Android上传文件到Web服务器，PHP接收文件
Android上传文件到服务器，通常采用构造http协议的方法，模拟网页POST方法传输文件，服务器端可以采用JavaServlet或者PHP来 接收要传输的文件。使用JavaServlet来接收文件的方法比较常见，在这里给大家介绍一个简单的服务器端使用PHP语言来接收文件的例子。
服务器端代码比较简单，接收传输过来的文件：
<?php
$target_path = "./upload/";//接收文件目录
$target_path = $target_path . basename( $_FILES['uploadedfile']['name']);
if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name'], $target_path)) {
echo "The file ". basename( $_FILES['uploadedfile']['name']). " has been uploaded";
} else{
echo "There was an error uploading the file, please try again!" . $_FILES['uploadedfile']['error'];
}
?>
手机客户端代码：
package com.figo.uploadfile;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class UploadfileActivity extends Activity
{
// 要上传的文件路径，理论上可以传输任何文件，实际使用时根据需要处理
private String uploadFile = "/sdcard/testimg.jpg";
private String srcPath = "/sdcard/testimg.jpg";
// 服务器上接收文件的处理页面，这里根据需要换成自己的
private String actionUrl = "http://10.100.1.208/receive_file.php";
private TextView mText1;
private TextView mText2;
private Button mButton;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mText1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.myText2);
mText1.setText("文件路径：\n" + uploadFile);
mText2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.myText3);
mText2.setText("上传网址：\n" + actionUrl);
/* 设置mButton的onClick事件处理 */
mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.myButton);
mButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
uploadFile(actionUrl);
}
});
}
/* 上传文件至Server，uploadUrl：接收文件的处理页面 */
private void uploadFile(String uploadUrl)
{
String end = "\r\n";
String twoHyphens = "--";
String boundary = "******";
try
{
URL url = new URL(uploadUrl);
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
// 设置每次传输的流大小，可以有效防止手机因为内存不足崩溃
// 此方法用于在预先不知道内容长度时启用没有进行内部缓冲的 HTTP 请求正文的流。
httpURLConnection.setChunkedStreamingMode(128 * 1024);// 128K
// 允许输入输出流
httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);
// 使用POST方法
httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary);
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(
httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());
dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + end);
dos.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploadedfile\"; filename=\""
+ srcPath.substring(srcPath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1)
+ "\""
+ end);
dos.writeBytes(end);
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(srcPath);
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192]; // 8k
int count = 0;
// 读取文件
while ((count = fis.read(buffer)) != -1)
{
dos.write(buffer, 0, count);
}
fis.close();
dos.writeBytes(end);
dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + end);
dos.flush();
InputStream is = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "utf-8");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String result = br.readLine();
Toast.makeText(this, result, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
dos.close();
is.close();
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
setTitle(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
在AndroidManifest.xml文件里添加网络访问权限：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
运行结果：
以上已经能够实现文件上传，但没有上传进度。这次在之前的基础上添加进度显示，Java代码如下所示：
package com.lenovo.uptest;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class UploadtestActivity extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
/**
* Upload file to web server with progress status, client: android;
* server:php
* **/
private TextView mtv1 = null;
private TextView mtv2 = null;
private Button bupload = null;
private String uploadFile = "/sdcard/testimg.jpg";
private String actionUrl = "http://10.100.1.208/receive_file.php";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mtv1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.mtv1);
mtv1.setText("文件路径：\n" + uploadFile);
mtv2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.mtv2);
mtv2.setText("上传地址：\n" + actionUrl);
bupload = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bupload);
bupload.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
FileUploadTask fileuploadtask = new FileUploadTask();
fileuploadtask.execute();
}
});
}
// show Dialog method
private void showDialog(String mess) {
new AlertDialog.Builder(UploadtestActivity.this).setTitle("Message")
.setMessage(mess)
.setNegativeButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
}
}).show();
}
class FileUploadTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Integer, Void> {
private ProgressDialog dialog = null;
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
DataOutputStream outputStream = null;
