.retranslateUi(Form)
57. QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
59. def retranslateUi(self, Form):
60. _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
61. Form.setWindowTitle(_translate( "Form", "Form"))
62. self.label.setText(_translate( "Form", "ADDRESS:PORT:"))
63. self.btnCreate.setText(_translate( "Form", "create"))
64. self.lbUserInfo.setText(_translate( "Form", "用户列表"))
65. self.chatInfo.setText(_translate( "Form", "聊天信息"))
67. if __name__ == "__main__":
68. import sys
69. app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
70. Form = QtWidgets.QWidget()
71. ui = Ui_Form()
72. ui.setupUi(Form)
73. Form.show()
74. sys.exit(app.exec_())

服务器端实现：

 在服务器端，使用QTcpServer类监听接入客户端，对于QTcpServer类，一旦有用户接入，就调用

其incomingConnection函数 。要使用多线程的话，就要在incomingConnection中调用线程类QThread，生成新的线程，

然后再新的线程run函数中调用QTcpSocket实例，进行数据的收发，在这里我也把QTcpSocket类重新实现了，也可以就在

重载的Thread实现QTcpSocket收发的代码，代码如下：

1. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
3. """
4. Module implementing Server.
5. """
6. from PyQt5.QtCore import *
7. from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
8. from PyQt5.QtNetwork import *
9. from Ui_server import Ui_Form
10. import sys
12. PORT = 26711
13. SIZEOF_UINT16 = 2
15. class TcpSocket(QTcpSocket):
16. '''
17. 实现了客户端读取信息与发送信息到客户端的功能
18. '''
19. #信号用于Thread类中，信号在接受客户端信息后发送，一直发送到Server更新其界面
20. #上级为Thead, 先将其交付给连接Thread中的slotRecv
21. signRecv= pyqtSignal(str, str)
22. def __init__(self, socketId, parent=None):
23. super(TcpSocket, self).__init__(parent)
24. self.socketId = socketId
25. #客户端发送信息就接受
26. self.readyRead.connect(self.slotRecv)
28. #接受信息槽函数， client-> slotRecv -> Server
29. def slotRecv(self):
30. #使用QDataStream接受信息，也可以选择其他接受方式
31. while self.state() == QAbstractSocket.ConnectedState:
32. nextBlockSize = 0
33. stream = QDataStream(self)
34. if self.bytesAvailable() >= SIZEOF_UINT16:
35. nextBlockSize = stream.readUInt16()
36. else:
37. #print('cannot read client')
38. break
39. if self.bytesAvailable() < nextBlockSize:
40. break
41. action = ''
42. msg = ''
43. action = stream.readQString()
44. msg = stream.readQString()
45. clientAddress = self.peerAddress().toString()
46. clientPort = str(self.peerPort())
47. msg= clientAddress+ ':'+clientPort + ' '+ msg+ '\n'
49. #发射给上级Thread
50. self.signRecv.emit(action, msg)
52. #发送信息槽函数，其变量数据来源于上级 Server -> slotSend -> client
53. def slotSend(self, action, msg, id):
54. #print(id)
55. #print(int(self.socketId))
56. if id == int(self.socketId):
57. reply = QByteArray()
58. stream = QDataStream(reply, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
59. stream.writeUInt16( 0)
60. stream.writeQString(action)
61. stream.writeQString(msg)
62. stream.device().seek( 0)
63. stream.writeUInt16(reply.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)
64. self.write(reply)
66. class Thread(QThread):
67. '''
68. 线程类，在run中创建socket变量， 然后充当中介，向下交付slotSend中参数，
69. 向上交付slotRecv中得到的参数
70. '''
71. #被TcpServer 使用，在类中发射
72. signRecv = pyqtSignal(str, str)
73. #在类中使用， 连接socket类中的slotSend
74. signSend = pyqtSignal(str, str, int)
77. def __init__(self, socketId, parent):
78. super(Thread, self).__init__(parent)
79. self.socketId = socketId
81. def run(self):
82. socket = TcpSocket(self.socketId)
83. if not socket.setSocketDescriptor(self.socketId):
84. return
85. #socket类中的signRecv信号在此连接，把socket接受到的信息作为参数传递给Thread的slotSend
86. socket.signRecv.connect(self.slotRecv)
87. #Thread类中的signSend连接socket中slotSend， 将从上级得到的信息传递给socket，最后发送到客户端
88. self.signSend.connect(socket.slotSend)
90. #循环，不加这一句会出问题
91. self.exec_()
94. def slotSend(self, action, msg, id):
95. if action == '':
96. return
97. #发射到socket中
98. self.signSend.emit(action, msg, id)
100. def slotRecv(self, action, msg):
101. #发射到TcpServer
102. self.signRecv.emit(action, msg)
104. class TcpServer(QTcpServer):
105. signRecv= pyqtSignal(str, str)
106. signSend = pyqtSignal(str, str, int)
107. #存放客户端socket的socketId
108. socketList = []
109. def __init__(self, parent=None):
110. super(TcpServer, self).__init__(parent)
113. def incomingConnection(self, socketId):
114. #一有客户端进来就加入列表，当然在此要判断列表是否存在该客户端
115. self.socketList.append(socketId)
117. #创建线程
118. thread = Thread(socketId, self)
119. #thread发射后，调用tcpserver的slotRecv ，然后其又发射自身的signRecv信号，该信号在Server中连接Server的slotRecv
120. thread.signRecv.connect(self.slotRecv)
121. #连接thread的slotSend
122. self.signSend.connect(thread.slotSend)
123. thread.finished.connect(thread.deleteLater)
124. thread.start()
126. def slotRecv(self, action, msg):
127. self.signRecv.emit(action, msg)
131. class Server(QWidget, Ui_Form):
132. """
133. Class documentation goes here.
134. """
135. signSend = pyqtSignal(str, str, int)
136. def __init__(self, parent=None):
137. """
138. Constructor
140. @param parent reference to the parent widget
141. @type QWidget
142. """
143. super(Server, self).__init__(parent)
144. self.setupUi(self)
146. self.server= TcpServer(self)
147. self.server.listen(QHostAddress( "0.0.0.0"), PORT)
148. #tcoServer中的signRecv信号，连接自身的slotRecv
149. self.server.signRecv.connect(self.slotRecv)
152. def slotRecv(self, action, msg):
153. self.updateServer(action, msg)
154. for id in self.server.socketList:
155. self.server.signSend.emit(action, msg, id)
157. def showConnection(self):
158. print(self.server.socketList)
160. #def slotSend(self, action, msg):
163. def updateServer(self, action, msg):
164. if action == 'USER':
165. self.listUser.addItem( '*user*: '+ msg)
166. if action == 'MSG':
167. self.browerChat.append(msg)
169. @pyqtSlot()
170. def on_btnCreate_clicked(self):
171. """
172. Slot documentation goes here.
173. """
174. # TODO: not implemented yet
176. if __name__ == '__main__':
177. app = QApplication(sys.argv)
178. serverDlg = Server()
179. serverDlg.show()
180. app.exec_()

