Windows内存机制解析(二)源代码

//myallocator.h

#ifndef _MYALLOCATOR_
#define _MYALLOCATOR_

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

namespace MyLib {
template <class T>
class MyAlloc {
public:
static HANDLE hHeap;
// type definitions
typedef T value_type;
typedef T* pointer;
typedef const T* const_pointer;
typedef T& reference;
typedef const T& const_reference;
typedef size_t size_type;
typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;

// rebind allocator to type U
template <class U>
struct rebind {
typedef MyAlloc<U> other;
};

// return address of values
pointer address (reference value) const {
return &value;
}
const_pointer address (const_reference value) const {
return &value;
}

/* constructors and destructor
* - nothing to do because the allocator has no state
*/
MyAlloc() throw() {
}
MyAlloc(const MyAlloc&) throw() {
}
~MyAlloc() throw() {
}

// return maximum number of elements that can be allocated
size_type max_size () const throw() {
size_type N;
N=(size_type)(-1)/ sizeof(T);

return (0 < N ? N : 1);
}

// allocate but don't initialize num elements of type T
pointer allocate (size_type num, const void* = 0) {
// print message and allocate memory with global new
/*std::cerr << "allocate " << num << " element(s)"
<< " of size " << sizeof(T) << std::endl;
*/
pointer ret = (pointer)(HeapAlloc(hHeap,0,num*sizeof(T)));
// std::cerr << " allocated at: " << (void*)ret << std::endl;
return ret;
}
char *_Charalloc(size_type N)//vc 所附带的stl的特色
{
return (char*)HeapAlloc(hHeap,0,N*sizeof(T));
}
// initialize elements of allocated storage p with value value
void construct (pointer p, const T& value) {
// initialize memory with placement new
new((void*)p)T(value);
}

// destroy elements of initialized storage p
void destroy (pointer p) {
// destroy objects by calling their destructor
p->~T();
}

// deallocate storage p of deleted elements
//原本应该为pointer
void deallocate (void* p, size_type num) {
// print message and deallocate memory with global delete
/*
std::cerr << "deallocate " << num << " element(s)"
<< " of size " << sizeof(T)
<< " at: " << (void*)p << std::endl;
*/
HeapFree(hHeap,0,(void*)p);
}
};

// return that all specializations of this allocator are interchangeable
template <class T1, class T2>
bool operator== (const MyAlloc<T1>&,
const MyAlloc<T2>&) throw() {
return true;
}
template <class T1, class T2>
bool operator!= (const MyAlloc<T1>&,
const MyAlloc<T2>&) throw() {
return false;
}
}//end namespace MyLib
#endif

//teststlmem.cpp

/*
written by leezy_2000
03-9-5 15:12
*/
#include "stdafx.h"

#pragma warning(disable:4786)

//#define _STLP_USE_MALLOC
#include "myallocator.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <windows.h>
#include <Tlhelp32.h>

typedef unsigned long ULONG_PTR, *PULONG_PTR;

using namespace std;

/*
本程序需要注意的几点：

1、在实现自己的分配器，这样可以使stl容器的变化不影响我们要监测的堆

2、容器只能用vector否则任何堆的任何变化将导致Heap32Next始终返回TRUE
这应该是微软的bug

3、分配内存失败的时候应该抛出std::bad_alloc内存，此处考虑不会出现低
内存的情况，没抛出此异常。即认定自编写分配器分配内存时不会失败。
*/

//用于比较堆内存块的仿函数
//以块大小来判定两个HEAPENTRY32的大小
class HeapInfoCompare
{
public:
bool operator() (const HEAPENTRY32& he1,const HEAPENTRY32& he2) const
{
return (he1.dwBlockSize < he2.dwBlockSize);
}
};

typedef vector < HEAPENTRY32, MyLib::MyAlloc<HEAPENTRY32> > HEAPENTRYSET;

void heapinfo(HEAPENTRYSET& hset,ULONG_PTR heapid);

void getheapid(set<ULONG_PTR>& heapid)
{
HANDLE hSnapShot=CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST,GetCurrentProcessId());
HEAPLIST32 heaplist32;

heaplist32.dwSize=sizeof(HEAPLIST32);

BOOL bRet=Heap32ListFirst(hSnapShot,&heaplist32);

while(bRet)
{
heapid.insert(heaplist32.th32HeapID);

cout<<heaplist32.th32HeapID<<endl;

bRet=Heap32ListNext(hSnapShot,&heaplist32);
}
CloseHandle(hSnapShot);

cout<<"the end"<<endl;
}

HANDLE MyLib::MyAlloc<HEAPENTRY32>::hHeap=NULL;

