Delphi + Word = 数据库 + 公文处理

Delphi擅长做数据库类的MIS开发，但对于OA就有点力不从心了。不过随着Microsoft的COM技术逐渐成熟，现在普通Windows应用已经可以和Office97无缝结合了，尤其是在Delphi 5中提供了一组Servers组件，更是简化了程序开发。

最近接触了一个用户的案例，用Delphi控制Word做一个合同管理程序。办公人员先根据业务需要，写好合同的文字，但在用户名称、产品名称等变化的位置填写指定的标记字符串，然后通过Delphi把数据库中的实际数据替换掉Word中的文字，最后让Word打印出合同。

Delphi自带了一个简单的Word例题，但功能太简单。通过查找VBA的说明，再对照Delphi的VCL，编写了如下代码，实现了基本的公文管理功能。

启动Word时用如下代码：

begin
try
Wordapplication.Connect;
except
MessageDlg( ' Wordmaynotbeinstalled ' ,mtError,[mbOk], 0 );
Abort;
end;
Wordapplication.Visible: = True;
WordApplication.Caption: = ' Delphiautomation ' ;
end;

关闭Word用如下代码。如果想保存Doc文件，请修改SaveChanges变量的内容：

var
SaveChanges,OriginalFormat,RouteDocument:OleVariant;
begin
SaveChanges: = WdDoNotSaveChanges;
OriginalFormat: = UnAssigned;
RouteDocument: = UnAssigned;
try
WordApplication.Quit(SaveChanges,OriginalFormat,RouteDocument);
WordApplication.Disconnect;
except
onE:Exception do
begin
Showmessage(E.Message);
WordApplication.Disconnect;
end;
end;
end;

让Word打开一个指定的文件，需要先放置OpenDialog，然后调用WordApplication.Documents.Open：

var
ItemIndex:OleVariant;
FileName,ConfirmConversions,ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,
PassWordDocument,PassWordTemplate,Revert,
WritePassWordDocument,WritePassWordTemplate,Format:OleVariant;
begin
if notdlgOpen.Executethen
Exit;

... {Opendocument}
FileName: = dlgOpen.FileName;
ConfirmConversions: = False;
ReadOnly: = False;
AddToRecentFiles: = False;
PassWordDocument: = '' ;
PassWordTemplate: = '' ;
Revert: = True;
WritePassWordDocument: = '' ;
WritePassWordTemplate: = '' ;
Format: = wdOpenFormatDocument;

WordApplication.Documents.Open(FileName,ConfirmConversions,
ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,PassWordDocument,PassWordTemplate,
Revert,WritePassWordDocument,WritePassWordTemplate,Format);

... {AssignWordDocumentcomponent}
ItemIndex: = 1 ;
WordDocument.ConnectTo(WordApplication.Documents.Item(ItemIndex));

... {TurnSpellcheckingofbecauseittakesalongtimeifenabledandslowsdownWinWord}
WordApplication.Options.CheckSpellingAsYouType: = False;
WordApplication.Options.CheckGrammarAsYouType: = False;
end;

当我们安装delphi时选择的是xp样式的即使用WordXP时，这里的代码需要更改为这样

varItemIndex:OleVariant;
FileName,ConfirmConversions,ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,PasswordDocument,PasswordTemplate,Revert:OleVariant;
WritePasswordDocument,WritePasswordTemplate,Format:OleVariant;
Encoding,Visible,OpenAndRepair,DocumentDirection,NoEncodingDialog:OleVariant;

begin
if notdlgOpen.Executethen
Exit;

// ...{Opendocument}
FileName: = dlgOpen.FileName;
ConfirmConversions: = False;
ReadOnly: = False;
AddToRecentFiles: = False;
PassWordDocument: = '' ;
PassWordTemplate: = '' ;
Revert: = True;
WritePassWordDocument: = '' ;
WritePassWordTemplate: = '' ;
Format: = wdFormatDocument;
// Encoding
Visible: = true ;
WordApplication1.Disconnect;
WordApplication1.documents.Open(FileName,ConfirmConversions,
ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,
PasswordDocument,PasswordTemplate,
Revert,WritePasswordDocument,WritePasswordTemplate,Format,
Encoding,Visible,OpenAndRepair,DocumentDirection,NoEncodingDialog);
WordApplication1.Visible: = true ;
... {AssignWordDocumentcomponent}
ItemIndex: = 1 ;
WordDocument1.ConnectTo(WordApplication1.Documents.Item(ItemIndex));

... {TurnSpellcheckingofbecauseittakesalongtimeifenabledandslowsdownWinword}
WordApplication1.Options.CheckSpellingAsYouType: = False;
WordApplication1.Options.CheckGrammarAsYouType: = False;

end;

让Word替换标记字符串要使用WordDocument.Range.Find.Execute，这里用Delphi替换了<#Name>：

var
FindText,MatchCase,MatchWholeWord,MatchWildcards,MatchSoundsLike,
MatchAllWordForms,Forward,Wrap,Format,ReplaceWith,Replace:OleVariant;
begin
FindText: = ' <#Name> ' ;
MatchCase: = False;
MatchWholeWord: = True;
MatchWildcards: = False;
MatchSoundsLike: = False;
MatchAllWordForms: = False;
Forward: = True;
Wrap: = wdFindContinue;
Format: = False;
ReplaceWith: = ' Delphi ' ;
Replace: = True;

WordDocument.Range.Find.Execute(FindText,MatchCase,MatchWholeWord,
MatchWildcards,MatchSoundsLike,MatchAllWordForms,Forward,
Wrap,Format,ReplaceWith,Replace);

end;

上面这4段代码完成了公文管理的基本功能，再把它和数据库结合起来，就可以开发一个与Lotus Notes类似的产品了。