nginx使用总结
nginx主页：http://nginx.org/
nginx for windows：http://nginx.org/en/docs/windows.html
学习nginx：http://wiki.nginx.org/GettingStarted
以下为location的demo，汇总常见配置以及它们的对比：
demo1（匹配度由低到高）：
#1
location / {
return 500;
}
#2
location /a/ {
return 404;
}
#3
location ~* \.jpg$ {
return 403;
}
#4
location ^~ /a/ {
return 402;
}
#5
location /a/1.jpg {
return 401;
}
#6
location = /a/1.jpg {
return 400;
}
demo2（关于安全性）：
location ~* \.php$ {
proxy_pass http://www.baidu.com;
}
location ^~ /upload/ {
if ($request_filename ! ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|zip|rar|txt)$) {
return 403;
}
alias /home/www/html/upload/;
}
demo3（正则按顺序匹配）：
location ~* \.jpg$ {
return 402;
}
location ~* 1\.jpg$ {
return 403;
}
实例一：
news.maijia.com下的请求归档到www.maijia.com/news下
#设定负载均衡的服务器列表
upstream maijia_servers {
server 127.0.0.1:8388 weight=5 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=600s;
server 127.0.0.1:8389 weight=5 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=600s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name maijia.com www.maijia.com;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp index.php;
location = / {
proxy_pass http://maijia_servers;
}
location ~ ^(/bbjk|/dpjk|/btyh|/ztc|/hqfx|/aboutus) {
proxy_pass http://maijia_servers;
}
location ~ /news/.+\.(log|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|html|cfm|cfc|afp|asp|lasso|pl|py|txt|fla|swf|zip)$ {
rewrite ^/news/(.*)$ /$1 break;
root D:\\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\\maijia\\news\\news-rest-web\\src\\main\\webapp;
expires 1d;
}
location ~ /news/.+\.(js|css|less)$ {
rewrite ^/news/(.*)$ /$1 break;
root D:\\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\\maijia\\news\\news-rest-web\\src\\main\\webapp;
expires 2h;
}
location ~* ^.+\.(log|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|html|cfm|cfc|afp|asp|lasso|pl|py|txt|fla|swf|zip)$ {
root D:\\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\\maijia\\api\\api-rest-web\\src\\main\\webapp;
expires 1d;
}
location ~* ^.+\.(js|css|less)$ {
root D:\\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\\maijia\\api\\api-rest-web\\src\\main\\webapp;
expires 2h;
}
location ~ /news {
rewrite ^/news(.*)$ /$1 break;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8688;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 120;
proxy_read_timeout 120;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
add_header Pragma "no-cache";
add_header Cache-Control "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0";
#proxy_redirect http://127.0.0.1:8688 http://www.maijia.com;
}
# location ~* ^.+\.(log|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|html|cfm|cfc|afp|asp|lasso|pl|py|txt|fla|swf|zip)$ {
# root D:\\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\\maijia\\news\\news-rest-web\\src\\main\\webapp;
# expires 1d;
#}
#location ~* ^.+\.(js|css|less)$ {
# root D:\\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\\maijia\\news\\news-rest-web\\src\\main\\webapp;
# expires 2h;
# }
location ~* / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:7677;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 1128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 11190;
proxy_send_timeout 11120;
proxy_read_timeout 11120;
proxy_buffer_size 1114k;
proxy_buffers 4 1132k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 1164k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 1164k;
proxy_ignore_client_abort on;
add_header Pragma "no-cache";
add_header Cache-Control "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0";
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name news.maijia.com;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp index.php;
#location ~* ^.+\.(log|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|html|cfm|cfc|afp|asp|lasso|pl|py|txt|fla|swf|zip)$ {
# root /data/project/maijia_app/code;
# expires 1d;
#}
#location ~* ^.+\.(js|css|less)$ {
# root /data/project/maijia_app/code;
# expires 2h;
# }
if ($host ~* ^news.maijia.com$) {
rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.maijia.com/news/$1 permanent;
}
#location ~* / {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8688;
# proxy_redirect off;
# proxy_set_header Host $host;
# proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
# proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
# client_max_body_size 10m;
# client_body_buffer_size 1128k;
# proxy_connect_timeout 11190;
# proxy_send_timeout 11120;
# proxy_read_timeout 11120;
# proxy_buffer_size 1114k;
# proxy_buffers 4 1132k;
# proxy_busy_buffers_size 1164k;
# proxy_temp_file_write_size 1164k;
# proxy_ignore_client_abort on;
# add_header Pragma "no-cache";
# add_header Cache-Control "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0";
# }
}
实例二：
访问cdn.maijia.com/images/跳转到img.maijia.com
server {
listen 80;
server_name cdn.maijia.com;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp index.php;
location ~ /images/.+\.(log|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|html|cfm|cfc|afp|asp|lasso|pl|py|txt|fla|swf|zip)$ {
rewrite ^/images/(.*)$ http://img.maijia.com/$1 permanent;
}
location ~* ^.+\.(log|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|html|cfm|cfc|afp|asp|lasso|pl|py|txt|fla|swf|zip)$ {
root D:\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\fe\cdn;
expires 1d;
}
location ~* ^.+\.(js|css|less)$ {
root D:\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\fe\cdn;
expires 2h;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name img.maijia.com;
index index.html index.htm index.jsp index.php;
location ~* ^.+\.(log|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|html|cfm|cfc|afp|asp|lasso|pl|py|txt|fla|swf|zip)$ {
root D:\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\fe\img;
expires 1d;
}
location ~* ^.+\.(js|css|less)$ {
root D:\workspace-sts-3.5.1.RELEASE\fe\img;
expires 2h;
}
}
其他blog：
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-01/95493.htm