RPM方式安装MySQL5.6

RPM方式安装MySQL5.6
a. 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）
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[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
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mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
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[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*
b. 下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，如下：
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[root@localhost rpm]# ll
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total 74364
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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
c. 安装MySQL
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[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
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#修改配置文件位置
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[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
d. 初始化MySQL及设置密码
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[root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
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[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start
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[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root账号密码
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# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl
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[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
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mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #设置密码为123456
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mysql> exit
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[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
e. 允许远程登陆
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mysql> use mysql;
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mysql> select host,user,password from user;
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+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
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| host                  | user | password                                  |
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+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
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| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
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| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
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| 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
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| ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
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+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
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mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
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mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
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mysql> flush privileges;
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mysql> exit
f. 设置开机自启动
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[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on
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[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
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mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
g. MySQL的默认安装位置
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/var/lib/mysql/               #数据库目录
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/usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目录
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/usr/bin                     #相关命令目录
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/etc/init.d/mysql              #启动脚本


修改字符集和数据存储路径
配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.
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[client] 
password        = 123456 
port            = 3306 
default-character-set=utf8 
[mysqld] 
port            = 3306 
character_set_server=utf8 
character_set_client=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_general_ci 
#(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写) 
lower_case_table_names=1 
#(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; ) 
max_connections=1000 
[mysql] 
default-character-set = utf8 

查看字符集
show variables like '%collation%';
show variables like '%char%';