在移动互联网时代,实时音视频通讯已成为各类应用的标配功能。本文将结合我在某大型企业协同办公项目中的实战经验,详细讲解如何使用UniApp框架开发一个支持鸿蒙系统的WebRTC视频会议系统。通过这个项目,我们不仅要实现跨平台的音视频通讯,更要探索如何充分利用HarmonyOS的原生能力,打造流畅的用户体验。
在设计视频会议系统时,我们采用了以下技术栈:
project/
├── src/
│ ├── components/
│ │ ├── VideoPlayer.vue # 视频播放组件
│ │ ├── AudioController.vue # 音频控制组件
│ │ └── RoomControls.vue # 会议室控制组件
│ ├── services/
│ │ ├── webrtc/
│ │ │ ├── connection.ts # WebRTC连接管理
│ │ │ └── stream.ts # 媒体流处理
│ │ └── signaling/
│ │ └── socket.ts # 信令服务
│ └── platform/
│ └── harmony/
│ └── media-engine.ts # 鸿蒙媒体引擎适配
└── server/
├── signaling/ # 信令服务器
└── turn/ # TURN服务器配置
首先,让我们实现WebRTC连接管理类:
// services/webrtc/connection.ts
export class RTCConnectionManager {
private peerConnections: Map<string, RTCPeerConnection> = new Map();
private localStream: MediaStream | null = null;
constructor(private signaling: SignalingService) {
this.initSignalingHandlers();
}
async initLocalStream() {
try {
// 针对鸿蒙系统的特殊处理
if (uni.getSystemInfoSync().platform === 'harmony') {
this.localStream = await this.initHarmonyStream();
} else {
this.localStream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({
video: true,
audio: true
});
}
this.emit('localStreamReady', this.localStream);
} catch (error) {
console.error('获取本地媒体流失败:', error);
throw error;
}
}
private async initHarmonyStream() {
const mediaEngine = uni.requireNativePlugin('mediaEngine');
const stream = await mediaEngine.createLocalStream({
video: {
width: 1280,
height: 720,
frameRate: 30
},
audio: {
channelCount: 2,
sampleRate: 48000
}
});
return stream;
}
async createPeerConnection(remoteUserId: string) {
const config = {
iceServers: [{
urls: 'turn:your-turn-server.com',
username: 'username',
credential: 'password'
}]
};
const pc = new RTCPeerConnection(config);
// 添加本地流
this.localStream?.getTracks().forEach(track => {
pc.addTrack(track, this.localStream!);
});
// 监听远程流
pc.ontrack = (event) => {
this.handleRemoteStream(remoteUserId, event.streams[0]);
};
// ICE候选处理
pc.onicecandidate = (event) => {
if (event.candidate) {
this.signaling.sendIceCandidate(remoteUserId, event.candidate);
}
};
this.peerConnections.set(remoteUserId, pc);
return pc;
}
}
// pages/conference/room.vue
<template>
<view class="conference-room">
<view class="video-grid">
<video-player
v-for="stream in remoteStreams"
:key="stream.id"
:stream="stream"
:is-remote="true"
/>
<video-player
v-if="localStream"
:stream="localStream"
:is-remote="false"
/>
</view>
<room-controls
@leave-room="handleLeaveRoom"
@toggle-audio="toggleAudio"
@toggle-video="toggleVideo"
/>
</view>
</template>
<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent, ref, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount } from 'vue';
import { RTCConnectionManager } from '@/services/webrtc/connection';
import { useRoomStore } from '@/stores/room';
export default defineComponent({
name: 'ConferenceRoom',
setup() {
const roomStore = useRoomStore();
const rtcManager = new RTCConnectionManager(roomStore.signaling);
const localStream = ref<MediaStream | null>(null);
const remoteStreams = ref<Map<string, MediaStream>>(new Map());
onMounted(async () => {
await initializeConference();
});
const initializeConference = async () => {
try {
// 初始化本地流
await rtcManager.initLocalStream();
localStream.value = rtcManager.getLocalStream();
// 加入房间
await roomStore.joinRoom({
roomId: route.params.roomId,
userId: userStore.userId
});
// 处理新用户加入
roomStore.onUserJoined(async (userId) => {
const pc = await rtcManager.createPeerConnection(userId);
// 创建并发送offer
const offer = await pc.createOffer();
await pc.setLocalDescription(offer);
await roomStore.sendOffer(userId, offer);
});
} catch (error) {
console.error('初始化会议失败:', error);
uni.showToast({
title: '加入会议失败,请检查设备权限',
icon: 'none'
});
}
};
return {
localStream,
remoteStreams
};
}
});
</script>
在将视频会议系统适配到鸿蒙系统时,我们需要特别注意以下几点:
// platform/harmony/media-engine.ts
export class HarmonyMediaEngine {
private engine: any;
async initialize() {
this.engine = uni.requireNativePlugin('mediaEngine');
// 初始化HMS媒体引擎
await this.engine.initialize({
appId: 'your-hms-app-id',
apiKey: 'your-hms-api-key'
});
// 配置音视频参数
await this.engine.setVideoEncoderConfiguration({
width: 1280,
height: 720,
frameRate: 30,
bitrate: 1500
});
}
async startLocalPreview() {
await this.engine.startPreview({
sourceType: 'camera',
cameraId: 'front'
});
}
}
在实际项目开发中,我们遇到并解决了以下关键问题:
通过这个项目的实践,我们取得了以下成果:
随着鸿蒙生态的不断发展,我们计划在以下方面持续优化:
通过这个项目,我们不仅实现了一个功能完善的视频会议系统,更积累了宝贵的跨平台开发经验。特别是在鸿蒙系统适配方面的探索,为后续项目打下了坚实的基础。希望本文的分享能为大家在类似项目开发中提供有价值的参考。