从应用启动看Activity的创建过程
本篇暂未完成。
/*
*Acitivity的创建过程：
*应用程序的入口为ActivityThread的main函数。
*在main函数中：
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
SamplingProfilerIntegration.start();
// CloseGuard defaults to true and can be quite spammy. We// disable it here, but selectively enable it later (via// StrictMode) on debug builds, but using DropBox, not logs.CloseGuard.setEnabled(false);//为当前的User初始化一个用户目录，以及一些环境变量Environment.initForCurrentUser();// Set the reporter for event logging in libcoreEventLogger.setReporter(new EventLoggingReporter());
Security.addProvider(new AndroidKeyStoreProvider());// Make sure TrustedCertificateStore looks in the right place for CA certificatesfinal File configDir = Environment.getUserConfigDirectory(UserHandle.myUserId());
TrustedCertificateStore.setDefaultUserDirectory(configDir);
Process.setArgV0("<pre-initialized>");
Looper.prepareMainLooper();//创建了一个AcitivityThread，ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();thread.attach(false);if (sMainThreadHandler == null) {
sMainThreadHandler = thread.getHandler();
}
AsyncTask.init();if (false) {
Looper.myLooper().setMessageLogging(newLogPrinter(Log.DEBUG, "ActivityThread"));
}
Looper.loop();
throw new RuntimeException("Main thread loop unexpectedly exited");
}
private void attach(boolean system) {//将当前的ActivityThread对象赋值给ActivityThread的静态变量sCurrentActivityThreadsCurrentActivityThread = this;
mSystemThread = system;//system=falseif (!system) {
ViewRootImpl.addFirstDrawHandler(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {
ensureJitEnabled();
}
});
android.ddm.DdmHandleAppName.setAppName("<pre-initialized>",
UserHandle.myUserId());
RuntimeInit.setApplicationObject(mAppThread.asBinder());//ActivityManagerNative属于IPC代理类，IPC服务端是ActivityManagerServicefinal IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();try {/*IPC调用attachApplication，aAppThread是ApplicationThread类型。 ApplicationThread继承于ApplicationThreadNative，ApplicationThreadNative继承于Binder。 Application创建之前的一些工作 */mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {// Ignore}// Watch for getting close to heap limit.BinderInternal.addGcWatcher(new Runnable() {@Override public void run() {if (!mSomeActivitiesChanged) {return;
}
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();long dalvikMax = runtime.maxMemory();long dalvikUsed = runtime.totalMemory() - runtime.freeMemory();if (dalvikUsed > ((3*dalvikMax)/4)) {if (DEBUG_MEMORY_TRIM) Slog.d(TAG, "Dalvik max=" + (dalvikMax/1024)
+ " total=" + (runtime.totalMemory()/1024)
+ " used=" + (dalvikUsed/1024));
mSomeActivitiesChanged = false;try {
mgr.releaseSomeActivities(mAppThread);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
}
}
});
} else {//由于system为false，所以此处不执行android.ddm.DdmHandleAppName.setAppName("system_process",
UserHandle.myUserId());try {//接下来是创建ContextImpl，Application，调用Application的onCreatemInstrumentation = new Instrumentation();
ContextImpl context = ContextImpl.createAppContext(this, getSystemContext().mPackageInfo);
mInitialApplication = context.mPackageInfo.makeApplication(true, null);
mInitialApplication.onCreate();
} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("Unable to instantiate Application():" + e.toString(), e);
}
}// add dropbox logging to libcoreDropBox.setReporter(new DropBoxReporter());
ViewRootImpl.addConfigCallback(new ComponentCallbacks2() {@Overridepublic void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {synchronized (mResourcesManager) {// We need to apply this change to the resources// immediately, because upon returning the view// hierarchy will be informed about it.if (mResourcesManager.applyConfigurationToResourcesLocked(newConfig, null)) {// This actually changed the resources! Tell// everyone about it.if (mPendingConfiguration == null ||
mPendingConfiguration.isOtherSeqNewer(newConfig)) {
mPendingConfiguration = newConfig;
sendMessage(H.CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, newConfig);
}
}
}
}@Overridepublic void onLowMemory() {
}@Overridepublic void onTrimMemory(int level) {
}
});
}//在ActivityManagerService.java中：@Overridepublic final void attachApplication(IApplicationThread thread) {synchronized (this) {int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
attachApplicationLocked(thread, callingPid);
Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
}
}private final boolean attachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThread thread,int pid) {// Find the application record that is being attached... either via// the pid if we are running in multiple processes, or just pull the// next app record if we are emulating process with anonymous threads.ProcessRecord app;if (pid != MY_PID && pid >= 0) {synchronized (mPidsSelfLocked) {
app = mPidsSelfLocked.get(pid);
}
} else {
app = null;
}if (app == null) {
Slog.w(TAG, "No pending application record for pid " + pid
+ " (IApplicationThread " + thread + "); dropping process");
EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.AM_DROP_PROCESS, pid);if (pid > 0 && pid != MY_PID) {
Process.killProcessQuiet(pid);//TODO: Process.killProcessGroup(app.info.uid, pid);} else {try {
thread.scheduleExit();
} catch (Exception e) {// Ignore exceptions.}
}return false;
}//此处省去部分代码 ......boolean badApp = false;boolean didSomething = false;// See if the top visible activity is waiting to run in this process...if (normalMode) {try {if (mStackSupervisor.attachApplicationLocked(app)) {
didSomething = true;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "Exception thrown launching activities in " + app, e);
badApp = true;
}
}//此处省去部分代码 ......return true;
} boolean attachApplicationLocked(ProcessRecord app) throws RemoteException {final String processName = app.processName;boolean didSomething = false;for (int displayNdx = mActivityDisplays.size() - 1; displayNdx >= 0; --displayNdx) {
ArrayList<ActivityStack> stacks = mActivityDisplays.valueAt(displayNdx).mStacks;for (int stackNdx = stacks.size() - 1; stackNdx >= 0; --stackNdx) {final ActivityStack stack = stacks.get(stackNdx);if (!isFrontStack(stack)) {continue;
}
ActivityRecord hr = stack.topRunningActivityLocked(null);if (hr != null) {if (hr.app == null && app.uid == hr.info.applicationInfo.uid
&& processName.equals(hr.processName)) {try {if (realStartActivityLocked(hr, app, true, true)) {
didSomething = true;
}
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Exception in new application when starting activity " + hr.intent.getComponent().flattenToShortString(), e);throw e;
}
}
}
}
}if (!didSomething) {
ensureActivitiesVisibleLocked(null, 0);
}return didSomething;
}final boolean realStartActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r,
ProcessRecord app, boolean andResume, boolean checkConfig)throws RemoteException {
r.startFreezingScreenLocked(app, 0);if (false) Slog.d(TAG, "realStartActivity: setting app visibility true");
mWindowManager.setAppVisibility(r.appToken, true);
......//在此处通过IPC方式调用了ActivityThread的scheduleLaunchActivity，//scheduleLaunchActivity方法向主线程消息队列中发送了一个LAUNCH_ACTIVITY的消息。app.thread.scheduleLaunchActivity(new Intent(r.intent), r.appToken,
System.identityHashCode(r), r.info, new Configuration(mService.mConfiguration),
r.compat, r.task.voiceInteractor, app.repProcState, r.icicle, r.persistentState,
results, newIntents, !andResume, mService.isNextTransitionForward(),
profilerInfo);//此处省去部分代码......return true;
}//到此在ActivityThread.java.attch()中的mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);这句代码就执行完了。//attach方法执行完后，ActivityThread的Handler就去执行LAUNCH_ACTIVITY的消息了。也就是执行handleLaunchActivity().private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {// If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well// we are back active so skip it.unscheduleGcIdler();
mSomeActivitiesChanged = true;//此处省去部分代码......//此处终于创建了AcitivityActivity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);if (a != null) {
r.createdConfig = new Configuration(mConfiguration);
Bundle oldState = r.state;
handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward,
!r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed);//此处省去部分代码 .....
