URL常用配置方法

原文来自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_881a241b0100tw0t.html

1:直接导入视图函数

1 from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

2 from mysite.views import hello

3 urlpatterns = patterns('',

4         (r'^hello/$', hello),

5         (r'^time/$', time),

6 )

2:导入包函模块名和函数的客串，而不是函数本身

1 from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

2 from mysite import views

3 urlpatterns = patterns('',

4         (r'^hello/$', 'views.hello'),

5         (r'^time/$', 'views.time'),

6 )

3:不用导入任何视图内容，写清楚字符串描述

1 from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

2 urlpatterns = patterns('',

3         (r'^hello/$', 'mysite.views.hello'),

4         (r'^time/$', 'mysite.views.time'),

5 )

4:提取一个公共视图前缀

1 from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

2 urlpatterns = patterns('mysite.views',

3         (r'^hello/$', 'hello'),

4         (r'^time/$', 'time'),

5 )

5:partterns()返回对对象的相加

 1 旧：

 2     from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

 3     urlpatterns = patterns('mysite.view',

 4         (r'^hello/$', 'hello'),

 5         (r'^time/$', 'time'),

 6         (r'^other/$', 'mysite.others.other'),

 7     )

 8 新：

 9     from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

10     urlpatterns = patterns('mysite.view',

11         (r'^hello/$', 'hello'),

12         (r'^time/$', 'time'),

13     )

14     urlpatterns += patterns('mysite.others',

15         (r'^other/$', 'other'),

16     )

6:带命名组的URL

到目前为止，在所有URLconf例子中，我们使用的很简单，即“无命名”正则表达式组，在我们想要捕获的URL部分加上小括号，django会将捕获的文本作为位置参数传递给视图函数。在更高级的用法中，还可以使用“命名”正则表达式组来捕获URL，并且将其作为“关键字”参数 传给视图

下面是一个使用无名组的URLconf的例子：

1 from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

2 from mysite import views

3 urlpatterns = patterns('',

4         (r'^arcticles/(\d{4})/$',views.year_archive),

5         (r'^arcticles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', view.moth_archive),

6 )

下面是相同的URLconf，使用命名组进行了重写：

1 from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

2 from mysite import views

3 urlpatterns = patterns('',

4         (r'^arcticles/(?P<year>\d{4})/$', veiws.year_archive),

5         (r'^arcticles/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})/$', veiws.month_archive),

6 )

如果不带命名组，请求/arcticle/2006/03/将会等于这样的函数调用：
    month_archive(request, '2006', '03')
而带命名组，同样的请求就是这样的函数调用：
    month_archive(request, year='2006', month='03')
从中可以看出，使用命名组可以让你的URLconf更加清晰，减少参数次序可能搞混潜在的Bug， 还可以让你的定义中对参数重新排序。

7:视图冗余：

 1 # urls.py

 2 

 3     from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

 4     from mysite import views

 5 

 6     urlpatterns = patterns('',

 7         (r'^(foo)/$', views.foobar_view),

 8         (r'^(bar)/$', views.foobar_view),

 9     )

10 

11     # views.py

12 

13     from django.shortcuts import render_to_response

14     from mysite.models import MyModel

15 

16     def foobar_view(request, url):

17         m_list = MyModel.objects.filter(is_new=True)

18         if url == 'foo':

19         template_name = 'template1.html'

20         elif url == 'bar':

21         template_name = 'template2.html'

22         return render_to_response(template_name, {'m_list': m_list})

利用上面的方法可以减少视图冗余

8:为url里传入固定的参数：

 1 # urls.py

 2 

 3         from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

 4         from mysite import views

 5 

 6         urlpatterns = patterns('',

 7             (r'^foo/$', views.foobar_view, {'template_name': 'template1.html'}),

 8             (r'^bar/$', views.foobar_view, {'template_name': 'template2.html'}),

 9         )

10 

11  # views.py

12 

13         from django.shortcuts import render_to_response

14         from mysite.models import MyModel

15 

16         def foobar_view(request, template_name):

17             m_list = MyModel.objects.filter(is_new=True)

18             return render_to_response(template_name, {'m_list': m_list})

9:include导入：

1 from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

2 urlpatterns = patterns('',

3         (r'^weblog/', include('mysite.blog.urls')),

4         (r'^photos/', include('mysite.photos.urls')),

5         (r'^about/$', 'mysite.views.about'),

6 )