Android 学习笔记 Contacts （三）Contacts 查找，增加，更新，删除联系人

1.查找、增加、删除、修改联系人

直接贴代码：

ContactsManager.java

package com.example.siqi.contacts;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.content.ContentProviderOperation;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.util.Log;

public class ContactsManager {
	
	private ContentResolver contentResolver;
	private static final String TAG = "ContactsManager";
	
	/**
	 * Use a simple string represents the long.
	 */
	private static final String COLUMN_CONTACT_ID = 
			ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID;
	private static final String COLUMN_RAW_CONTACT_ID =
			ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID;
	private static final String COLUMN_MIMETYPE = 
			ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE;
	private static final String COLUMN_NAME = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME;
	private static final String COLUMN_NUMBER = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER;
	private static final String COLUMN_NUMBER_TYPE = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE;
	private static final String COLUMN_EMAIL = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA;
	private static final String COLUMN_EMAIL_TYPE = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.TYPE;
	private static final String MIMETYPE_STRING_NAME = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE;
	private static final String MIMETYPE_STRING_PHONE = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE;
	private static final String MIMETYPE_STRING_EMAIL = 
			ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE;

	public ContactsManager(ContentResolver contentResolver) {
		this.contentResolver = contentResolver;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Search and fill the contact information by the contact name given.
	 * @param contact Only the name is necessary.
	 */
	public Contact searchContact(String name) {
		Log.w(TAG, "**search start**");
		Contact contact = new Contact();
		contact.setName(name);
		Log.d(TAG, "search name: " + contact.getName());
        String id = getContactID(contact.getName());
    	contact.setId(id);
    	
        if(id.equals("0")) {
        	Log.d(TAG, contact.getName() + " not exist. exit.");
        } else {
        	Log.d(TAG, "find id: " + id);
            //Fetch Phone Number
            Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(  
                    android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,  
                    new String[]{COLUMN_NUMBER, COLUMN_NUMBER_TYPE},
                    	COLUMN_CONTACT_ID + "='" + id + "'", null, null);  
            while(cursor.moveToNext()) {
            	contact.setNumber(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(COLUMN_NUMBER)));
            	contact.setNumberType(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(COLUMN_NUMBER_TYPE)));
            	Log.d(TAG, "find number: " + contact.getNumber());
            	Log.d(TAG, "find numberType: " + contact.getNumberType());
            }  
            //cursor.close();  
              
            //Fetch email
            cursor = contentResolver.query(  
                    android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,  
                    new String[]{COLUMN_EMAIL, COLUMN_EMAIL_TYPE},
                    	COLUMN_CONTACT_ID + "='" + id + "'", null, null);    
            while(cursor.moveToNext()) {  
            	contact.setEmail(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(COLUMN_EMAIL)));
            	contact.setEmailType(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(COLUMN_EMAIL_TYPE)));
            	Log.d(TAG, "find email: " + contact.getEmail());
            	Log.d(TAG, "find emailType: " + contact.getEmailType()); 
            }  
            cursor.close();   
        }
        Log.w(TAG, "**search end**");
        return contact;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 
	 * @param contact The contact who you get the id from. The name of
	 * the contact should be set.
	 * @return 0 if contact not exist in contacts list. Otherwise return
	 * the id of the contact.
	 */
	public String getContactID(String name) {
		String id = "0";
		Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(
				android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,  
	            new String[]{android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts._ID},
	            android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME + 
	            "='" + name + "'", null, null);
		if(cursor.moveToNext()) {
			id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(
					android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
		}
		return id;
	}
	
	/**
	 * You must specify the contact's ID.
	 * @param contact
	 * @throws Exception The contact's name should not be empty. 
	 */
	public void addContact(Contact contact) {
		Log.w(TAG, "**add start**");
		ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
		
		String id = getContactID(contact.getName());
		if(!id.equals("0")) {
			Log.d(TAG, "contact already exist. exit.");
		} else if(contact.getName().trim().equals("")){
			Log.d(TAG, "contact name is empty. exit.");
		} else {
			ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
	                .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)
	                .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)
	                .build());
			ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
	                .withValueBackReference(COLUMN_RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0)
	                .withValue(COLUMN_MIMETYPE, MIMETYPE_STRING_NAME)
	                .withValue(COLUMN_NAME, contact.getName())
	                .build());
			Log.d(TAG, "add name: " + contact.getName());
			
			if(!contact.getNumber().trim().equals("")) {
				ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
		                .withValueBackReference(COLUMN_RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0)
		                .withValue(COLUMN_MIMETYPE, MIMETYPE_STRING_PHONE)
		                .withValue(COLUMN_NUMBER, contact.getNumber())
		                .withValue(COLUMN_NUMBER_TYPE, contact.getNumberType())
		                .build());
				Log.d(TAG, "add number: " + contact.getNumber());
			}
			
