Developing SIP Applications with SIP Servlet

原文来自ATAC，无网页连接。

SIP, the Session Initiation Protocol, is a signaling protocol developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to allow interactive user sessions involving multimedia elements (such as voice, video, and instant messaging). SIP is currently the basic signaling and call setup protocol for IP telephony, and SIP applications are the basic way to provide voice and other multimedia services over IP.
SIP， 会话初始协议（Session Initiation Protocol），是由IETF制定的一种信令协议，用于多方的多媒体通讯，例如语音、视频、和即时通讯等。SIP是当前IP电话的会话建立和信令控制 的基础协议，SIP应用也是实现基于IP网络的语音等多种多媒体应用的基本途径。


SIP Servlet (JSR-116), developed through the Java Community Process (see www.jcp.org), is an open standard API that describes server-side component interfaces for application development. Derived from the popular Java Servlet architecture of J2EE, it brings Internet application development capabilities to the building of SIP solutions.
SIP Servlet（JSR 116）是Java Community Process定义的一个开发服务器端SIP应用程序的开放式标准API。SIP Servlet是基于目前流行的J2EE中的Java Servlet架构。它把互联网应用程序的开发模式带到SIP解决方案中。


In the component-container architecture defined by SIP Servlet, a SIP application is a component that runs inside and is managed by the Servlet container or application server. By leveraging the services provided by the container, SIP application developers only need to handle high-level business logic, thus simplifying their work significantly.
SIP Servlet基于组件与容器的架构。每个SIP应用运行在容器或应用服务器内，并由容器或应用服务器管理。由于容器提供了大量基本服务，所以应用开发人员只需处理上层的业务逻辑，从而显著地简化了应用开发工作流程。


The heart of the application server is the SIP protocol stack. The server marshals and unmarshals SIP messages, manages SIP dialogs and transactions, and implements the core SIP semantics. The server then calls the application upon receiving an incoming message. The application, in turn, calls the server to send an outgoing message.
SIP应用服务器的核心是SIP协议栈。应用服务器负责接受和发送SIP消息，管理SIP对话和事务，实现SIP的核心语义。当服务器收到消息时，就会调用相应的应用；在应用中也可以调用服务器来创建并发送消息。


The server also provides the following useful services:
应用服务器还提供下面这些服务：

• Application lifecycle management: the server manages the application’s lifecycle, through stages such as configuration, deployment, loading, start, and shutdown.
应用的生命周期管理：服务器负责管理应用的生命周期，例如配置、部署、加载、启动和停止。

• Resource management: the server manages resources, such as threads, transports, memory, and timer.
资源管理：服务器负责管理各种公用资源，例如线程、网络传输、内存和定时器。

• Security service: the server offers transport and message level security functions.
安全服务：服务器提供网络传输层和消息层等多种安全管理机制。

• Scalability and high availability: many servers offer features such as clustering and failover for high demand situations.
可伸缩性和高可靠性：许多服务器对于高需求状况提供例如集群或故障转移 等功能。

• Integration: the server can run both SIP applications and Web applications. This provides easy integration for applications such as a web-based telephone. The server also provides additional unified access points to other applications through the Java Naming and Directory Interface.
集成性：服务器可以同时运行SIP应用和Web应用，为各种应用的集成提供了简单的途径，例如基于Web的电话。通过JNDI，服务器也为其他应用提供了统一的访问接口。