关于springmvc3的web.xml 配置方式归纳
方法一：最简单的（已测试）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>xxx</display-name> <!-- 使controller中可以直接使用request和response对象 --> <!-- <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class> </listener> --> <!-- 编码拦截 --> <!-- <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> --> <!-- springmvc --> <servlet> <servlet-name>app</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>app</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 欢迎页面 --> <!-- <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/login.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> --> <!-- session 有效时间 ,单位是分 --> <!-- <session-config> <session-timeout>120</session-timeout> </session-config> --> </web-app>已经注释掉的都是可有可无的配置，就不解释了，由于没有指定springmvc的配置文件位置，spring会采用默认加载方式：/WEB-INF/servlet-name + 'servlet.xml',
显然 我们这里servlet-name是app，那么spring会默认找/WEB-INF/app-servlet.xml (注意默认加载的路劲是/WEB-INF/)
方法一：指定特定名称的配置文件（已测试）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>xxx</display-name>
<!-- 使controller中可以直接使用request和response对象 -->
<!-- <listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
</listener> -->
<!-- 编码拦截 -->
<!--
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
-->
<!-- springmvc -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
/WEB-INF/abc-context.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 欢迎页面 -->
<!-- <welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list> -->
<!-- session 有效时间 ,单位是分 -->
<!-- <session-config>
<session-timeout>120</session-timeout>
</session-config> -->
</web-app>
只需在spring 中 DispatcherServlet 的servlet中添加（注意位置）
<init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/abc-context.xml</param-value> </init-param>如果你想将springmvc不同的配置（如：application上下文，数据库配置，bean的初始化，事务，以及关于HandleMapping、ViewResolver等的初始化）放在不同的xml里，便于管理
可以通过在abc-context.xml中加入：
<import resource="a-mysql.xml"/> <pre name="code" class="html"><import resource="b-beans.xml"/>
当然 你也可以全部放在web.xml中：
<pre name="code" class="html"><init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/abc-context.xml,/WEB-INF/a-context.xml,/WEB-INF/b-context.xml</param-value> </init-param>
下面与本题无关，是关于网上对于springmvc配置的一些奇怪方式，不是很理解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>xxx</display-name>
<!-- springmvc -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 不解之处 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/a.xml,/WEB-INF/b.xml,/WEB-INF/c.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>首先，由于web.xml中 DispatcherServlet未指定
<init-param>
应该采用默认方式，加载/WEB-INF/app-servlet.xml ，直接用我介绍的方式多好，为嘛还要用ContextLoaderListener 去装载另一个xml，
我测试了下，如果如下配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>xxx</display-name>
<!-- springmvc -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--不解之处-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/app-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
发现
app-servlet.xml被加载了2遍，所以我个人认为，当你采用springmvc时，没有必要放入：
<!--不解之处--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/app-servlet.xml</param-value> </context-param>
仅仅代表个人见解~~~有说的不对的地方真心希望大家指正