LINUX查看主机硬件信息

在Linux系统中，有许多命令可用于查询主机的硬件信息。一些命令只针对特定的硬件组件，比如CPU、内存，一些命令可以查询多个硬件信息。 这篇文章只是简单的让每个人了解查询硬件信息的基本命令使用，包括lscpu、hwinfo、lshw、lspci、lsblk、lsusb等等。 1. lscpu用于查询CPU信息 01 [root@devops ~]# lscpu 02 Architecture:          x86_64 03 CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit 04 Byte Order:            Little Endian 05 CPU(s):                1 06 On-line CPU(s) list:   0 07 Thread(s) per core:    1 08 Core(s) per socket:    1 09 CPU socket(s):         1 10 NUMA node(s):          1 11 Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel 12 CPU family:            6 13 Model:                 45 14 Stepping:              7 15 CPU MHz:               2194.842 16 BogoMIPS:              4389.68 17 Hypervisor vendor:     Xen 18 Virtualization type:   full 19 L1d cache:             32K 20 L1i cache:             32K 21 L2 cache:              256K 22 L3 cache:              15360K 23 NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0

2. lshw显示硬件信息表 这个命令应用普遍，它可通过个人需求而列出多种不同的硬件参数：CPU、内存、硬盘、USB控制器、lshw卡片等等，本质上就是从/proc目录不同文件中中提取对应的硬件信息。 按照下面的步骤去安装lshw工具，然后就可以使用了。 1  wget http://ezix.org/software/files/lshw-B.02.14.tar.gz 2  tar -zxvf lshw-B.02.14.tar.gz 3  cd lshw-B.02.14 4  make && make install 示例： 01 [root@devops lshw-B.02.14]# lshw -short 02 H/W path          Device       Class      Description 03 ===================================================== 04                                system     HVM domU 05 /0                             bus        Motherboard 06 /0/0                           memory     96KiB BIOS 07 /0/1                           processor  Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2430 0 @ 2.20GHz 08 /0/2                           memory     System Memory 09 /0/2/0                         memory     512MiB DIMM RAM 10 /0/2/1                         memory     512MiB DIMM RAM 11 /0/3                           memory     96KiB BIOS 12 /0/4                           processor  CPU 13 /0/5                           memory     System Memory 14 /0/6                           memory      15 /0/7                           memory      16 /0/100                         bridge     440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma] 17 /0/100/1                       bridge     82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II] 18 /0/100/1.1        scsi1        storage    82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II] 19 /0/100/1.1/0.0.0  /dev/cdrom1  disk       SCSI CD-ROM 20 /0/100/1.2                     bus        82371SB PIIX3 USB [Natoma/Triton II] 21 /0/100/1.2/1      usb1         bus        UHCI Host Controller 22 /0/100/1.2/1/2                 input      QEMU USB Tablet 23 /0/100/1.3                     bridge     82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI 24 /0/100/2                       display    GD 5446 25 /0/100/3                       generic    Xen Platform Device 26 /1                eth0         network    Ethernet interface 27 /2                eth1         network    Ethernet interface 28 [root@devops lshw-B.02.14]#

漠天 翻译于 7小时前 1人顶 顶 翻译的不错哦!