			if(!contact.getEmail().trim().equals("")) {
				ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
		                .withValueBackReference(COLUMN_RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0)
		                .withValue(COLUMN_MIMETYPE, MIMETYPE_STRING_EMAIL)
		                .withValue(COLUMN_EMAIL, contact.getEmail())
		                .withValue(COLUMN_EMAIL_TYPE, contact.getEmailType())
		                .build());
				Log.d(TAG, "add email: " + contact.getEmail());
			}
			
			try {
				contentResolver.applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops);
				Log.d(TAG, "add contact success.");
			} catch (Exception e) {
				Log.d(TAG, "add contact failed.");
				Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
			}
		}
		Log.w(TAG, "**add end**");
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * Delete contacts who's name equals contact.getName();
	 * @param contact
	 */
	public void deleteContact(Contact contact) {
		Log.w(TAG, "**delete start**");
		ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();

		String id = getContactID(contact.getName());
		//delete contact
		ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newDelete(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
				.withSelection(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTACT_ID+"="+id, null)
                .build());
		//delete contact information such as phone number,email
		ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newDelete(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
				.withSelection(COLUMN_CONTACT_ID + "=" + id, null)
				.build());
		Log.d(TAG, "delete contact: " + contact.getName());
		
		try {
			contentResolver.applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops);
			Log.d(TAG, "delete contact success");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			Log.d(TAG, "delete contact failed");
			Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
		}
		Log.w(TAG, "**delete end**");
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param contactOld The contact wants to be updated. The name should exists. 
	 * @param contactNew
	 */
	public void updateContact(Contact contactOld, Contact contactNew) {
		Log.w(TAG, "**update start**");
		String id = getContactID(contactOld.getName());
		if(id.equals("0")) {
			Log.d(TAG, contactOld.getName()+" not exist.");
		} else if(contactNew.getName().trim().equals("")){
			Log.d(TAG, "contact name is empty. exit.");
		} else if(!getContactID(contactNew.getName()).equals("0")){
			Log.d(TAG, "new contact name already exist. exit.");
		} else {
	
			ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
			
			//update name
			ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newUpdate(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
	                .withSelection(COLUMN_CONTACT_ID + "=? AND " + COLUMN_MIMETYPE + "=?", 
	                		new String[]{id, MIMETYPE_STRING_NAME})
	                .withValue(COLUMN_NAME, contactNew.getName())
	                .build());
			Log.d(TAG, "update name: " + contactNew.getName());
			
			//update number
			if(!contactNew.getNumber().trim().equals("")) {
				ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newUpdate(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
						.withSelection(COLUMN_CONTACT_ID + "=? AND " + COLUMN_MIMETYPE + "=?",
								new String[]{id, MIMETYPE_STRING_PHONE})
		                .withValue(COLUMN_NUMBER, contactNew.getNumber())
		                .withValue(COLUMN_NUMBER_TYPE, contactNew.getNumberType())
		                .build());
				Log.d(TAG, "update number: " + contactNew.getNumber());
			}
			
			//update email if mail 
			if(!contactNew.getEmail().trim().equals("")) {
				ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newUpdate(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
						.withSelection(COLUMN_CONTACT_ID + "=? AND " + COLUMN_MIMETYPE + "=?",
								new String[]{id, MIMETYPE_STRING_EMAIL})
		                .withValue(COLUMN_EMAIL, contactNew.getEmail())
		                .withValue(COLUMN_EMAIL_TYPE, contactNew.getEmailType())
		                .build());
				Log.d(TAG, "update email: " + contactNew.getEmail());
			}
			
			try {
				contentResolver.applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops);
				Log.d(TAG, "update success");
			} catch (Exception e) {
				Log.d(TAG, "update failed");
				Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
			}
		}
		Log.w(TAG, "**update end**");
	}
}

Contact.java

package com.example.siqi.contacts;

public class Contact {
	private String email;
	private String emailType;
	private String id;
	private String name;
	private String number;
	private String numberType;
	
	public Contact(){
	}
	
	public Contact(Contact contact){
		this.name = contact.getName();
		this.number = contact.getNumber();
		this.numberType = contact.getNumberType();
		this.email = contact.getEmail();
		this.emailType = contact.getEmailType();
	}
	
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public String getEmailType() {
		return emailType;
	}
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public String getNumber() {
		return number;
	}
	public String getNumberType() {
		return numberType;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	public void setEmailType(String emailType) {
		this.emailType = emailType;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public void setNumber(String number) {
		this.number = number;
	}
	public void setNumberType(String numberType) {
		this.numberType = numberType;
	}
	
}

MainActivity.java

package com.example.siqi.contacts;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
       
        ContactsManager cm = new ContactsManager(this.getContentResolver());
        
        cm.searchContact("张一");
        
