Note 452067.1 &n…
原文地址：Note 452067.1 "How to Configure "kdump" on&nb
作者：Hello顾问
In this Document
Goal
Solution
How to Configure Kdump
References
Applies to:
Linux OS - Version: Oracle Linux 5.0 to Oracle Linux 5.6 - Release: OL5 to OL5U6
Linux x86
Linux x86-64
Oracle Linux 5
Goal
Kdump is the kernel crash dumping mechanism for Oracle Linux 5 - it provides a memory dump (vmcore) when the kernel experiences a critical condition. This document provides step-by-step instructions on how to configure kdump on Oracle Linux.
Solution
How to Configure Kdump
1. Install the kexec-tools package if not already installed
Kexec is a fastboot mechanism which allows booting a Linux kernel from the context of already running kernel without going through BIOS. Kdump uses kexec to boot into a second kernel whenever the system crashes.
# up2date --nox -u kexec-tools
Fetching Obsoletes list for channel: el5_i386_latest...
########################################
Fetching rpm headers...
########################################
Name Version Rel
----------------------------------------------------------
kexec-tools 1.101 194.4.el5.0.1 i386
Testing package set / solving RPM inter-dependencies...
########################################
kexec-tools-1.101-194.4.el5 ########################## Done.
Preparing ########################################### [100%]
Installing...
1:kexec-tools ########################################### [100%]
#
2. Check the file /boot/config-`uname -r`
The values specified should denote that kexec is enabled and this kernel can be used as a crash kernel:
CONFIG_KEXEC=y
CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y
...
3. Modify the system kernel to reserve space for the crash kernel
Edit the /etc/grub.conf file and add "crashkernel=128M@16M" to the kernel line to reserve 128MB of memory, starting at physical address 0x01000000 (16MB)
# vi /etc/grub.conf
...
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (2.6.18-8.el5)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-8.el5 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet crashkernel=128M@16M
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-8.el5.img
...
4. Specify where the vmcore should be created
Different types of dump target locations can be specified in the /etc/kdump.conf file
Following is a sample entry that uses NFS as the location for the dump target. For example, below will mount the filesystem and copy the vmcore file to the NFS server
net my.server.com:/export/tmp
For more options, please check the /etc/kdump.conf.
5. Update kdump configuration file - /etc/sysconfig/kdump
This file defines the dump-capture kernel specification, including its name/location, and command line for the kernel if it is to be different from the currently running kernel.
# cat /etc/sysconfig/kdump
KDUMP_KERNELVER=""
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE=""
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND="irqpoll maxcpus=1"
KEXEC_ARGS=" --args-linux"
KDUMP_BOOTDIR="/boot"
KDUMP_IMG="vmlinuz"
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE modify the default crash kernel command line from /proc/cmdline
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND adds irqpoll and maxcpus=1 to the command line for the crash kernel
KEXEC_ARGS adds --args-linux to the kexec command line
KDUMP_BOOTDIR is set to /boot
KDUMP_IMG specifies the crash kernel image name, defaulting to /boot/vmlinuz with the current kernel version appended
6. Enable the kdump service:
# chkconfig kdump on
#
Note: it cannot be started as the new kernel parameter is not yet in effect.
7. Reboot the system for kdump configuration to take effect. Verify that kdump is active:
# cat /proc/cmdline
ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet crashkernel=128M@16M
# /etc/init.d/kdump status
Kdump is operational
# /sbin/chkconfig --list |grep kdump
kdump 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
8. Test kdump by crashing the system:
# echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger
This causes the kernel to panic, followed by the system restarting into the kdump kernel. When the boot process gets to the point where it starts the kdump service, the vmcore file should be copied to disk to the location specified in the /etc/kdump.conf file.
Goal
Solution
How to Configure Kdump
References
Applies to:
Linux OS - Version: Oracle Linux 5.0 to Oracle Linux 5.6 - Release: OL5 to OL5U6
Linux x86
Linux x86-64
Oracle Linux 5
Goal
Kdump is the kernel crash dumping mechanism for Oracle Linux 5 - it provides a memory dump (vmcore) when the kernel experiences a critical condition. This document provides step-by-step instructions on how to configure kdump on Oracle Linux.
Solution
How to Configure Kdump
1. Install the kexec-tools package if not already installed
Kexec is a fastboot mechanism which allows booting a Linux kernel from the context of already running kernel without going through BIOS. Kdump uses kexec to boot into a second kernel whenever the system crashes.
# up2date --nox -u kexec-tools
Fetching Obsoletes list for channel: el5_i386_latest...
########################################
Fetching rpm headers...
########################################
Name Version Rel
----------------------------------------------------------
kexec-tools 1.101 194.4.el5.0.1 i386
Testing package set / solving RPM inter-dependencies...
########################################
kexec-tools-1.101-194.4.el5 ########################## Done.
Preparing ########################################### [100%]
Installing...
1:kexec-tools ########################################### [100%]
#
2. Check the file /boot/config-`uname -r`
The values specified should denote that kexec is enabled and this kernel can be used as a crash kernel:
CONFIG_KEXEC=y
CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y
...
3. Modify the system kernel to reserve space for the crash kernel
Edit the /etc/grub.conf file and add "crashkernel=128M@16M" to the kernel line to reserve 128MB of memory, starting at physical address 0x01000000 (16MB)
# vi /etc/grub.conf
...
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (2.6.18-8.el5)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-8.el5 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet crashkernel=128M@16M
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-8.el5.img
...
4. Specify where the vmcore should be created
Different types of dump target locations can be specified in the /etc/kdump.conf file
Following is a sample entry that uses NFS as the location for the dump target. For example, below will mount the filesystem and copy the vmcore file to the NFS server
net my.server.com:/export/tmp
For more options, please check the /etc/kdump.conf.
5. Update kdump configuration file - /etc/sysconfig/kdump
This file defines the dump-capture kernel specification, including its name/location, and command line for the kernel if it is to be different from the currently running kernel.
# cat /etc/sysconfig/kdump
KDUMP_KERNELVER=""
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE=""
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND="irqpoll maxcpus=1"
KEXEC_ARGS=" --args-linux"
KDUMP_BOOTDIR="/boot"
KDUMP_IMG="vmlinuz"
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE modify the default crash kernel command line from /proc/cmdline
KDUMP_COMMANDLINE_APPEND adds irqpoll and maxcpus=1 to the command line for the crash kernel
KEXEC_ARGS adds --args-linux to the kexec command line
KDUMP_BOOTDIR is set to /boot
KDUMP_IMG specifies the crash kernel image name, defaulting to /boot/vmlinuz with the current kernel version appended
6. Enable the kdump service:
# chkconfig kdump on
#
Note: it cannot be started as the new kernel parameter is not yet in effect.
7. Reboot the system for kdump configuration to take effect. Verify that kdump is active:
# cat /proc/cmdline
ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet crashkernel=128M@16M
# /etc/init.d/kdump status
Kdump is operational
# /sbin/chkconfig --list |grep kdump
kdump 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
8. Test kdump by crashing the system:
# echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger
This causes the kernel to panic, followed by the system restarting into the kdump kernel. When the boot process gets to the point where it starts the kdump service, the vmcore file should be copied to disk to the location specified in the /etc/kdump.conf file.