客户端实现， 客户端类似服务器端，只不过多了一个发送消息的LineEdit， 取名为txtInput， 发送按钮btnSend

代码（Ui_client.py）：

1. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
3. #
4. # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9.2
5. #
6. # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
8. from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
10. class Ui_Form(object):
11. def setupUi(self, Form):
12. Form.setObjectName( "Form")
13. Form.resize( 455, 366)
14. self.listUser = QtWidgets.QListWidget(Form)
15. self.listUser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect( 0, 10, 161, 341))
16. self.listUser.setObjectName( "listUser")
17. self.splitter_2 = QtWidgets.QSplitter(Form)
18. self.splitter_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect( 180, 10, 256, 341))
19. self.splitter_2.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Vertical)
20. self.splitter_2.setObjectName( "splitter_2")
21. self.setNameWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.splitter_2)
22. self.setNameWidget.setObjectName( "setNameWidget")
23. self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.setNameWidget)
24. self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins( 0, 0, 0, 0)
25. self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName( "horizontalLayout")
26. self.horizontalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
27. self.horizontalLayout_3.setObjectName( "horizontalLayout_3")
28. self.lbName = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.setNameWidget)
29. self.lbName.setObjectName( "lbName")
30. self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.lbName)
31. self.txtName = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.setNameWidget)
32. self.txtName.setObjectName( "txtName")
33. self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.txtName)
34. self.btnSet = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.setNameWidget)
35. self.btnSet.setObjectName( "btnSet")
36. self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.btnSet)
37. self.horizontalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_3)
38. self.browerChat = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.splitter_2)
39. self.browerChat.setObjectName( "browerChat")
40. self.layoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.splitter_2)
41. self.layoutWidget.setObjectName( "layoutWidget")
42. self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget)
43. self.horizontalLayout_2.setContentsMargins( 0, 0, 0, 0)
44. self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName( "horizontalLayout_2")
45. self.txtInput = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.layoutWidget)
46. self.txtInput.setObjectName( "txtInput")
47. self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.txtInput)
48. self.btnSend = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
49. self.btnSend.setObjectName( "btnSend")
50. self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.btnSend)
52. self.retranslateUi(Form)
53. QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)
55. def retranslateUi(self, Form):
56. _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
57. Form.setWindowTitle(_translate( "Form", "Form"))
58. self.lbName.setText(_translate( "Form", "name"))
59. self.txtName.setText(_translate( "Form", "deafault"))
60. self.btnSet.setText(_translate( "Form", "SetConnection"))
61. self.btnSend.setText(_translate( "Form", "Send"))
64. if __name__ == "__main__":
65. import sys
66. app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
67. Form = QtWidgets.QWidget()
68. ui = Ui_Form()
69. ui.setupUi(Form)
70. Form.show()
71. sys.exit(app.exec_())

