标准C++中的数字和字符串间的转换(转帖)
一、标准C下的数字和字符串间的转换通过ssprinf和sscanf来实现的。示例如下:
int Number = 123; // number to convert char Result[16]; // string which will contain the number sprintf ( Result, "%d", Number ); // %d makes the result be a decimal integer (%d业可写成%x(16进制)%h(8进制)) char Text[] = "456"; // string to be converted int Result; // number which will contain the result sscanf ( Text, "%d", &Result );
二.C++的字符串时string类,它的转换和标C是完全不同的,主要通过ostringstream和istringstream实现。
int Number = 123; // number to be converted to a string string Result; // string which will contain the result ostringstream convert; // stream used for the conversion convert << Number; // insert the textual representation of 'Number' in the characters in the stream; Result = convert.str(); // set 'Result' to the contents of the stream string String = static_cast<ostringstream*>( &(ostringstream() << hex << Number) )->str();//Convert string(hexadecimal base) string Text = "456"; // string containing the number int Result; //number which will contain the result istringstream convert(Text); // stringstream used for the conversion constructed with the contents of 'Text' // ie: the stream will start containing the characters of 'Text' if ( !(convert >> hex >> Result) ) //give the value to 'Result' using the characters in the stream(hexadecimal base) Result = 0; //if that fails set 'Result' to 0
我们也可以用自定义的模板实现
template <typename T> string NumberToString ( T Number ) { ostringstream ss; ss << Number; return ss.str(); } Usage: NumberToString ( Number ); template <typename T> T StringToNumber ( const string &Text ) { istringstream ss(Text); T result; return ss >> result ? result : 0; }
上面的方法适用于各种C++平台,包括linux和windows,ostringstream需要包含的头文件是sstream。
也可以用sprintf来拼字符串,例如:
int t_iArrray[2]={1,3}; string t_sTemp; sprintf((char*)t_sTemp.c_str(),"%d.%d",t_iArray[0],t_iArray[1]); 但注意的是cout<<t_sTemp<<endl和cout<<t_sTemp.c_str()<<endl;后者可以正确输出,前者是空值。 sprintf只是将拼接的字符串结果保存在 t_sTemp.c_str(),而非t_sTemp.