J2EE项目系列（三）--Spring Data JPA+Spring+SpringMVC+Maven快速开发（1）项目架构

好久没给大家弄Java后端项目系列了，因为接了Java后端外包以及学习一些后端优化的东西。而现在开始慢慢在这个系列的（三）逐渐把后端外包的一些有价值的东西分享给大家，并且自己也总结一遍嘛。

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文章结构：（1）项目环境搭建；（2）简单业务逻辑测试框架；（3）项目配置注意点；（4）快速开发上手技巧；

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一、项目环境搭建：

项目框架：Spring Data JPA+Spring+SpringMVC+Maven+JDK1.7+Tomcat7.0

使用IDEA开发

（1）Maven构建：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.fuzhugroupId>
  <artifactId>springdatajpaartifactId>
  <packaging>warpackaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
  <name>springdatajpa Maven Webappname>
  <url>http://maven.apache.orgurl>

  <properties>

    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>

    <maven.build.timestamp.format>yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmssmaven.build.timestamp.format>
    <buildNumber>${maven.build.timestamp}buildNumber>

    <maven.compiler.target>1.7maven.compiler.target>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7maven.compiler.source>

    <java-version>1.7java-version>

    <version-springframework>4.0.4.RELEASEversion-springframework>
    <version-slf4j>1.6.6version-slf4j>
    <version-hibernate.validator>5.0.1.Finalversion-hibernate.validator>
    <version-hibernate.jpa>1.0.1.Finalversion-hibernate.jpa>
    <version-hibernate>4.2.6.Finalversion-hibernate>
    <mysql.version>5.1.35mysql.version>

  properties>



  <dependencies>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expressionartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
      <exclusions>
        
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>commons-logginggroupId>
          <artifactId>commons-loggingartifactId>
        exclusion>
      exclusions>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-supportartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aopartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beansartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-txartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
      <version>${version-springframework}version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-coreartifactId>
      <version>${version-hibernate}version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanagerartifactId>
      <version>${version-hibernate}version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <artifactId>cglibartifactId>
          <groupId>cglibgroupId>
        exclusion>
        <exclusion>
          <artifactId>dom4jartifactId>
          <groupId>dom4jgroupId>
        exclusion>
      exclusions>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-validatorartifactId>
      <version>${version-hibernate.validator}version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistencegroupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-apiartifactId>
      <version>${version-hibernate.jpa}version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-ehcacheartifactId>
      <version>${version-hibernate}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.datagroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-data-jpaartifactId>
      <version>1.6.2.RELEASEversion>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectjgroupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjrtartifactId>
      <version>1.6.10version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-apiartifactId>
      <version>${version-slf4j}version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
      <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4jartifactId>
      <version>${version-slf4j}version>
      <scope>runtimescope>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4jgroupId>
      <artifactId>log4jartifactId>
      <version>1.2.17version>
    dependency>
    

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-apiartifactId>
      <version>1.7.7version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12artifactId>
      <version>1.7.12version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-apiartifactId>
      <version>3.0-alpha-1version>
      <scope>providedscope>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jspgroupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-apiartifactId>
      <version>2.2version>
      <scope>providedscope>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
      <artifactId>jstlartifactId>
      <version>1.2version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
      <artifactId>druidartifactId>
      <version>1.0.0version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
      <version>${mysql.version}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-lang3artifactId>
      <version>3.3.2version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileuploadgroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileuploadartifactId>
      <version>1.3.1version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-digester3artifactId>
      <version>3.2version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-iogroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-ioartifactId>
      <version>2.4version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-execartifactId>
      <version>1.2version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-beanutilsgroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-beanutilsartifactId>
      <version>1.9.1version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-codecgroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-codecartifactId>
      <version>1.9version>
    dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cglibgroupId>
      <artifactId>cglibartifactId>
      <version>2.2.2version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
      <artifactId>fastjsonartifactId>
      <version>1.2.5version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-coreartifactId>
      <version>2.1.0version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
      <version>2.1.0version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotationsartifactId>
      <version>2.1.0version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hamcrestgroupId>
      <artifactId>hamcrest-coreartifactId>
      <version>1.3version>
      <scope>testscope>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hamcrestgroupId>
      <artifactId>hamcrest-libraryartifactId>
      <version>1.3version>
      <scope>testscope>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junitgroupId>
      <artifactId>junitartifactId>
      <version>4.12version>
      <scope>testscope>
    dependency>

  dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springdatajpafinalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.7source>
          <target>1.7target>
        configuration>
      plugin>
    plugins>
  build>
project>

（2）.spring配置文件：

<beans  xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${database.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${database.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${database.password}" />
        
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
        
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="false" />
        
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="1800000" />
        
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="1800000" />
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" />

    bean>


    
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
    bean>

    
    <bean id="jpaVendorAdapter"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
        <property name="showSql" value="false" />
    bean>

    
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="com.ima" />
        
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaVendorAdapter" />
        
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    bean>


    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.ima.repository" />

    
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>


beans>

（3）.springMVC的配置：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">


    
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ima.controller" use-default-filters="false">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice" />
    context:component-scan>


    
    <bean id="resourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
            <list>
                <value>application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8value>
            list>
        property>
    bean>

    
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    bean>


    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            
            <bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            bean>
        mvc:message-converters>
    mvc:annotation-driven>
beans>

（4）.数据源的配置：

database.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/aidou?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
database.username=root
database.password=751197996
database.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

（5）.log4j的日志配置（见源码）

（6）.JPA的配置包，指定持久化单元：

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    version="2.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="com.ima" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">

        
        <shared-cache-mode>ENABLE_SELECTIVEshared-cache-mode>
        <properties>
            
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect"/>

            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql:///aidou" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="751197996" />

            <property name="hibernate.connection.charSet" value="UTF-8" />
            
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
            
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
            
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.use_sql_comments" value="true" />

             
            
            <property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="20" />
            <property name="hibernate.default_batch_fetch_size" value="10" />

            
            
            <property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" value="true" />
            
            <property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" value="true" />
            
            <property name="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory" />
            <property name="hibernate.generate_statistics" value="true" />

        properties>
    persistence-unit>
persistence>

（7）.web.xml配置

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
            http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Applicationdisplay-name>
  
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
    <param-value>classpath:META-INF/spring/spring-jpa.xmlparam-value>
  context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
  listener>
  
  <context-param>
    <param-name>log4jConfigLocationparam-name>
    <param-value>classpath:META-INF/log4j.propertiesparam-value>
  context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListenerlistener-class>
  listener>

  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>Set Character Encodingfilter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encodingparam-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8param-value>
    init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncodingparam-name>
      <param-value>trueparam-value>
    init-param>
  filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>Set Character Encodingfilter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
  filter-mapping>

  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>appServletservlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
      <param-value>classpath:META-INF/springmvc/spring-mvc.xmlparam-value>
    init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
  servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>appServletservlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
  servlet-mapping>

  <filter>
    <filter-name>Spring OpenEntityManagerInViewFilterfilter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilterfilter-class>
    <init-param>
      
      <param-name>entityManagerFactoryBeanNameparam-name>
      <param-value>entityManagerFactoryparam-value>
    init-param>
  filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>Spring OpenEntityManagerInViewFilterfilter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
  filter-mapping>




  
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>DruidWebStatFilterfilter-name>
    <filter-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilterfilter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>exclusionsparam-name>
      <param-value>*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*param-value>
    init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>sessionStatMaxCountparam-name>
      <param-value>1000param-value>
    init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>sessionStatEnableparam-name>
      <param-value>falseparam-value>
    init-param>
  filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>DruidWebStatFilterfilter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
  filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DruidStatViewservlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServletservlet-class>
    <init-param>
      
      <param-name>resetEnableparam-name>
      <param-value>trueparam-value>
    init-param>
    <init-param>
      
