本文地址: http://blog.csdn.net/caroline_wendy/article/details/15026619
类似vector容器, 实现存储string类型, 需要预先分配内存, 然后根据添加元素的多少, 动态的增加内存(alloc_n_copy), 使用库函数"allocator<>"容器去管理内存.
新旧元素的赋值, 使用库函数move()去实现; 并且重写了copy构造器, copy-assignment构造器, destructor.
注意实现的每一个函数和"allocator<>"的使用; reallocate: 重新分配内存; free: 释放内存;
代码 (Eclipse CDT; GCC 4.7.1):
/* * CppPrimer.cpp * * Created on: 2013.11.7 * Author: Caroline */ #include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <vector> #include <string> #include <utility> #include <cstddef> class StrVec { public: StrVec () : elements (nullptr), first_free (nullptr), cap (nullptr) {} StrVec (const StrVec&); StrVec &operator= (const StrVec&); ~StrVec(); void push_back (const std::string &); size_t size () const { return first_free-elements; } size_t capacity () const { return cap-elements; } std::string *begin() const { return elements; } std::string *end() const { return first_free; } private: static std::allocator<std::string> alloc; void free(); void reallocate(); void chk_n_alloc () { if(size() == capacity()) reallocate(); } std::pair<std::string*, std::string*> alloc_n_copy (const std::string*, const std::string*); std::string *elements; std::string *first_free; std::string *cap; }; void StrVec::reallocate () { auto newcapacity = size() ? 2*size() : 1; //正常2倍, 为空分配一个 auto newdata = alloc.allocate(newcapacity); auto dest = newdata; auto elem = elements; for (std::size_t i=0; i!=size(); ++i) alloc.construct(dest++, std::move(*elem++)); //每个元素均移动 free(); elements = newdata; first_free = dest; cap = elements + newcapacity; } std::allocator<std::string> StrVec::alloc; //需要初始化 void StrVec::push_back(const std::string& s) { chk_n_alloc (); alloc.construct(first_free++, s); //注意后++ } std::pair<std::string*, std::string*> StrVec::alloc_n_copy(const std::string *b, const std::string *e) { auto data = alloc.allocate(e-b); //分配足够的空间 return {data, std::uninitialized_copy(b, e, data)}; //把数据存入空间, 返回首尾指针 } void StrVec::free () { if (elements) { for (auto p=first_free; p!=elements;) alloc.destroy(--p); //先--, 指向确定元素 alloc.deallocate(elements, cap-elements); //释放内存, 首元素和内存大小 } } StrVec::StrVec (const StrVec &s) { auto newdata = alloc_n_copy(s.begin(), s.end()); //pair类型 elements = newdata.first; first_free = cap = newdata.second; } StrVec::~StrVec() { free(); } StrVec &StrVec::operator= (const StrVec &rhs) { auto data = alloc_n_copy(rhs.begin(), rhs.end()); free (); elements = data.first; first_free = cap = data.second; return *this; } int main (void) { StrVec sv; sv.push_back("Girls"); sv.push_back("Ladies"); sv.push_back("Women"); for(auto it = sv.begin(); it != sv.end(); ++it) std::cout << *it << " "; std::cout << std::endl; return 0; }