} else {// If there was an error, for any reason, tell the activity// manager to stop us.try {
ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.finishActivity(r.token, Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null, false);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {// Ignore}
}
}//这里有两个重要的方法。//1.performLaunchActivity。//2.handleResumeActivityprivate Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {// System.out.println("##### [" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "] ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(" + r + ")");ActivityInfo aInfo = r.activityInfo;if (r.packageInfo == null) {
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfo(aInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo,
Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CODE);
}
ComponentName component = r.intent.getComponent();if (component == null) {
component = r.intent.resolveActivity(
mInitialApplication.getPackageManager());
r.intent.setComponent(component);
}if (r.activityInfo.targetActivity != null) {
component = new ComponentName(r.activityInfo.packageName,
r.activityInfo.targetActivity);
}
Activity activity = null;try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();//此处创建了Activity对象activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();if (r.state != null) {
r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
}
} catch (Exception e) {if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {throw new RuntimeException("Unable to instantiate activity " + component
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}try {//创建Application对象Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);if (activity != null) {
Context appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r, activity);
CharSequence title = r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());
Configuration config = new Configuration(mCompatConfiguration);
activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
r.voiceInteractor);if (customIntent != null) {
activity.mIntent = customIntent;
}
r.lastNonConfigurationInstances = null;
activity.mStartedActivity = false;//在此设置activity的主题int theme = r.activityInfo.getThemeResource();if (theme != 0) {
activity.setTheme(theme);
}
activity.mCalled = false;//调用Activity的onCreate方法if (r.isPersistable()) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state, r.persistentState);
} else {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state);
}if (!activity.mCalled) {throw new SuperNotCalledException("Activity " + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString() +" did not call through to super.onCreate()");
}
r.activity = activity;
r.stopped = true;//调用activity的onStart方法if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
activity.performStart();
r.stopped = false;
}//调用activity的OnRestoreInstanceState方法if (!r.activity.mFinished) {if (r.isPersistable()) {if (r.state != null || r.persistentState != null) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(activity, r.state,
r.persistentState);
}
} else if (r.state != null) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(activity, r.state);
}
}//调用activity的onPostCreate方法if (!r.activity.mFinished) {
activity.mCalled = false;if (r.isPersistable()) {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPostCreate(activity, r.state,
r.persistentState);
} else {
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPostCreate(activity, r.state);
}if (!activity.mCalled) {throw new SuperNotCalledException("Activity " + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString() +" did not call through to super.onPostCreate()");
}
}
}
r.paused = true;
mActivities.put(r.token, r);
} catch (SuperNotCalledException e) {throw e;
} catch (Exception e) {if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {throw new RuntimeException("Unable to start activity " + component
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}return activity;
}//调用了mInstrumentation.newActivity去创建Activity。//之后，调用了Activity的attach方法，在其中创建了window，设置了windowManager， public Activity newActivity(ClassLoader cl, String className,
Intent intent)throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException,
ClassNotFoundException {return (Activity)cl.loadClass(className).newInstance();
}//newActivity方法很简单，通过反射创建Activity。//看完了performLaunchActivity。就进入另一个重要的方法handleResumeActivityfinal void handleResumeActivity(IBinder token,boolean clearHide, boolean isForward, boolean reallyResume) {// If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well// we are back active so skip it.unscheduleGcIdler();
mSomeActivitiesChanged = true;// TODO Push resumeArgs into the activity for considerationActivityClientRecord r = performResumeActivity(token, clearHide);if (r != null) {final Activity a = r.activity;if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "Resume " + r + " started activity: " +
a.mStartedActivity + ", hideForNow: " + r.hideForNow
+ ", finished: " + a.mFinished);final int forwardBit = isForward ?
WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION : 0;// If the window hasn't yet been added to the window manager,// and this guy didn't finish itself or start another activity,// then go ahead and add the window.boolean willBeVisible = !a.mStartedActivity;if (!willBeVisible) {try {
willBeVisible = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().willActivityBeVisible(
a.getActivityToken());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
}if (r.window == null && !a.mFinished && willBeVisible) {
r.window = r.activity.getWindow();
View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
decor.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();
a.mDecor = decor;
l.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;
l.softInputMode |= forwardBit;if (a.mVisibleFromClient) {
a.mWindowAdded = true;
wm.addView(decor, l);
}// If the window has already been added, but during resume// we started another activity, then don't yet make the// window visible.} else if (!willBeVisible) {if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "Launch " + r + " mStartedActivity set");
r.hideForNow = true;
}// Get rid of anything left hanging around.cleanUpPendingRemoveWindows(r);// The window is now visible if it has been added, we are not// simply finishing, and we are not starting another activity.if (!r.activity.mFinished && willBeVisible
&& r.activity.mDecor != null && !r.hideForNow) {if (r.newConfig != null) {if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Resuming activity "+ r.activityInfo.name + " with newConfig " + r.newConfig);
performConfigurationChanged(r.activity, r.newConfig);
freeTextLayoutCachesIfNeeded(r.activity.mCurrentConfig.diff(r.newConfig));
r.newConfig = null;
}if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Resuming " + r + " with isForward="+ isForward);
WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();if ((l.softInputMode
& WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION)
!= forwardBit) {
l.softInputMode = (l.softInputMode
& (~WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_IS_FORWARD_NAVIGATION))
| forwardBit;if (r.activity.mVisibleFromClient) {
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
wm.updateViewLayout(decor, l);
}
}
r.activity.mVisibleFromServer = true;
mNumVisibleActivities++;if (r.activity.mVisibleFromClient) {
r.activity.makeVisible();
}
}if (!r.onlyLocalRequest) {
r.nextIdle = mNewActivities;
mNewActivities = r;if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "Scheduling idle handler for " + r);
Looper.myQueue().addIdleHandler(new Idler());
}
r.onlyLocalRequest = false;// Tell the activity manager we have resumed.if (reallyResume) {try {
ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().activityResumed(token);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
}
}
} else {// If an exception was thrown when trying to resume, then// just end this activity.try {
ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.finishActivity(token, Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null, false);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
}
}
}//先看看performResumeActivity方法。在此方法中调用activity的生命周期函数onResume。public final ActivityClientRecord performResumeActivity(IBinder token,boolean clearHide) {
ActivityClientRecord r = mActivities.get(token);if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Performing resume of " + r
+ " finished=" + r.activity.mFinished);if (r != null && !r.activity.mFinished) {if (clearHide) {
r.hideForNow = false;
r.activity.mStartedActivity = false;
}try {
r.activity.mFragments.noteStateNotSaved();if (r.pendingIntents != null) {
deliverNewIntents(r, r.pendingIntents);
r.pendingIntents = null;
}if (r.pendingResults != null) {
deliverResults(r, r.pendingResults);
r.pendingResults = null;
}//调用onResume方法r.activity.performResume();
EventLog.writeEvent(LOG_ON_RESUME_CALLED,
UserHandle.myUserId(), r.activity.getComponentName().getClassName());
r.paused = false;
r.stopped = false;
r.state = null;
r.persistentState = null;
} catch (Exception e) {if (!mInstrumentation.onException(r.activity, e)) {throw new RuntimeException("Unable to resume activity "+ r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
}return r;
}//然后重点就是下面这段代码： if (r.window == null && !a.mFinished && willBeVisible) {//先拿到window和windowManager对象，这两个对象在上面介绍的Activity的attch方法中创建。r.window = r.activity.getWindow();
View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
decor.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();
a.mDecor = decor;
l.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;
l.softInputMode |= forwardBit;if (a.mVisibleFromClient) {
a.mWindowAdded = true;//windowManager显示decorView，此方法wm.addView(decor, l);
}// If the window has already been added, but during resume// we started another activity, then don't yet make the// window visible.} else if (!willBeVisible) {if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "Launch " + r + " mStartedActivity set");
r.hideForNow = true;
}
做个备注：
在ActivityThread.java中：
H是Handler的字类。负责处理Activity的各种操作。
performLaunchActivity中创建了Activity
LoadApk中存储了ActivityThread的引用，还有其他的一些关于该应用的目录等变量。
CompatibilityInfo类保存了应用程序运行的兼容性模式的信息
我们平时在Activity中使用的ContentResolver是ApplicationContentResolver类型的