Thread方法继承Runnable接口。
package java.lang; public interface Runnable { public abstract void run(); }
//target 为传入线程的对象 private Runnable target; public void run() { if (target != null) { target.run(); } } //这个就是target的来源。 public Thread(Runnable target) { init(null, target, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0); }
在构造函数之前,Thread类中还有一个静态的代码块,这个是Object的方法,这里应该是重写了。
private static native void registerNatives(); static { registerNatives(); }
private void init(ThreadGroup g, Runnable target, String name, long stackSize) { //返回当前执行的线程。 Thread parent = currentThread(); //安全管理,查看线程拥有的功能(例如:读写文件,访问网络)。 SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); //g这个变量是线程组 if (g == null) { if (security != null) { g = security.getThreadGroup(); } if (g == null) { g = parent.getThreadGroup(); } } //确定当前运行的线程是否有权修改此线程组。 g.checkAccess(); if (security != null) { //这个好像是验证是不是子类 if (isCCLOverridden(getClass())) { //检查什么权限 security.checkPermission(SUBCLASS_IMPLEMENTATION_PERMISSION); } } //记录一个线程到线程组里,好像只是取得一个线程号。 g.addUnstarted(); this.group = g; //线程是否为守护线程 this.daemon = parent.isDaemon(); //线程的优先级 this.priority = parent.getPriority(); //线程名字 this.name = name.toCharArray(); if (security == null || isCCLOverridden(parent.getClass())) //似乎是一个加载器,加载类或者资源的东西 this.contextClassLoader = parent.getContextClassLoader(); else this.contextClassLoader = parent.contextClassLoader; //快照?权限的快照 this.inheritedAccessControlContext = AccessController.getContext(); this.target = target; //更改线程的优先级。 setPriority(priority); if (parent.inheritableThreadLocals != null) //本地现成创建 this.inheritableThreadLocals = ThreadLocal.createInheritedMap(parent.inheritableThreadLocals); //栈的大小 this.stackSize = stackSize; //线程id,并且+1 tid = nextThreadID(); }
//存线程的名字的数组,这里面没用String。看来char[]的效率会高一点.
private char name[];
//线程的编号,没有赋初值,所以从0开始。静态的。
private static int threadInitNumber;
public final String getName() {
return String.valueOf(name);
}
public final void setName(String name) {
//判定当前运行的线程是否有权修改该线程.(意思好像是主线程能不能修改当前线程??)
checkAccess();
this.name = name.toCharArray();
}
//判定当前运行的线程是否有权修改该线程.
public final void checkAccess() {
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
if (security != null) {
security.checkAccess(this);
}
}
//这个是初始化线程的操作,名字默认Thread-0 Thread-1
public Thread() {
init(null, null, "Thread-" + nextThreadNum(), 0);
}
//带参的构造函数,只是给线程起了个名字。
public Thread(String name) {
init(null, null, name, 0);
}
//同步获取线程编号,并+1
private static synchronized int nextThreadNum() {
return threadInitNumber++;
}
还有在线程运行的时候还能改线程名字,并且各个线程的名字可以一样,用线程组管理的。
//线程状态 private int threadStatus = 0; //线程自己停止,还是用stop()停止线程的。默认值为false; private boolean stopBeforeStart; public synchronized void start() { //重复start()会报错 if (threadStatus != 0) throw new IllegalThreadStateException(); //线程组添加这个线程。 group.add(this); start0(); if (stopBeforeStart) { stop0(throwableFromStop); } } private native void start0(); private native void stop0(Object o);
暂停当前正在执行的线程对象,并执行其他线程。只是暂停一下。
public static native void yield();
public static native void sleep(long millis) throws InterruptedException;
sleep,很无耻的一个,纳秒功能形同虚设。
public static void sleep(long millis, int nanos) throws InterruptedException { //传入毫秒,纳秒。 if (millis < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative"); } if (nanos < 0 || nanos > 999999) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "nanosecond timeout value out of range"); } //就是纳秒大于500000 ,即大于0.5毫秒的时候四舍五入。或者毫秒为0、纳秒不为0时,睡一微秒。 if (nanos >= 500000 || (nanos != 0 && millis == 0)) { millis++; } sleep(millis); }
中断线程。
private Object blockerLock = new Object(); void blockedOn(Interruptible b) { synchronized (blockerLock) { blocker = b; } } public void interrupt() { if (this != Thread.currentThread()) checkAccess(); synchronized (blockerLock) { Interruptible b = blocker; if (b != null) { interrupt0(); // 只改一个flag? b.interrupt(); return; } } interrupt0(); } private native void interrupt0();
使用起来很简单,直接使用t.interrupt(),即停止,但是如果停止时线程内部抛出异常的时候,线程内部还要进行一次this.interrupt()
等待。
public final void wait() throws InterruptedException { wait(0); } public final native void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException;
唤醒在此对象监视器上等待的单个线程
public final native void notify(); public final native void notifyAll();
源码没有什么价值。都是native方法。
sleep()使当前线程进入停滞状态,停止固定时间,然后等待运行。
yield()只是使当前线程停一下,重新等待运行
wait()后,线程会释放掉它所占有的“锁标志”, 对应notify。
//线程状态,0标识未启动。 private int threadStatus = 0; @Deprecated public final synchronized void stop(Throwable obj) { stop1(obj); } private final synchronized void stop1(Throwable th) { //获得当前线程 SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); if (security != null) { //检查权限 checkAccess(); if ((this != Thread.currentThread()) || (!(th instanceof ThreadDeath))) { security.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.STOP_THREAD_PERMISSION); } } if (threadStatus != 0) { //挂起线程 resume(); stop0(th); } else { if (th == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } //设置为手动关闭状态。非自己运行完。 stopBeforeStart = true; //异常对象。不知道是干什么的。 throwableFromStop = th; } } private native void stop0(Object o);
又是一个native方法。
public final native boolean isAlive();
//最小权限 public final static int MIN_PRIORITY = 1; //普通权限 public final static int NORM_PRIORITY = 5; //最大权限 public final static int MAX_PRIORITY = 10; public final void setPriority(int newPriority) { ThreadGroup g; checkAccess(); if (newPriority > MAX_PRIORITY || newPriority < MIN_PRIORITY) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } if((g = getThreadGroup()) != null) { //当前线程的权限大于线程组的权限,则赋予线程组的最大权限。 if (newPriority > g.getMaxPriority()) { newPriority = g.getMaxPriority(); } setPriority0(priority = newPriority); } } public final int getPriority() { return priority; } private native void setPriority0(int newPriority); //toString方法中有优先级的输出。
//等待线程终止, public final synchronized void join(long millis) throws InterruptedException { long base = System.currentTimeMillis(); long now = 0; if (millis < 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative"); } if (millis == 0) { while (isAlive()) { wait(0); } } else { while (isAlive()) { long delay = millis - now; if (delay <= 0) { break; } wait(delay); now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base; } } }