Java Web开发Basic(二) mysql安装使用
Java Web开发Basic(二) mysql安装使用
安装
官方安装方法：
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql
shell> cd /usr/local
shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
shell> cd mysql
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data
# 启动
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
我实际的安装方法(没有使用用户组)：
>sudo su
>tar xvf mysql-5.6.17-osx10.7-x86_64.tar
>ln -s mysql-5.6.17-osx10.7-x86_64/ mysql
>scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql # 如果使用--user这个，后面启动报错，找不到mysql.user表
>bin/mysqld_safe &
配置
mysqlintalldb会在安装路径底下创建一个默认的my.cnf.
根据需求修改配置文件：
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /Users/army/JavaDev/mysqldata
port = 3306
# server_id = .....
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
为了方便起见，增加mysql的path：
export mysql=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$M2:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$mysql/bin:$PATH
或者在bash配置文件中加入mysqlstart、mysql和mysqladmin的别名,就可使用简便的命令替代冗长的命令了。 （注意：修改完毕之后需要退出“终端（Terminal）”之后重新进入，这些命令才会生效）：
alias mysqlstart='sudo /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM/MySQLCOM restart'
alias mysql='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql'
alias mysqladmin='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin'
这样就可以在终端中比较简单地通过命令进行相应的操作。
启动和停止 #
使用MySQL原生的启动命令：
shell> sudo mysqld_safe
(Enter your password, if necessary)
使用MySQL原生的停止命令：
shell> mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p （必须指定用户）
(Enter your password, if necessary)
修改密码
mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
然后会提示输入秘密，初始密码为空，直接回车即可。
再次修改密码：
mysqladmin -u root -p xxxx password 'renew-password'
登录
登录本地mysql:
$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:xxx
连接远程mysql:
$mysql -h 192.168.0.2 -u root -p
****
增加新用户
grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to test@localhost identified by '1234'
或者
create user test@localhost identified by '1234'
grant select,insert,update,delete,create,drop on 数据库.* to test@localhost with grant option
查看用户权限：
mysql> select user,select_priv,insert_priv,update_priv,create_priv,drop_priv,reload_priv from user;
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
| user | select_priv | insert_priv | update_priv | create_priv | drop_priv | reload_priv |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
| root | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| root | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| root | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| root | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| test | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N |
+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看数据库
show databases;
use mysql;
show tables;
desc tablename;
drop database if exists xxxx;
create database xxxx;
建表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `workers`;
CREATE TABLE `workers` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`sex` enum(F,M,S),
`salary` int(11) DEFAULT '0',
`email` varchar(30),
`EmployedDates` date,
`department` varchar(30),
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
mysql> alter table workers ADD sex enum('F','M','S');
mysql> desc workers;
修改表结构
mysql> ALTER TABLE workers_info ADD num int;
ALTER TABLE workers MODIFY EmployedDates date after num;
ALTER TABLE workers ADD tel varchar(15) after salary;
INSERT INTO workers (name,salary,tel,mailbox,department,qq,EmployedDates)
values('xing',10000,'1598232123','[email protected]','yanfa',736019646,20121221);