3. hwinfo-硬件信息 hwinfo类似于lshw，也能查询硬件信息，且应用广泛。它也能输出多个硬件部分的详细或者简要信息，但是不同的是有时hwinfo比lshw的信息更详细。 默认情况下，Linux系统没有安装hwinfo工具，所以你需要按照以下步骤自己安装： CentOS 6 1 #rpm -Uvh http://mirror.symnds.com/distributions/gf/el/6/gf/x86_64/gf-release-6-6.gf.el6.noarch.rpm 2 #yum list hwinfo 3 #yum install hwinfo CentOS 5 1 #rpm -Uvh http://mirror.symnds.com/distributions/gf/el/5/gf/x86_64/gf-release-5-6.gf.el5.noarch.rpm 2 #yum list hwinfo 3 #yum install hwinfo 01 [root@devops tmp]# rpm -Uvh http://mirror.symnds.com/distributions/gf/el/6/gf/x86_64/gf-release-6-6.gf.el6.noarch.rpm 02 Retrieving http://mirror.symnds.com/distributions/gf/el/6/gf/x86_64/gf-release-6-6.gf.el6.noarch.rpm 03 warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.m2mMAO: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 13a4d2a9: NOKEY 04 Preparing...                ########################################### [100%] 05    1:gf-release             ########################################### [100%] 06 [root@devops tmp]# yum list hwinfo 07 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 08 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 09  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com 10  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 11  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 12 gf                                                                                      13 14  00:00      15 gf/primary_db                                                                           16 17  00:00      18 Available Packages 19 hwinfo.x86_64 20 [root@devops tmp]# yum list hwinfo 21 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 22 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 23  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com 24  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 25  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 26 gf                                                                                      27 28  00:00      29 gf/primary_db                                                                           30 31  00:00      32 Available Packages 33 hwinfo.x86_64                                                20.2-1.gf.el6 01 [root@devops tmp]# yum install hwinfo 02 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 03 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 04  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com 05  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 06  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 07 Setting up Install Process 08 Resolving Dependencies 09 --> Running transaction check 10 ---> Package hwinfo.x86_64 0:20.2-1.gf.el6 will be installed 11 ..... 示例： 01 [root@devops tmp]# hwinfo -short 02 oops: don't know what to do with "short" 03 [root@devops tmp]# hwinfo --short 04 cpu:                                                             05                        Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2430 0 @ 2.20GHz, 2194 MHz 06 keyboard: 07   /dev/input/event3    AT Translated Set 2 keyboard 08   /dev/ttyS0           serial console 09 mouse: 10   /dev/input/mice      Adomax QEMU USB Tablet 11   /dev/input/mice      Macintosh mouse button emulation 12   /dev/input/mice      ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse 13 graphics card: 14                        Cirrus Logic GD 5446 15 storage: 16                        Intel 82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II] 17                        Xen Virtual Storage 0 18                        Xen Virtual Storage 1 19                        Xen Virtual Storage 2 20 network: 21   eth0                 Xen Virtual Ethernet Card 0 22   eth1                 Xen Virtual Ethernet Card 1 23 network interface: 24   lo                   Loopback network interface 25   eth0                 Ethernet network interface 26   eth1                 Ethernet network interface 27 disk: 28   /dev/xvda            Disk 29   /dev/xvdb            Disk 30 partition: 31   /dev/xvda1           Partition 32   /dev/xvdb1           Partition 33 cdrom: 34   /dev/sr0             QEMU DVD-ROM 35 usb controller: 36                        Qumranet Qemu virtual machine 37 bios: 38                        BIOS 39 bridge: 40                        Qumranet Qemu virtual machine 41                        Qumranet Qemu virtual machine 42                        Qumranet Qemu virtual machine 43 hub: 44                        Linux 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 uhci_hcd UHCI Host Controller 45 memory: 46                        Main Memory 47 unknown: 48                        FPU 49                        DMA controller 50                        PIC 51                        Timer 52                        Keyboard controller 53                        XenSource Xen Platform Device 54 [root@devops tmp]#

漠天 翻译于 7小时前 0人顶 顶 翻译的不错哦!

4. lspci lsppci命令可列出PCI总线的信息以及连接到PCI总线上的设备信息，比如VGA适配器、SATA控制器、其他模块等等。lspci工具是pciutils包的一部分，所以在安装lspci之前，你需要安装pciutils包。 安装pciutils包使用下面的命令： 1 #yum install pciutils 01 [root@devops tmp]# yum install pciutils 02 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 03 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 04  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com 05  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 06  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 07 Setting up Install Process 08 Resolving Dependencies 09 --> Running transaction check 10 ---> Package pciutils.x86_64 0:3.1.10-2.el6 will be installed 11 --> Processing Dependency: pciutils-libs = 3.1.10-2.el6 for package: pciutils-3.1.10-2.el6.x86_64 12 --> Running transaction check 13 ---> Package pciutils-libs.x86_64 0:3.1.4-11.el6 will be updated 14 ---> Package pciutils-libs.x86_64 0:3.1.10-2.el6 will be an update 15 --> Finished Dependency Resolution 16 17 Dependencies Resolved 18 19 Installing: 20  pciutils                         x86_64                    3.1.10-2.el6                21 22       85 k 23 Updating for dependencies: 24  pciutils-libs                    x86_64                    3.1.10-2.el6                  25 26       34 k 27 28 .....   29 30 Dependency Updated: 31   pciutils-libs.x86_64 0:3.1.10-2.el6                                                     32 33 Complete! 示例： 1 [root@devops tmp]# lspci  2 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma] (rev 02) 3 00:01.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II] 4 00:01.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II] 5 00:01.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 USB [Natoma/Triton II] (rev 01) 6 00:01.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 01) 7 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Cirrus Logic GD 5446 8 00:03.0 Unassigned class [ff80]: XenSource, Inc. Xen Platform Device (rev 01) 9 [root@devops tmp]#

漠天 翻译于 7小时前 0人顶 顶 翻译的不错哦!

5. lsusb-列出USB总线信息 这个命令可列出USB控制器的设备信息。 lsusb工具是usbutils包的一部分，所以你需要按照如下命令安装： 1 #yum install usbutils 01 [root@devops tmp]# yum install usbutils 02 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror 03 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile 04  * base: mirrors.aliyun.com 05  * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 06  * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com 07 Setting up Install Process 08 Resolving Dependencies 09 --> Running transaction check 10 ---> Package usbutils.x86_64 0:003-4.el6 will be installed 11 --> Processing Dependency: libusb-1.0.so.0()(64bit) for package: usbutils-003-4.el6.x86_64 12 --> Running transaction check 13 ---> Package libusb1.x86_64 0:1.0.9-0.6.rc1.el6 will be installed 14 --> Finished Dependency Resolution 15 16 Dependencies Resolved 17 18 ============================================ 19 20 ============ 21  Package                     Arch                      Version                               22 23       Size 24 ======================================================= 25 ============ 26 Installing: 27  usbutils                    x86_64                    003-4.el6                                   28 29       71 k 30 Installing for dependencies: 31  libusb1                     x86_64                    1.0.9-0.6.rc1.el6                       32 33       80 k 34 35 Transaction Summary 36 ================================================================ 37 38 ============ 39 Install       2 Package(s) 40 41 Total download size: 152 k 42 Installed size: 377 k 43 Is this ok [y/N]: y 44 Downloading Packages: 45 (1/2): libusb1-1.0.9-0.6.rc1.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                      46 47  00:00      48 (2/2): usbutils-003-4.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                49 50  00:00      51 -------------------------------------------------------- 52 53 ------------ 54 Total                                                                                      55 56  00:00      57 Running rpm_check_debug 58 Running Transaction Test 59 Transaction Test Succeeded 60 Running Transaction 61   Installing : libusb1-1.0.9-0.6.rc1.el6.x86_64                                                      62 63        1/2  64   Installing : usbutils-003-4.el6.x86_64                                                             65 66        2/2  67   Verifying  : usbutils-003-4.el6.x86_64                                                             68 69        1/2  70   Verifying  : libusb1-1.0.9-0.6.rc1.el6.x86_64                                                      71 72        2/2  73 74 Installed: 75   usbutils.x86_64 0:003-4.el6                                                                        76 77 Dependency Installed: 78   libusb1.x86_64 0:1.0.9-0.6.rc1.el6                                                                 79 80 Complete! 示例： 1 [root@devops tmp]# lsusb 2 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub 3 Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0627:0001 Adomax Technology Co., Ltd  4 [root@devops tmp]# 6. lsblk-列出块设备的信息 1 [root@devops tmp]# lsblk 2 NAME    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT 3 xvda    202:0    0    20G  0 disk  4 └─xvda1 202:1    0    20G  0 part / 5 xvdb    202:16   0    10G  0 disk  6 └─xvdb1 202:17   0    10G  0 part /alidata 7 sr0      11:0    1   362K  0 rom 7. lsscsi-列出SCSI的设备信息 列出SCSI/SDAT设备的信息，比如硬盘驱动器、光盘驱动器。 1 [root@devops tmp]# lsscsi 2 [1:0:0:0]    cd/dvd  QEMU     QEMU DVD-ROM     0.10  /dev/sr0  3 [root@devops tmp]# 完毕！Enjoy this！