Debian下Ruby、Rails、Passenger安装

1、安装ruby

$ sudo aptitude install ruby ruby-dev ri rdoc irb libopenssl-ruby

如果使用sqlite3还要安装

$ sudo aptitude install sqlite3 libsqlite3-ruby libsqlite-dev libsqlite3-dev

使用mysql需要安装

$ sudo aptitude install libmysql-ruby

2、安装gem

$ sudo aptitude install rubygems

编辑~/.bashrc

$ vi ~/.bashrc

在最后添加

export PATH="$PATH":/var/lib/gems/1.8/bin

使变更立即生效

$ source ~/.bashrc

3、安装rails

$ sudo gem install rails

4、安装passenger

$ sudo gem install passenger
$ sudo /var/lib/gems/1.8/bin/passenger-install-apache2-module

passenger的安装非常体贴，安装前会有检查，如果系统不符合要求会给出详细的解决方法（真希望所有的linux软件都能做成这样）。
下边是我的检查结果：

Checking for required software...

* GNU C compiler... found at /usr/bin/g
* Ruby development headers... found
* OpenSSL support for Ruby... found
* RubyGems... found
* Rake... found at /var/lib/gems/1.9.0/bin/rake
* Apache 2... found at /usr/sbin/apache2
* Apache 2 development headers... not found
* Apache Portable Runtime (APR) development headers... not found
* Apache Portable Runtime Utility (APU) development headers... not found

下面是根据passenger提供的说明进行的操作（仅供参考）：

$ sudo apt-get install apache2-prefork-dev libapr1-dev libaprutil1-dev

再次运行上边的passenger-install-apache2-module，安装成功后pessenger提供进一步配置说明：

Please edit your Apache configuration file, and add these lines:

LoadModule passenger_module /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
PassengerRoot /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4
PassengerRuby /usr/bin/ruby1.8
...
Suppose you have a Ruby on Rails application in /somewhere. Add a virtual host
to your Apache configuration file, and set its DocumentRoot to
/somewhere/public, like this:

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www.yourhost.com
DocumentRoot /somewhere/public # <-- be sure to point to 'public'!
</VirtualHost>

5、根据上边的说明更改apache的rails mod的配置
修改rails.load

$ sudo vi /etc/apache2/mods-available/rails.load

添加如下内容（仅供参考）

LoadModule passenger_module /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so

修改rails.conf

$ sudo vi /etc/apache2/mods-available/rails.conf

添加如下内容（仅供参考）

PassengerRoot /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.4
PassengerRuby /usr/bin/ruby1.8

6、配置虚拟主机

$ sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/yoursite

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.yourhost.com
    DocumentRoot /somewhere/public
    ...

7、使对apache的更改生效
启用模块

$ sudo a2enmod rails

启用vhost

$ sudo a2ensite yoursite

重启apache

$ sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart