多实例mysql的安装和管理

多实例mysql的安装和管理

mysql的多实例有两种方式可以实现，两种方式各有利弊。
第一种是使用多个配置文件启动不同的进程来实现多实例，这种方式的优势逻辑简单，配置简单，缺点是管理起来不太方便。
第二种是通过官方自带的mysqld_multi使用单独的配置文件来实现多实例，这种方式定制每个实例的配置不太方面，优点是管理起来很方便，集中管理。

下面就分别来实战这两种多实例的安装和管理

先来学习第一种使用多个配置文件启动多个不同进程的情况：

环境介绍：

mysql 版本：5.1.50

操作系统：SUSE 11

mysql实例数：3个

实例占用端口分别为：3306、3307、3308

创建mysql用户

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

2. /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

编译安装mysql

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. tar xzvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz

2. cd mysql-5.1.50

3. ./configure '--prefix=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-charset=utf8' '--with-extra-charsets=complex' '--with-pthread' '--enable-thread-safe-client' '--with-ssl' '--with-client-ldflags=-all-static' '--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static' '--with-plugins=partition,innobase,blackhole,myisam,innodb_plugin,heap,archive' '--enable-shared' '--enable-assembler'

4. make

5. make install

初始化数据库

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3306 --user=mysql

2. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3307 --user=mysql

3. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/dbdata_3308 --user=mysql

创建配置文件

vim /data/dbdata_3306/my.cnf

3306的配置文件如下：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [client]

2. port = 3306

3. socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock

4. [mysqld]

5. datadir=/data/dbdata_3306/

6. skip-name-resolve

7. lower_case_table_names=1

8. innodb_file_per_table=1

9. port = 3306

10. socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock

11. back_log = 50

12. max_connections = 300

13. max_connect_errors = 1000

14. table_open_cache = 2048

15. max_allowed_packet = 16M

16. binlog_cache_size = 2M

17. max_heap_table_size = 64M

18. sort_buffer_size = 2M

19. join_buffer_size = 2M

20. thread_cache_size = 64

21. thread_concurrency = 8

22. query_cache_size = 64M

23. query_cache_limit = 2M

24. ft_min_word_len = 4

25. default-storage-engine = innodb

26. thread_stack = 192K

27. transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

28. tmp_table_size = 64M

29. log-bin=mysql-bin

30. binlog_format=mixed

31. slow_query_log

32. long_query_time = 1

33. server-id = 1

34. key_buffer_size = 8M

35. read_buffer_size = 2M

36. read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

37. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

38. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

39. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

40. myisam_repair_threads = 1

41. myisam_recover

42. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

43. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M

44. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

45. innodb_file_io_threads = 8

46. innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

47. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

48. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

49. innodb_log_file_size = 512M

50. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

51. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60

52. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

53. [mysqldump]

54. quick

55. max_allowed_packet = 256M

56. [mysql]

57. no-auto-rehash

58. prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>

59. [myisamchk]

60. key_buffer_size = 512M

61. sort_buffer_size = 512M

62. read_buffer = 8M

63. write_buffer = 8M

64. [mysqlhotcopy]

65. interactive-timeout

66. [mysqld_safe]

67. open-files-limit = 8192

vim /data/dbdata_3307/my.cnf

3307的配置文件如下：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [client]
   

2. port = 3307
   

3. socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock
   

4. [mysqld]
   

5. datadir=/data/dbdata_3307/
   

6. skip-name-resolve
   

7. lower_case_table_names=1
   

8. innodb_file_per_table=1
   

9. port = 3307
   

10. socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock
    

11. back_log = 50
    

12. max_connections = 300
    

13. max_connect_errors = 1000
    

14. table_open_cache = 2048
    

15. max_allowed_packet = 16M
    

16. binlog_cache_size = 2M
    

17. max_heap_table_size = 64M
    

18. sort_buffer_size = 2M
    

19. join_buffer_size = 2M
    

20. thread_cache_size = 64
    

21. thread_concurrency = 8
    

22. query_cache_size = 64M
    

23. query_cache_limit = 2M
    

24. ft_min_word_len = 4
    

25. default-storage-engine = innodb
    

26. thread_stack = 192K
    

27. transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
    

28. tmp_table_size = 64M
    

29. log-bin=mysql-bin
    

30. binlog_format=mixed
    

31. slow_query_log
    

32. long_query_time = 1
    

33. server-id = 1
    

34. key_buffer_size = 8M
    

35. read_buffer_size = 2M
    

36. read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
    

37. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
    

38. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
    

39. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
    

40. myisam_repair_threads = 1
    

41. myisam_recover
    

42. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
    

43. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M
    

44. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
    

45. innodb_file_io_threads = 8
    

46. innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
    

47. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
    

48. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
    

49. innodb_log_file_size = 512M
    

50. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
    

51. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60
    

52. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
    

53. [mysqldump]
    

54. quick
    

55. max_allowed_packet = 256M
    

56. [mysql]
    

57. no-auto-rehash
    

58. prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>
    

59. [myisamchk]
    

60. key_buffer_size = 512M
    

61. sort_buffer_size = 512M
    

62. read_buffer = 8M
    

63. write_buffer = 8M
    

64. [mysqlhotcopy]
    

65. interactive-timeout
    

66. [mysqld_safe]
    

67. open-files-limit = 8192

vim /data/dbdata_3308/my.cnf

3308的配置文件如下：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [client]

2. port = 3308

3. socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

4. [mysqld]

5. datadir=/data/dbdata_3308/

6. skip-name-resolve

7. lower_case_table_names=1

8. innodb_file_per_table=1

9. port = 3308

10. socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

11. back_log = 50

12. max_connections = 300

13. max_connect_errors = 1000

14. table_open_cache = 2048

15. max_allowed_packet = 16M

16. binlog_cache_size = 2M

17. max_heap_table_size = 64M

18. sort_buffer_size = 2M

19. join_buffer_size = 2M

20. thread_cache_size = 64

21. thread_concurrency = 8

22. query_cache_size = 64M

23. query_cache_limit = 2M

24. ft_min_word_len = 4

25. default-storage-engine = innodb

26. thread_stack = 192K

27. transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

28. tmp_table_size = 64M

29. log-bin=mysql-bin

30. binlog_format=mixed

31. slow_query_log

32. long_query_time = 1

33. server-id = 1

34. key_buffer_size = 8M

35. read_buffer_size = 2M

36. read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

37. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

38. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

39. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

40. myisam_repair_threads = 1

41. myisam_recover

42. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

43. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M

44. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

45. innodb_file_io_threads = 8

46. innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

47. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

48. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

49. innodb_log_file_size = 512M

50. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

51. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60

52. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

53. [mysqldump]

54. quick

55. max_allowed_packet = 256M

56. [mysql]

57. no-auto-rehash

58. prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>

59. [myisamchk]

60. key_buffer_size = 512M

61. sort_buffer_size = 512M

62. read_buffer = 8M

63. write_buffer = 8M

64. [mysqlhotcopy]

65. interactive-timeout

66. [mysqld_safe]

67. open-files-limit = 8192

创建自动启动文件

vim /data/dbdata_3306/mysqld

3306的启动文件如下：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. #!/bin/bash

2. mysql_port=3306

3. mysql_username="admin"

4. mysql_password="password"

5. 
   

6. function_start_mysql()

7. {

8. printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

9. /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

10. }

11. 
    

12. function_stop_mysql()

13. {

14. printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

15. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown

16. }

17. 
    

18. function_restart_mysql()

19. {

20. printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

21. function_stop_mysql

22. function_start_mysql

23. }

24. 
    

25. function_kill_mysql()

26. {

27. kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

28. kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

29. }

30. 
    

31. case $1 in

32. start)

33. function_start_mysql;;

34. stop)

35. function_stop_mysql;;

36. kill)

37. function_kill_mysql;;

38. restart)

39. function_stop_mysql

40. function_start_mysql;;

41. *)

42. echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";;

43. esac

vim /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld

3307的启动文件如下：

 

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. #!/bin/bash

2. mysql_port=3307

3. mysql_username="admin"

4. mysql_password="password"

5. 
   

6. function_start_mysql()

7. {

8. printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

9. /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

10. }

11. 
    

12. function_stop_mysql()

13. {

14. printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

15. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown

16. }

17. 
    

18. function_restart_mysql()

19. {

20. printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

21. function_stop_mysql

22. function_start_mysql

23. }

24. 
    

25. function_kill_mysql()

26. {

27. kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

28. kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

29. }

30. 
    

31. case $1 in

32. start)

33. function_start_mysql;;

34. stop)

35. function_stop_mysql;;

36. kill)

37. function_kill_mysql;;

38. restart)

39. function_stop_mysql

40. function_start_mysql;;

41. *)

42. echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";;

43. esac

vim /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld

3308的启动文件如下：

 

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. #!/bin/bash

2. mysql_port=3308

3. mysql_username="admin"

4. mysql_password="password"

5. 
   

6. function_start_mysql()

7. {

8. printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

9. /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

10. }

11. 
    

12. function_stop_mysql()

13. {

14. printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

15. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysql.sock shutdown

16. }

17. 
    

18. function_restart_mysql()

19. {

20. printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

21. function_stop_mysql

22. function_start_mysql

23. }

24. 
    

25. function_kill_mysql()

26. {

27. kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

28. kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

29. }

30. 
    

31. case $1 in

32. start)

33. function_start_mysql;;

34. stop)

35. function_stop_mysql;;

36. kill)

37. function_kill_mysql;;

38. restart)

39. function_stop_mysql

40. function_start_mysql;;

41. *)

42. echo "Usage: /data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}";;

43. esac

启动3306、3307、3308的mysql  

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /data/dbdata_3306/mysqld start

2. /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld start

3. /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld start

更改原来密码（处于安全考虑，还需要删除系统中没有密码的帐号，这里省略了）：  

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock

2. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock

3. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

登录测试并创建关闭mysql的帐号权限，mysqld脚本要用到！

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

2. GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

3. flush privileges;

4. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

5. GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

6. flush privileges;

7. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

8. GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

9. flush privileges;

创建了admin帐号以后脚本的stop功能和restart功能就正常了！

更改环境变量

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. vim /etc/profile 添加下面一行内容

2. PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

3. source /etc/profile

添加到自动启动

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. vim /etc/init.d/boot.local

2. /data/dbdata_3306/mysqld start

3. /data/dbdata_3307/mysqld start

4. /data/dbdata_3308/mysqld start

如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local

管理的话，在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock，如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别！

再来看第二种通过官方自带的mysqld_multi来实现多实例实战：

这里的mysql安装以及数据库的初始化和前面的步骤一样，就不再赘述。

mysqld_multi的配置

vim /etc/my.cnf

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [mysqld_multi]

2. mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

3. mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

4. user = admin

5. password = password

6. 
   

7. [mysqld1]

8. socket = /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock

9. port = 3306

10. pid-file = /data/dbdata_3306/3306.pid

11. datadir = /data/dbdata_3306

12. user = mysql

13. skip-name-resolve

14. lower_case_table_names=1

15. innodb_file_per_table=1

16. back_log = 50

17. max_connections = 300

18. max_connect_errors = 1000

19. table_open_cache = 2048

20. max_allowed_packet = 16M

21. binlog_cache_size = 2M

22. max_heap_table_size = 64M

23. sort_buffer_size = 2M

24. join_buffer_size = 2M

25. thread_cache_size = 64

26. thread_concurrency = 8

27. query_cache_size = 64M

28. query_cache_limit = 2M

29. ft_min_word_len = 4

30. default-storage-engine = innodb

31. thread_stack = 192K

32. transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

33. tmp_table_size = 64M

34. log-bin=mysql-bin

35. binlog_format=mixed

36. slow_query_log

37. long_query_time = 1

38. server-id = 1

39. key_buffer_size = 8M

40. read_buffer_size = 2M

41. read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

42. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

43. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

44. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

45. myisam_repair_threads = 1

46. myisam_recover

47. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

48. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M

49. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

50. innodb_file_io_threads = 8

51. innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

52. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

53. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

54. innodb_log_file_size = 512M

55. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

56. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60

57. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

58. 
    

59. 
    

60. [mysqld2]

61. socket = /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock

62. port = 3307

63. pid-file = /data/dbdata_3307/3307.pid

64. datadir = /data/dbdata_3307

65. user = mysql

66. skip-name-resolve

67. lower_case_table_names=1

68. innodb_file_per_table=1

69. back_log = 50

70. max_connections = 300

71. max_connect_errors = 1000

72. table_open_cache = 2048

73. max_allowed_packet = 16M

74. binlog_cache_size = 2M

75. max_heap_table_size = 64M

76. sort_buffer_size = 2M

77. join_buffer_size = 2M

78. thread_cache_size = 64

79. thread_concurrency = 8

80. query_cache_size = 64M

81. query_cache_limit = 2M

82. ft_min_word_len = 4

83. default-storage-engine = innodb

84. thread_stack = 192K

85. transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

86. tmp_table_size = 64M

87. log-bin=mysql-bin

88. binlog_format=mixed

89. slow_query_log

90. long_query_time = 1

91. server-id = 1

92. key_buffer_size = 8M

93. read_buffer_size = 2M

94. read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

95. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

96. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

97. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

98. myisam_repair_threads = 1

99. myisam_recover

100. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

101. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M

102. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

103. innodb_file_io_threads = 8

104. innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

105. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

106. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

107. innodb_log_file_size = 512M

108. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

109. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60

110. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

111. 
     

112. 
     

113. [mysqld3]

114. socket = /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

115. port = 3308

116. pid-file = /data/dbdata_3308/3308.pid

117. datadir = /data/dbdata_3308

118. user = mysql

119. skip-name-resolve

120. lower_case_table_names=1

121. innodb_file_per_table=1

122. back_log = 50

123. max_connections = 300

124. max_connect_errors = 1000

125. table_open_cache = 2048

126. max_allowed_packet = 16M

127. binlog_cache_size = 2M

128. max_heap_table_size = 64M

129. sort_buffer_size = 2M

130. join_buffer_size = 2M

131. thread_cache_size = 64

132. thread_concurrency = 8

133. query_cache_size = 64M

134. query_cache_limit = 2M

135. ft_min_word_len = 4

136. default-storage-engine = innodb

137. thread_stack = 192K

138. transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

139. tmp_table_size = 64M

140. log-bin=mysql-bin

141. binlog_format=mixed

142. slow_query_log

143. long_query_time = 1

144. server-id = 1

145. key_buffer_size = 8M

146. read_buffer_size = 2M

147. read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

148. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

149. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

150. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

151. myisam_repair_threads = 1

152. myisam_recover

153. innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

154. innodb_buffer_pool_size = 200M

155. innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

156. innodb_file_io_threads = 8

157. innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

158. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

159. innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

160. innodb_log_file_size = 512M

161. innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

162. innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 60

163. innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

164. 
     

165. 
     

166. [mysqldump]

167. quick

168. max_allowed_packet = 256M

169. [mysql]

170. no-auto-rehash

171. prompt=\\u@\\d \\R:\\m>

172. [myisamchk]

173. key_buffer_size = 512M

174. sort_buffer_size = 512M

175. read_buffer = 8M

176. write_buffer = 8M

177. [mysqlhotcopy]

178. interactive-timeout

179. [mysqld_safe]

180. open-files-limit = 8192

mysqld_multi启动

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1

2. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 2

3. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3

或者采用一条命令的形式：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1-3

更改原来密码（处于安全考虑，还需要删除系统中没有密码的帐号，这里省略了）：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3306/mysql.sock

2. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3307/mysql.sock

3. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 'password' -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

登录测试并创建admin密码(停止mysql的时候需要使用到)

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

2. GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

3. flush privileges;

4. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

5. GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

6. flush privileges;

7. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -ppassword -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock

8. GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

9. flush privileges;

更改环境变量

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. vim /etc/profile

2. PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

3. source /etc/profile

添加到自动启动
 

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. vim /etc/init.d/boot.local

2. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 1-3

如果是rhel或者centos系统的话自启动文件/etc/rc.local

管理的话，在本地都是采用 -S /data/dbdata_3308/mysql.sock，如果在远程可以通过不同的端口连接上去坐管理操作。其他的和单实例的管理没什么区别！

大家在管理多实例的话可以使用mysqlmanager实例管理器，管理器来会比较方面，限于篇幅，这里就不在多做介绍！