网站登录经常会需要验证码,下面就是我实现的一个简单的验证码功能。
后台框架使用的是springMVC+spring+hibernate,前端页面使用的是html+freemarker。
1、验证码工具类
public class GetRandomCodeUtil { public static byte[] getImage(String code){ int lengh=code.length(); int fsize=15;//字体大小 int fwidth=fsize+1; int width=fwidth*lengh+6;//图片宽度 int height=fsize*2+1;//图片高度 BufferedImage image=new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics g=image.createGraphics(); g.setColor(Color.WHITE); g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); //设置边框颜色 g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY); //边框字体样式 g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, height - 2)); //绘制边框 g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height -1); //绘制噪点 Random rand = new Random(); //设置噪点颜色 g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY); for(int i = 0;i < lengh * 6;i++){ int x = rand.nextInt(width); int y = rand.nextInt(height); //绘制1*1大小的矩形 g.drawRect(x, y, 1, 1); } //绘制验证码 int codeY = height - 10; //设置字体颜色和样式 g.setColor(new Color(19,148,246)); g.setFont(new Font("Georgia", Font.BOLD, fsize)); for(int i = 0; i < lengh;i++){ g.drawString(String.valueOf(code.charAt(i)), i * 16 + 5, codeY); } //关闭资源 g.dispose(); ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); JPEGImageEncoder jpeg = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(bos); byte[] bts=null; try { jpeg.encode(image); bts = bos.toByteArray(); } catch (ImageFormatException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return bts; } public static String GetCode(int length){ char[] codes={'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9', 'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i', 'j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t', 'u','v','w','x','y','z','A','B','C', 'D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L', 'M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V', 'W','X','Y','Z'}; int n=codes.length; char[] result=new char[length]; for(int i=0;i<result.length;i++){ int r=(int) (Math.random()*n); result[i]=codes[r]; } return String.valueOf(result); } }
说明:主要通过java.awt包和Java随机数来实现将随机生成的验证码变成一个图片,工具类中可以自定义验证码数据库(见codes数组)。
二、控制层(cotroller)代码
@Controller("loginControl") public class LoginControl { @RequestMapping(value={"/code"},method=RequestMethod.GET) public void code(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException{ String imageCode=GetRandomCodeUtil.GetCode(4); byte[] b=GetRandomCodeUtil.getImage(imageCode); req.getSession().setAttribute("code", imageCode); req.getSession().setMaxInactiveInterval(60000); res.setContentType("image/jpeg"); res.setBufferSize(2048); res.getOutputStream().write(b); } }
说明:调用工具类生成随机验证码,并存入session中,之后将验证码图片返回给前端页面。
三、前端页面代码(部分代码)
<#assign WEB_PATH = request.getContextPath()> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>登录</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="${WEB_PATH}/css/login.css" type="text/css" charset="utf-8"/> <script src="${WEB_PATH}/js/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body style="background:#3e6dbb;"> <div class="loginCon"> <div class="login"> <img src="${WEB_PATH}/images/loginLogo.png" alt="" width="701" height="125" /> <div class="area"> <form method="post" onkeyup="keyUp(event)"> <!-- <p> <label><input type="radio" name="userType" id="normal" value="0" checked="checked"/>超级管理员</label> <label><input type="radio" name="userType" id="enterprise" value="1"/>业务管理员</label> </p> --> <p> <label><input type="hidden" name="userType" id="normal" value="0" /></label> </p> <p>用户名:<input type="text" name="name" id="name" class="inputW" /></p> <p>密 码:<input type="password" name="password" id="pwd" class="inputW" /></p> <p>验证码:<input type="text" name="code" id="code" class="inputW" /> <img alt="看不清 换一张" src="${WEB_PATH}/code" onclick="refresh()" id="image"></img></p> <p class="pBtn"><input type="button" value=" " class="inputBtn" onclick="login()"/></p> </form> </div> </div> </div> <script> function refresh(){ $("#image").attr("src","${WEB_PATH}/code?timestamp="+new Date().getTime()); } </script> </body> </html>