>>> husbands2wives = bidict({'john': 'jackie'}) >>> husbands2wives['john'] # the forward mapping is just like with dict 'jackie' >>> husbands2wives[:'jackie'] # use slice for the inverse mapping 'john'
" 在切片的前面加上冒号表示逆映射。跟数据的切片类似,husbands2wives["john"]和 husbands2wives["john":]的效果一样。
如果你不喜欢冒号的方式,可以使用namedbidict类给双向字典起2个别名。这样对外会提供正向和逆向的2个子字典。实际上还是以一个双向 字典的形式存在:
>>> HTMLEntities = namedbidict('HTMLEntities', 'names', 'codepoints') >>> entities = HTMLEntities({'lt': 60, 'gt': 62, 'amp': 38}) # etc >>> entities.names['lt'] 60 >>> entities.codepoints[38] 'amp'
还可以使用一元的逆运算符"~"获取bidict逆映射字典。
>>> import bidict >>> from bidict import bidict >>> husbands2wives = bidict({'john': 'jackie'}) >>> ~husbands2wives bidict({'jackie': 'john'})
以下情况注意添加括号,因为~的优先级低于中括号:
>>> import bidict >>> from bidict import bidict >>> husbands2wives = bidict({'john': 'jackie'}) >>> ~husbands2wives bidict({'jackie': 'john'})
以下情况注意添加括号,因为~的优先级低于中括号:
>>> (~bi)['one'] 1
bidict不是dict的子类,但它的API的是dict的超集(但没有fromkeys方法,改用了MutableMapping接 口)。
迭代器类inverted会翻转key和value,如:
>>> seq = [(1, 'one'), (2, 'two'), (3, 'three')] >>> list(inverted(seq)) [('one', 1), ('two', 2), ('three', 3)]
bidict的invert()方法和inverted类似。依赖模块:collections中的MutableMapping,functools中的wraps,re。
bidict可以和字典进行比较
>>> bi == bidict({1:'one'}) >>> bi == dict([(1, 'one')]) True
其他字典通用的方法,bidict也支持:
>>> bi.get('one') 1 >>> bi.setdefault('one', 2) 1 >>> bi.setdefault('two', 2) 2 >>> len(bi) # calls __len__ 2 >>> bi.pop('one') 1 >>> bi.popitem() ('two', 2) >>> bi.inv.setdefault(3, 'three') 'three' >>> bi bidict({'three': 3}) >>> [key for key in bi] # calls __iter__, returns keys like dict ['three'] >>> 'three' in bi # calls __contains__ True >>> list(bi.keys()) ['three'] >>> list(bi.values()) [3] >>> bi.update([('four', 4)]) >>> bi.update({'five': 5}, six=6, seven=7) >>> sorted(bi.items(), key=lambda x: x[1]) [('three', 3), ('four', 4), ('five', 5), ('six', 6), ('seven', 7)]
作者博客:http://my.oschina.net/u/1433482
类型:翻译