最近在调整代码的时候，出现如下问题：
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Cause : com . android . dex . DexException : Multiple dex files define Landroid / support / annotation / AnimRes ;
UNEXPECTED TOP - LEVEL EXCEPTION :
com . android . dex . DexException : Multiple dex files define Landroid / support / annotation / AnimRes ;
at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . readSortableTypes ( DexMerger . java : 579 )
at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . getSortedTypes ( DexMerger . java : 535 )
at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . mergeClassDefs ( DexMerger . java : 517 )
at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . mergeDexes ( DexMerger . java : 164 )
at com . android . dx . merge . DexMerger . merge ( DexMerger . java : 188 )
at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . mergeLibraryDexBuffers ( Main . java : 504 )
at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . runMonoDex ( Main . java : 334 )
at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . run ( Main . java : 277 )
at com . android . dx . command . dexer . Main . main ( Main . java : 245 )
at com . android . dx . command . Main . main ( Main . java : 106 )
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网上查询了一下，找到如下的解决方法：
我们常常用 gradle.build文件导入依赖库，但是有时候库依赖会发生版本冲突或多个模块依赖同一个库的情况，这就引出两个问题，如下：
- 版本冲突时， Gradle会下载多个版本的依赖库吗？
- 当多个模块依赖同一个库时，每个模块都会去下载该依赖库吗？
为解决这疑问，接下来我们在 Android Studio用 Gradle举个例子：
gradle.build依赖部分的配置：
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dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.2.1'
compile ( 'com.android.support:design:22.2.1' )
compile 'com.shamanland:fonticon:0.1.8'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:22.2.1'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.3'
androidTestCompile ( 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2' )
}
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在文件目录下或 Android Studio的 Terminal下敲 gradlew -q app:dependencies 命令，便有以下输出：
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_debugAndroidTestApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
+ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3
| + -- - com . android . support . test : exposed - instrumentation - api - publish : 0.3
| + -- - junit : junit : 4.12
| | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.0 -> 22.2.1
\ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - core : 2.2
+ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - idling - resource : 2.2
+ -- - com . squareup : javawriter : 2.1.1
+ -- - javax . inject : javax . inject : 1
+ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3
| \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3
+ -- - com . android . support . test : rules : 0.3
| \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * )
+ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - integration : 1.3
| \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 ( * )
+ -- - com . google . code . findbugs : jsr305 : 2.0.1
+ -- - javax . annotation : javax . annotation - api : 1.2
\ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * )
_debugAndroidTestCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
+ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3
| + -- - com . android . support . test : exposed - instrumentation - api - publish : 0.3
| + -- - junit : junit : 4.12
| | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.0 -> 22.2.1
\ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - core : 2.2
+ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - idling - resource : 2.2
+ -- - com . squareup : javawriter : 2.1.1
+ -- - javax . inject : javax . inject : 1
+ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3
| \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3
+ -- - com . android . support . test : rules : 0.3
| \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * )
+ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - integration : 1.3
| \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 ( * )
+ -- - com . google . code . findbugs : jsr305 : 2.0.1
+ -- - javax . annotation : javax . annotation - api : 1.2
\ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * )
_debugApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
+ -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1
+ -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1
| + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * )
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * )
\ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8
_debugCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
+ -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1
+ -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1
| + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * )
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * )
\ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8
_debugUnitTestApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
No dependencies
_debugUnitTestCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
No dependencies
_releaseApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
+ -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1
+ -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1
| + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * )
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * )
\ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8
_releaseCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
+ -- - com . android . support : multidex : 1.0.1
+ -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1
| + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * )
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * )
\ -- - com . shamanland : fonticon : 0.1.8
_releaseUnitTestApk - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
No dependencies
_releaseUnitTestCompile - # # Internal use , do not manually configure # #
No dependencies
androidJacocoAgent - The Jacoco agent to use to get coverage data .
\ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . agent : 0.7.4.201502262128
androidJacocoAnt - The Jacoco ant tasks to use to get execute Gradle tasks .
\ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . ant : 0.7.4.201502262128
+ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . core : 0.7.4.201502262128
| \ -- - org . ow2 . asm : asm - debug - all : 5.0.1
+ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . report : 0.7.4.201502262128
| + -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . core : 0.7.4.201502262128 ( * )
| \ -- - org . ow2 . asm : asm - debug - all : 5.0.1
\ -- - org . jacoco : org . jacoco . agent : 0.7.4.201502262128
androidTestApk - Classpath packaged with the compiled 'androidTest' classes .
No dependencies
androidTestCompile - Classpath for compiling the androidTest sources .
+ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3
| + -- - com . android . support . test : exposed - instrumentation - api - publish : 0.3
| + -- - junit : junit : 4.12
| | \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.0 -> 22.2.1
\ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - core : 2.2
+ -- - com . android . support . test . espresso : espresso - idling - resource : 2.2
+ -- - com . squareup : javawriter : 2.1.1
+ -- - javax . inject : javax . inject : 1
+ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3
| \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - core : 1.3
+ -- - com . android . support . test : rules : 0.3
| \ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * )
+ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - integration : 1.3
| \ -- - org . hamcrest : hamcrest - library : 1.3 ( * )
+ -- - com . google . code . findbugs : jsr305 : 2.0.1
+ -- - javax . annotation : javax . annotation - api : 1.2
\ -- - com . android . support . test : runner : 0.3 ( * )
androidTestProvided - Classpath for only compiling the androidTest sources .
No dependencies
androidTestWearApp - Link to a wear app to embed for object 'androidTest' .
No dependencies
apk - Classpath packaged with the compiled 'main' classes .
No dependencies
archives - Configuration for archive artifacts .
No dependencies
compile - Classpath for compiling the main sources .
+ -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - annotations : 22.2.1
+ -- - com . android . support : design : 22.2.1
| + -- - com . android . support : appcompat - v7 : 22.2.1 ( * )
| \ -- - com . android . support : support - v4 : 22.2.1 ( * )
\
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