        Contact contact = new Contact();
        contact.setName("张一");
        contact.setEmail("[email protected]");
        contact.setNumber("123456789");
        
        //test addContact
        cm.addContact(contact);
        cm.searchContact("张一");
        
        //test updateContact
        Contact contactNew = new Contact(contact);
        contactNew.setName("张二");
        contactNew.setNumber("987654321");
        contactNew.setEmail("newEmail@test");
        cm.updateContact(contact, contactNew);
        cm.searchContact("张一");
        cm.searchContact("张二");
        
      //test deleteContact
        cm.deleteContact(contactNew);
        cm.searchContact("张二");
        
        
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
        return true;
    }
}

项目需要添加权限：

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>

结果：

11-07 15:20:00.873: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search start**
11-07 15:20:00.873: D/ContactsManager(30113): search name: 张一
11-07 15:20:00.943: D/ContactsManager(30113): 张一 not exist. exit.
11-07 15:20:00.943: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search end**
11-07 15:20:00.943: W/ContactsManager(30113): **add start**
11-07 15:20:00.973: D/ContactsManager(30113): add name: 张一
11-07 15:20:01.004: D/ContactsManager(30113): add number: 123456789
11-07 15:20:01.004: D/ContactsManager(30113): add email: [email protected]
11-07 15:20:01.224: D/ContactsManager(30113): add contact success.
11-07 15:20:01.224: W/ContactsManager(30113): **add end**
11-07 15:20:01.224: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search start**
11-07 15:20:01.224: D/ContactsManager(30113): search name: 张一
11-07 15:20:01.243: D/ContactsManager(30113): find id: 30
11-07 15:20:01.273: D/ContactsManager(30113): find number: 123456789
11-07 15:20:01.273: D/ContactsManager(30113): find numberType: null
11-07 15:20:01.323: D/ContactsManager(30113): find email: [email protected]
11-07 15:20:01.323: D/ContactsManager(30113): find emailType: null
11-07 15:20:01.334: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search end**
11-07 15:20:01.334: W/ContactsManager(30113): **update start**
11-07 15:20:01.393: D/ContactsManager(30113): update name: 张二
11-07 15:20:01.403: D/ContactsManager(30113): update number: 987654321
11-07 15:20:01.403: D/ContactsManager(30113): update email: newEmail@test
11-07 15:20:01.723: D/ContactsManager(30113): update success
11-07 15:20:01.723: W/ContactsManager(30113): **update end**
11-07 15:20:01.723: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search start**
11-07 15:20:01.723: D/ContactsManager(30113): search name: 张一
11-07 15:20:01.743: D/ContactsManager(30113): 张一 not exist. exit.
11-07 15:20:01.743: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search end**
11-07 15:20:01.743: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search start**
11-07 15:20:01.754: D/ContactsManager(30113): search name: 张二
11-07 15:20:01.773: D/ContactsManager(30113): find id: 30
11-07 15:20:01.803: D/ContactsManager(30113): find number: 987654321
11-07 15:20:01.813: D/ContactsManager(30113): find numberType: null
11-07 15:20:01.844: D/ContactsManager(30113): find email: newEmail@test
11-07 15:20:01.844: D/ContactsManager(30113): find emailType: null
11-07 15:20:01.853: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search end**
11-07 15:20:01.853: W/ContactsManager(30113): **delete start**
11-07 15:20:01.874: D/ContactsManager(30113): delete contact: 张二
11-07 15:20:01.953: D/ContactsManager(30113): delete contact success
11-07 15:20:01.953: W/ContactsManager(30113): **delete end**
11-07 15:20:01.953: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search start**
11-07 15:20:01.953: D/ContactsManager(30113): search name: 张二
11-07 15:20:01.973: D/ContactsManager(30113): 张二 not exist. exit.
11-07 15:20:01.973: W/ContactsManager(30113): **search end**

源代码中的Log.d以及Log.w是android输出日志的API，就当作System.out吧。
这这是一段简单的示例。在android中，同一个联系人可以对应多个号码和邮件，当然也还有其他的信息，比如邮编地址，webpage等等，这些都没有在这里实现。在这里，默认每个联系人只有一个号码和一个邮件。

对联系人的添加/更新，只需要添加/更新数据(name，number，email)到表data就可以了，data表的结构：

系统会自动的在raw_contacts，和contacts添加/更新联系人的ID和NAME以及其他的信息。

删除要删除表raw_contacts和表data的相应数据。但是在删除后发现data表的数据可以删除，但是raw_contacts的数据没有删除，只是一些标志位改变了，例如raw_contact_id变成了空。

另：我试了很多方式，试图删除raw_contacts的记录，但是没有成功。希望有谁知道怎么删除的告诉我。