HANDLE hHeap;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
//枚举此时所有堆并在建立新堆后再次枚举这样从中剔除新建堆
set<ULONG_PTR> heapid1,heapid2,heapid3;

getheapid(heapid1);

hHeap=HeapCreate(0,0,0);

getheapid(heapid2);

insert_iterator<set<ULONG_PTR> > iter(heapid3,heapid3.begin());

set_difference(heapid2.begin(),heapid2.end(),heapid1.begin(),heapid1.end(),
iter);

set<ULONG_PTR>::iterator pos;
ULONG_PTR newheapid;

for( pos=heapid3.begin(); pos !=heapid3.end(); ++pos)
{
cout<<"The new heap id is/t"<<(*pos)<<endl;
newheapid=*pos;
}

MyLib::MyAlloc<HEAPENTRY32>::hHeap=hHeap;

//vector<int, MyLib::MyAlloc<int> > v1;
HEAPENTRYSET heapset1,heapset2,heapset3;

heapset1.reserve(400);//保证vector不自动增长
heapset2.reserve(400);
heapset3.reserve(400);

int size;

heapinfo(heapset1,newheapid);

sort(heapset1.begin(),heapset1.end(),HeapInfoCompare());

size=heapset1.size();

HANDLE hCurHeap=GetProcessHeap();

//HeapAlloc(hCurHeap,HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,4*1024);

char* p=new char[4*1024];

//GlobalAlloc(GHND,4*1024);

char* q=(char*)malloc(4*1024);

cout<< "the p is"<<(int)p<<endl;

heapinfo(heapset2,newheapid);

sort(heapset2.begin(),heapset2.end(),HeapInfoCompare());
size=heapset2.size();

insert_iterator<HEAPENTRYSET> miter(heapset3,heapset3.begin());

set_difference(heapset2.begin(),heapset2.end(),heapset1.begin(),heapset1.end(),
miter,HeapInfoCompare());

size=heapset3.size();

HEAPENTRYSET::iterator mpos;
for( mpos=heapset3.begin(); mpos !=heapset3.end(); ++mpos)
{
cout<<"The size of the different block is/t"<<(*mpos).dwBlockSize<<"/tand the addresss is/t"<<(*mpos).dwAddress<<"/tdwFlags is/t"<<(*mpos).dwFlags <<endl;
cout<<"The heapid is:/t"<<(*mpos).th32HeapID <<endl;
}

return 0;
}
void heapinfo(HEAPENTRYSET& hset,ULONG_PTR hid)
{
HANDLE hSnapShot=CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST,GetCurrentProcessId());
HEAPLIST32 heaplist32;

heaplist32.dwSize=sizeof(HEAPLIST32);

BOOL bRet=Heap32ListFirst(hSnapShot,&heaplist32);

static int i=0;

while(bRet)
{
HEAPENTRY32 he32;
DWORD totalsize=0,freesize=0;

if(heaplist32.th32HeapID==hid)
{
bRet=Heap32ListNext(hSnapShot,&heaplist32);
continue;
}

DWORD number=10;
HANDLE ProcessHeap[10];

DWORD numget=GetProcessHeaps(number,ProcessHeap);

HANDLE hHeap=GetProcessHeap();

he32.dwSize=sizeof(HEAPENTRY32);

Heap32First(&he32,heaplist32.th32ProcessID,heaplist32.th32HeapID);

if(he32.dwFlags & LF32_FREE)
freesize +=he32.dwBlockSize;

totalsize +=he32.dwBlockSize;

cout<< "the heapid is :"<<he32.th32HeapID<<endl;
cout<<"the information of first block: "<< "Blocksize: "<<he32.dwBlockSize<<"/t Address: "<<(LONG)he32.dwAddress<<endl;

if((he32.dwFlags & LF32_FIXED) || (he32.dwFlags & LF32_MOVEABLE))
hset.push_back(he32);

while(Heap32Next(&he32))
{
cout<< "the information of block: " << "Blocksize: "<<he32.dwBlockSize<<"/t Address: "<<(LONG)he32.dwAddress<<endl;

totalsize +=he32.dwBlockSize;

if(he32.dwFlags & LF32_FREE)
freesize +=he32.dwBlockSize;

//cout<< ++i <<endl;
if((he32.dwFlags & LF32_FIXED) || (he32.dwFlags & LF32_MOVEABLE))
hset.push_back(he32);
//char*p =(char*)malloc(300);

}

cout<<"the total size of heap is: "<<totalsize<<endl;
cout<<"the free size of heap is: "<<freesize <<endl;
cout<<"the commited size of heap is: "<<(totalsize-freesize)<<endl;

bRet=Heap32ListNext(hSnapShot,&heaplist32);
}

CloseHandle(hSnapShot);

cout<<"the end"<<endl;
}