      <param-name>loginUsernameparam-name>
      <param-value>druidparam-value>
    init-param>
    <init-param>
      
      <param-name>loginPasswordparam-name>
      <param-value>druidparam-value>
    init-param>
  servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DruidStatViewservlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/druid/*url-pattern>
  servlet-mapping>
web-app>

这样就完成了工程的配置了！！！

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二、简单业务逻辑测试框架

简单的bean：（为了偷懒就用JPA自动建表了，不过后面会给出sql，而且JPA自动建表有坑！！）

//积分变化记录
@Entity
@Table(name = "i_dou_change")
public class IDouChange {
    private Long id;
    //积分变化的类型，拉黑或者在线或者充值
    private String changeType;
    private Date createTime;
    //积分变化数
    private Integer iDouCount;
    //积分变化者
    private User user;


    public IDouChange() {
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }


    @Column(name = "change_type")
    public String getChangeType() {
        return changeType;
    }

    public void setChangeType(String changeType) {
        this.changeType = changeType;
    }

    @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
    @Column(name = "create_time",nullable=true,columnDefinition="timestamp default current_timestamp")
    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    @Column(name = "i_dou_count")
    public Integer getiDouCount() {
        return iDouCount;
    }

    public void setiDouCount(Integer iDouCount) {
        this.iDouCount = iDouCount;
    }
//简单的多对一
    @JoinColumn(name="user_id")
    @ManyToOne(fetch= FetchType.LAZY)
    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
}

对应的repository接口dao

@Repository
public interface AiDouChangeRepository extends JpaRepository<IDouChange, Long> {

}

对应的service

@Service
public class AiDouService {
    @Autowired
    private AiDouChangeRepository aiDouChangeRepository;
    public void save(IDouChange iDouChange){
        aiDouChangeRepository.save(iDouChange);
    }

}

写个测试的controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Autowired
    private AiDouService aiDouService;


    //test：
    @RequestMapping(value = "/test", method = {RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST}, produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8")
    //测试嘛
    public String test(String type, Integer iDouCount )  {
        DTO dto = new DTO();
        IDouChange iDouChange = new IDouChange();
        iDouChange.setChangeType(type);
        iDouChange.setiDouCount(iDouCount);
        aiDouService.save(iDouChange);
        if (iDouChange == null) {
            dto.code = "-1";
            dto.msg = "Have bean registered";
            return JSON.toJSONString(dto);
        } else {
            return JSON.toJSONString(iDouChange);
        }
    }
}

然后？？直接部署呀！！对应传参，测试成功咯！！！

一对多没实现关联，傻逼的插入就是这样的啦

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三、项目配置注意点：

还有就是在web.xml中映射好spring文件以及springMVC文件

四、快速开发上手技巧：

（1）在一般项目时，使用这个框架Spring Data JPA+Spring+SpringMVC+Maven，快速映射dao层即可编写业务

（2）接口文档工具，swagger+postman，让前端移动端更快速接入

（3）数据库最好还是新建好导入，再用IDEA的persistence导入，这样的话，编码问题就不会出现太多。用IDEA的persistence导入姿势

（4）虽然不建议用jpa自动建表，因为有编码问题，不懂的人，就尴尬了，要搞很久，这个系列的第三篇博客会讲解怎么解决这个的编码问题。

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源码下载：J2EE项目系列（三）–Spring Data JPA+Spring+SpringMVC+Maven快速开发（1）项目架构

好了，J2EE项目系列（三）–Spring Data JPA+Spring+SpringMVC+Maven快速开发（1）项目架构讲完了。本博客是这个系列的第一篇，所以先讲下项目架构。另外，这个系列还有一些我在外包项目过程中做的优化，七牛云，云旺IM等使用，以及解决一些小bug等等技巧，我会尽快出完给大家，分享经验给大家。欢迎在下面指出错误，共同学习！！你的点赞是对我最好的支持！！

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