本文示例是在 httpclient4.3.6 下进行的测试。####
package org.caeit.cloud.dev.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.caeit.cloud.dev.entity.HttpResponse;
public class HttpClientUtil {
/**
* 发送http get请求
*/
public static HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
String content = null;
//since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpGet.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http post 请求，参数以form表单键值对的形式提交。
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map params, Map headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
//HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
//组织请求参数
List paramList = new ArrayList ();
if(params != null && params.size() > 0){
Set keySet = params.keySet();
for(String key : keySet) {
paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
}
try {
httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, encode));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http post 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交
* @param url
* @param encode
* @return
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map headers, String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
//HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
//设置header
httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
//组织请求参数
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);
httpost.setEntity(stringEntity);
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
//响应信息
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http put 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交
* @param url
* @param encode
* @return
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map headers, String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
//HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPut httpput = new HttpPut(url);
//设置header
httpput.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpput.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
//组织请求参数
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);
httpput.setEntity(stringEntity);
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
//响应信息
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpput);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try {
closeableHttpClient.close(); //关闭连接、释放资源
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送http delete请求
*/
public static HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
String content = null;
//since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpDelete httpdelete = new HttpDelete(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpdelete.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpdelete);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http post 请求，支持文件上传
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPostFormMultipart(String url,Map params, List files,Map headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
MultipartEntityBuilder mEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
mEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
mEntityBuilder.setCharset(Charset.forName(encode));
// 普通参数
ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain",Charset.forName(encode));//解决中文乱码
if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
Set keySet = params.keySet();
for (String key : keySet) {
mEntityBuilder.addTextBody(key, params.get(key),contentType);
}
}
//二进制参数
if (files != null && files.size() > 0) {
for (File file : files) {
mEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody("file", file);
}
}
httpost.setEntity(mEntityBuilder.build());
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
}
发送Get请求：
HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map headers,String encode)
发送Post请求，同表单Post提交
HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map params, Map headers,String encode)
发送Post Raw请求
HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map headers, String encode)
发送Put Raw请求
HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map headers, String encode)
发送Delete请求
HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map headers,String encode)
说明：
1、since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient
2、UrlEncodedFormEntity 与 StringEntity 区别
2.1、UrlEncodedFormEntity()的形式比较单一，只能是普通的键值对，局限性相对较大。
2.2、而StringEntity()的形式比较自由，只要是字符串放进去，不论格式都可以。
3、以raw方式发送请求时，需指定 Content type：httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json"); 否则默认使用 Content type 'text/plain;charset=UTF-8'。