client.py 代码：

1. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
3. """
4. Module implementing Client.
5. """
7. from PyQt5.QtCore import *
8. from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
9. from PyQt5.QtNetwork import *
11. from Ui_client import Ui_Form
12. import sys
13. import time
15. PORT = 26711
16. SIZEOF_UINT16 = 2
18. class Client(QWidget, Ui_Form):
19. """
20. Class documentation goes here.
21. """
22. def __init__(self, parent=None):
23. """
24. Constructor
26. @param parent reference to the parent widget
27. @type QWidget
28. """
29. super(Client, self).__init__(parent)
30. self.setupUi(self)
33. self.socket = QTcpSocket()
35. self.request = None
36. #self.nextBlockSize = 0
37. self.name = ''
39. #信号
40. #self.socket.connected.connected.connect(self.sendRequest)
41. self.socket.readyRead.connect(self.readResponse)
42. self.socket.disconnected.connect(self.serverHasStopped)
43. self.socket.error.connect(self.serverHasError)
44. #if self.socket.isOpen() == False:
45. #self.socket.connectToHost("localhost", PORT)
48. @pyqtSlot()
49. def on_btnSend_clicked(self):
50. """
51. Slot documentation goes here.
52. """
53. # TODO: not implemented yet
54. if self.socket.isOpen() :
55. #self.socket.disconnected.emit
56. self.socket.close()
57. self.socket.connectToHost( "localhost", PORT)
58. msg =self.name + ' '+\
59. time.strftime( '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time()))+ '\n'+\
60. self.txtInput.text()
61. self.issueRequest( 'MSG', msg)
62. self.txtInput.setText( '')
64. @pyqtSlot()
65. def on_txtInput_returnPressed(self):
66. """
67. Slot documentation goes here.
68. """
69. # TODO: not implemented yet
70. pass
72. @pyqtSlot()
73. def on_btnSet_clicked(self):
74. """
75. Slot documentation goes here.
76. """
77. if self.socket.isOpen() :
78. self.socket.close()
79. self.socket.connectToHost( "localhost", PORT)
80. # TODO: not implemented yet
81. self.name = self.txtName.text()
82. self.issueRequest( 'USER', self.name)
84. def issueRequest(self, action, msg):
85. print( 'sendRequest')
86. self.request= QByteArray()
87. stream = QDataStream(self.request, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
88. stream.writeUInt16( 0)
89. stream.writeQString(action)
90. stream.writeQString(msg)
91. stream.device().seek( 0)
92. stream.writeUInt16(self.request.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16) #overwrite seek(0)
94. self.socket.write(self.request)
95. self.nextBlockSize = 0
96. self.requst = None
98. def readResponse(self):
99. nextBlockSize = 0
100. stream = QDataStream(self.socket)
101. while 1:
102. if nextBlockSize == 0 :
103. if self.socket.bytesAvailable()
104. break
105. nextBlockSize = stream.readUInt16()
106. if self.socket.bytesAvailable() < nextBlockSize:
107. break
108. action = ''
109. msg = ''
110. action = stream.readQString()
111. msg = stream.readQString()
112. print(msg)
113. if action == 'MSG':
114. self.browerChat.append(msg)
115. if action == 'USER':
116. self.listUser.addItem( '*user*: '+ msg)
119. def serverHasStopped(self):
120. #self.issueRequest('CLOSE', self.name)
121. #self.socket.close()
122. print( 'socket is close')
124. def serverHasError(self, error):
126. self.socket.close()
129. if __name__ == '__main__':
130. app = QApplication(sys.argv)
131. dlg = Client()
132. dlg.show()
133. sys.exit(app.exec_())

运行结果如下：

之前的设计中经常出现Cannot create children for a parent that is in a different thread

Socket notifiers cannot be enabled or disabled from another thread等问题

但是以上代码是都解决了这些问题，当然还有很多不足之处，比如说用户列表那一块，懒得搞了，以后再说吧