Redis 和Python Client的QuickStart

整理自  Redis QuickStart   http://redis.io/topics/quickstart

Redis 源码使用C 编写， 不依赖其他软件包，只要系统有gcc 和libc 就可以使用如下 基于源码的编译安装，不推荐使用系统的包管理器（如yum) 安装redis, 理由是安装后的版本可能不是最新的稳定版

wget http://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
tar xvzf redis-stable.tar.gz
cd redis-stable
make

使用make test 验证是否build 正常 （这一步是可选的）

由于系统没有安装tcl, 刚开始执行make test 报错，

[root@cos65 redis-stable]# make test
cd src && make test
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/redis-stable/src'
You need tcl 8.5 or newer in order to run the Redis test
make[1]: *** [test] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis-stable/src'
make: *** [test] 错误 2

yum install tcl.x86_64 后，再次执行make test 通过，结果显示

\o/ All tests passed without errors!

make 之后在 src 目录下编译生成如下binary

[root@cos65 src]# ls redis-* | grep -v "\.c\|\.o"
redis-benchmark
redis-check-aof
redis-check-dump
redis-cli
redis-sentinel
redis-server

各binary作用如下

<strong>redis-server</strong> is the Redis Server itself.
<strong>redis-sentinel</strong> is the Redis Sentinel executable (monitoring and failover).
<strong>redis-cli</strong> is the command line interface utility to talk with Redis.
<strong>redis-benchmark</strong> is used to check Redis performances.
<strong>redis-check-aof</strong> and <strong>redis-check-dump</strong> are useful in the rare event of corrupted data files.

可以手工copy 各binary到系统的相关目录（如/usr/local/bin) 也可以通过make install 完成

[root@cos65 redis-stable]# make install
cd src && make install
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/redis-stable/src'

Hint: To run 'make test' is a good idea ;)

    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/redis-stable/src'
[root@cos65 redis-stable]# which redis-server
/usr/local/bin/redis-server

输入redis-server 启动,  由于没有指定配置文件，所有配置使用内部的默认值，

[root@cos65 redis-stable]# redis-server
[5507] 24 Sep 20:54:02.109 #<span style="color:#ff0000;"><strong> Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf</strong></span>
[5507] 24 Sep 20:54:02.110 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
                _._                                                  
           _.-``__ ''-._                                             
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 2.8.13 (00000000/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._                                   
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in stand alone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 5507
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       
          `-._        _.-'                                           
              `-.__.-'                                               

[5507] 24 Sep 20:54:02.112 # Server started, Redis version 2.8.13
[5507] 24 Sep 20:54:02.112 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
[5507] 24 Sep 20:54:02.112 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port 6379

如将redis 用于生产环境，指定配置文件，

以源码包中的redis.conf 为模板，copy 到/etc/ 目录，启动时指定配置文件  redis-server /etc/redis.conf

[root@cos65 redis-stable]# redis-server /etc/redis.conf
[5552] 24 Sep 21:52:58.986 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).

使用内置客户端  redis-cli 验证server 正常工作

[root@cos65 ~]# redis-cli ping
PONG
[root@cos65 ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG
127.0.0.1:6379> set mykey somevalue
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get mykey
"somevalue"
127.0.0.1:6379> 

redis 支持的完整客户端列表  http://redis.io/clients

使用python 客户端redis-py 与server 交互，

首先安装redis-py,  pip install redis

[root@cos65 ~]# pip install redis
Downloading/unpacking redis
  Downloading redis-2.10.3.tar.gz (86kB): 86kB downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package redis
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '__pycache__'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found under directory 'tests'
Installing collected packages: redis
  Running setup.py install for redis
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '__pycache__'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found under directory 'tests'
Successfully installed redis
Cleaning up...

通过导入 redis 模块调用客户端执行查询与设值，

[root@cos65 ~]# python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Nov 22 2013, 12:16:22) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>><strong> import redis</strong>
>>> <strong>r = redis.StrictRedis(host='localhost', port=6379, db=0)</strong>
>>> <strong>r.get('mykey')</strong>
'somevalue'
>>><strong> r.set('foo', 'bar')</strong>
True
>>> <strong>r.get('foo')</strong>
'bar'