DataInputStream inputStream = null;
//the file path to upload
String pathToOurFile = "/sdcard/testimg.jpg";
//the server address to process uploaded file
String urlServer = "http://10.100.1.208/receive_file.php";
String lineEnd = "\r\n";
String twoHyphens = "--";
String boundary = "*****";
File uploadFile = new File(pathToOurFile);
long totalSize = uploadFile.length(); // Get size of file, bytes
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
dialog = new ProgressDialog(UploadtestActivity.this);
dialog.setMessage("正在上传...");
dialog.setIndeterminate(false);
dialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
dialog.setProgress(0);
dialog.show();
}
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(Object... arg0) {
long length = 0;
int progress;
int bytesRead, bytesAvailable, bufferSize;
byte[] buffer;
int maxBufferSize = 256 * 1024;// 256KB
try {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(new File(
pathToOurFile));
URL url = new URL(urlServer);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// Set size of every block for post
connection.setChunkedStreamingMode(256 * 1024);// 256KB
// Allow Inputs & Outputs
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setUseCaches(false);
// Enable POST method
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary);
outputStream = new DataOutputStream(
connection.getOutputStream());
outputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd);
outputStream
.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploadedfile\";filename=\""
+ pathToOurFile + "\"" + lineEnd);
outputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available();
bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);
buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
// Read file
bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
while (bytesRead > 0) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
length += bufferSize;
progress = (int) ((length * 100) / totalSize);
publishProgress(progress);
bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available();
bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);
bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
}
outputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
outputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens
+ lineEnd);
publishProgress(100);
// Responses from the server (code and message)
int serverResponseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
String serverResponseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();
/* 将Response显示于Dialog */
// Toast toast = Toast.makeText(UploadtestActivity.this, ""
// + serverResponseMessage.toString().trim(),
// Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
// showDialog(serverResponseMessage.toString().trim());
/* 取得Response内容 */
// InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
// int ch;
// StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
// while ((ch = is.read()) != -1) {
// sbf.append((char) ch);
// }
//
// showDialog(sbf.toString().trim());
fileInputStream.close();
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
} catch (Exception ex) {
// Exception handling
// showDialog("" + ex);
// Toast toast = Toast.makeText(UploadtestActivity.this, "" +
// ex,
// Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
dialog.setProgress(progress[0]);
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void result) {
try {
dialog.dismiss();
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
}
服务器端仍然和之前的一样。
这里使用了AsyncTask，它使创建需要与用户界面交互的长时间运行的任务变得更简单，适用于简单的异步处理，不需要借助线程和Handler即可实现。
AsyncTask是抽象类.AsyncTask定义了三种泛型类型 Params，Progress和Result。
Params 启动任务执行的输入参数，比如HTTP请求的URL。
Progress 后台任务执行的百分比。
Result 后台执行任务最终返回的结果，比如String。
AsyncTask的执行分为四个步骤，每一步都对应一个回调方法，这些方法不应该由应用程序调用，开发者需要做的就是实现这些方法。
1) 子类化AsyncTask
2) 实现AsyncTask中定义的下面一个或几个方法
onPreExecute(), 该方法将在执行实际的后台操作前被UI thread调用。可以在该方法中做一些准备工作，如在界面上显示一个进度条。
doInBackground(Params...), 将在onPreExecute 方法执行后马上执行，该方法运行在后台线程中。这里将主要负责执行那些很耗时的后台计算工作。可以调用 publishProgress方法来更新实时的任务进度。该方法是抽象方法，子类必须实现。
onProgressUpdate(Progress...),在publishProgress方法被调用后，UI thread将调用这个方法从而在界面上展示任务的进展情况，例如通过一个进度条进行展示。
onPostExecute(Result), 在doInBackground 执行完成后，onPostExecute 方法将被UI thread调用，后台的计算结果将通过该方法传递到UI thread.
为了正确的使用AsyncTask类，以下是几条必须遵守的准则：
1) Task的实例必须在UI thread中创建
2) execute方法必须在UI thread中调用
3) 不要手动的调用onPreExecute(), onPostExecute(Result)，doInBackground(Params...), onProgressUpdate(Progress...)这几个方法
4) 该task只能被执行一次，否则多次调用时将会出现异常
doInBackground方法和onPostExecute的参数必须对应，这两个参数在AsyncTask声明的泛型参数列表中指定，第一个为 doInBackground接受的参数，第二个为显示进度的参数，第三个为doInBackground返回和onPostExecute传入的参数。
运行结果如下：
